CN-116568001-B - Data center cooling device

CN116568001BCN 116568001 BCN116568001 BCN 116568001BCN-116568001-B

Abstract

The invention discloses a data center cooling device which comprises a two-phase heat exchanger, a two-phase pipeline, a condenser, a single-phase pipeline, a liquid supplementing tank and a cooling working medium, wherein the two-phase heat exchanger is communicated with the condenser through the two-phase pipeline and the single-phase pipeline to form a circulation loop, the cooling working medium is filled in the circulation loop, the two-phase pipeline is positioned above the single-phase pipeline, and the liquid supplementing tank is communicated with the single-phase pipeline at the inlet end of the two-phase heat exchanger. The two-phase heat exchanger and the make-up tank are located within the data center, while the condenser is disposed in a waterworks reservoir above the data center. The invention uses the coupling effect of thermosiphon and gravity drive to make the cooling working medium spontaneously circulate and transport heat and uses the natural cold source of Fang Zilai water plant reservoir to dissipate heat of the data center, not only provides a new green and zero-carbon cooling method for the data center, but also has good social and economic benefits.

Inventors

CHEN JUNCHAO
YANG YILEI
ZHANG CHENGBIN
CHEN YONGPING
DUAN SIYUAN
LU XIANJUN
DENG ZILONG
HUANG YONGPING

Assignees

东南大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20230512

Claims (7)

1. A data center cooling device is characterized by comprising a two-phase heat exchanger, a two-phase pipeline, a condenser, a single-phase pipeline, a liquid supplementing tank and a cooling working medium, wherein the two-phase heat exchanger is communicated with the condenser through the two-phase pipeline and the single-phase pipeline and forms a sealed circulation loop, the cooling working medium is filled in the circulation loop, the two-phase pipeline is positioned above the single-phase pipeline, the liquid supplementing tank is communicated with the single-phase pipeline of an inlet section of the two-phase heat exchanger, the two-phase heat exchanger and the liquid supplementing tank are positioned in a data center, the two-phase heat exchanger takes away the heat load of the data center through the evaporation phase change of the cooling working medium, the high-temperature two-phase cooling working medium is conveyed to the condenser for condensation and heat dissipation through the thermosiphon action, and the cooled single-phase cooling working medium is driven by gravity to spontaneously flow back to the two-phase heat exchanger of the data center in the single-phase pipeline, so that the passive circulation operation of the cooling working medium is realized; the two-phase heat exchanger comprises a micro-channel array, wherein the micro-channel array comprises an inlet section, a divergent micro-channel, an interactive communication micro-channel and an outlet section, the divergent micro-channel is used for reducing flow resistance and simultaneously inhibiting steam countercurrent generated by burst boiling caused by overhigh local hot spots, the interactive communication micro-channel is arranged between the micro-channel array and used for eliminating unbalance and oscillation of pressure and flow among all channels due to incomplete unification of boiling progress and flow pattern evolution of all sub-channels by means of pressure balance effect, and the heat transfer efficiency of the two-phase heat exchanger is improved; the condenser is disposed in a reservoir of the water works above the data center.
2. The data center cooling device of claim 1, wherein the two-phase heat exchanger comprises a base and a cover plate, and the array of micro-channels is provided on the base.
3. The data center cooling device of claim 1, wherein the inner wall surface of the single-phase pipeline is of a sintered pore structure, and the pore size of the sintered pore structure is gradually reduced along the flowing direction of the cooling working medium.
4. The data center cooling device of claim 3, wherein the two-phase conduit inner wall is smooth.
5. The data center cooling device of claim 1, wherein the micro-channel cross-section of the array of micro-channels includes, but is not limited to, rectangular, circular, and trapezoidal.
6. The data center cooling device of claim 1, wherein the cooling medium comprises, but is not limited to, methanol, ethanol, acetone, R134a.
7. The data center cooling device of claim 1, wherein the condenser is a plate-fin condenser.

Description

Data center cooling device Technical Field The invention relates to the field of data center heat management, in particular to a data center cooling device which drives a cooling working medium to spontaneously circulate and transport heat by means of gravity/thermosiphon coupling effect and dissipates heat by utilizing a huge amount of natural cold sources of a nearby water works. Background The large amount of data throughput and operation make the data center as the emerging technology 'brain' of artificial intelligence, big data and the like show the development trend of high densification, integration and high energy consumption. In view of this, there is an urgent need to develop green, low-cost, efficient cooling schemes to drive the implementation of the "two-carbon" strategy for data centers. It should be noted that, the traditional data center mainly dissipates heat through air cooling, that is, takes air as a refrigerant to take away heat. This requires a large number of air conditioners and fans in the machine room, which not only consumes high energy but also causes greater noise pollution. Moreover, the PUE of the traditional air-cooled data center can only be 1.5-1.8, and has a larger gap from the national required index. In order to improve the PUE of the data center, the liquid cooling heat dissipation technology has become the development direction of the most potential of the transformation of the green, low-consumption and high-efficiency data center. The indirect liquid cooling cold plate type heat dissipation technology has been used in some data centers in engineering, and has simple structure, and can reduce PUE to about 1.3, thus greatly improving the energy efficiency level of the data center. In addition to indirect cooling heat dissipation schemes, data centers have also developed direct cooling schemes in which the cooling medium is in direct contact with the heat source. Among them, there are two types of immersion liquid cooling and spray liquid cooling. The existing research shows that the direct liquid cooling immersion type and spray type cooling technology can further reduce the PUE of the data center to about 1.1, thereby further reducing the heat dissipation power consumption of the data center. However, the direct liquid cooling mode has complex cooling system, high operation and maintenance difficulty, and very expensive cooling working medium, and is difficult to popularize and apply on a large scale. It should be noted that the existing cooling plate type, immersion type and spray type liquid cooling schemes cannot self-drive and circulate cooling working medium, and still require a certain extra power consumption input to maintain the circulation operation of the cooling system, thereby limiting the PUE of the data center. Aiming at the difficult problem, a data center cooling scheme of self-driven circulation of cooling working media such as a separated heat pipe cooling scheme has been developed. However, the heat source evaporation section of the current data center also has the problems of limited heat transfer efficiency and insufficient heat transfer distance caused by unstable two phases, so that further popularization and application of the technology are limited. More importantly, even if the self-driven circulation of the cooling working medium is realized by the existing cooling scheme, the heat dissipation of the condensing section still needs additional power consumption input, and the green and zero-carbon cooling of the data center is not realized fundamentally. It follows that the energy consumption level of the data center can be further reduced. Disclosure of Invention In order to overcome the defects of the prior researches, the invention provides a data center cooling device which reduces flow resistance loss to prolong the transportation distance, greatly improves the heat transfer efficiency by inhibiting two-phase instability and directly utilizes natural cold energy to dissipate heat without additional power consumption input. In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: A cooling device of a data center is characterized by comprising a two-phase heat exchanger, a two-phase pipeline, a condenser, a single-phase pipeline, a liquid supplementing tank and a cooling working medium, wherein the two-phase heat exchanger is communicated with the condenser through the two-phase pipeline and the single-phase pipeline to form a sealed circulation loop, the cooling working medium is filled in the circulation loop, the two-phase pipeline is positioned above the single-phase pipeline, and the liquid supplementing tank is communicated with the single-phase pipeline at the inlet end of the two-phase heat exchanger. The two-phase heat exchanger and the liquid supplementing tank are positioned in the data center, the condenser is arranged in a water works reservoir above the data center, the two-phase heat exc