CN-116616036-B - Impulse and weighing combined grain flow monitoring device and method and harvester

CN116616036BCN 116616036 BCN116616036 BCN 116616036BCN-116616036-B

Abstract

The invention provides a grain flow monitoring device and method with combined impulse and weighing and a harvester, the device comprises an impulse type monitoring device, a weighing type monitoring device, a data acquisition module and a control display module. A mathematical model of impulse monitoring flow and a mathematical model of weighing monitoring flow are respectively established, two different yield measuring modes are fitted on the basis, and then the real-time monitoring of grain flow in the harvesting operation process is realized. The invention is applicable to flow monitoring of various crop flows, and solves the problems of lack of a yield measuring system and low capacity measuring of the combine harvester in the application scene of the auger type elevator.

Inventors

XU LIZHANG
LI QIBIN
YU YANG
HU JINPENG
ZHANG LILI
ZHOU JIANMEI
LIU ZIWEN

Assignees

江苏大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20230630

Claims (6)

1. The impulse and weighing combined grain flow monitoring device is characterized by comprising an impulse monitoring device (4), a weighing monitoring device (2), a data acquisition module and a control module; The impulse monitoring device (4) is arranged on a top plate of the grain tank (1) close to one side of a grain outlet of the auger type elevator, and the impulse monitoring device (4) is used for detecting flow signals impacted by grain flow and vibration signals of the harvester; The weighing monitoring device (2) is arranged on a striker plate (101) in the grain tank (1), and the weighing monitoring device (2) is used for detecting a quality signal of the grain flow; The impulse type monitoring device (4) and the weighing type monitoring device (2) are respectively connected with a data acquisition module, the data acquisition module is connected with a control module, the weighing type monitoring device (2) transmits mass signals of grain flow to the data acquisition module, the impulse type monitoring device (4) transmits flow signals of grain flow impact and vibration signals of a harvester to the data acquisition module, and the data acquisition module transmits the received signals to the control module; The impulse monitoring device (4) comprises a plurality of groups of detection units which are uniformly arranged on the top plate of the grain tank (1), wherein each group of detection units comprises a fixed plate (401), a monitoring pressure sensor (402), a monitoring fingerboard (403), a reference fingerboard (404), a reference pressure sensor (405), a mounting plate (406) and a connecting plate (407); The fixed plate (401) is arranged on a top plate of the grain tank (1) close to one side of a grain outlet of the screw conveyor, one end of the mounting plate (406) is connected with the fixed plate (401) through a connecting plate (407), and the other end of the mounting plate is connected with the upper ends of the monitoring pressure sensor (402) and the reference pressure sensor (405), wherein the monitoring pressure sensor (402) is used for detecting flow signals impacted by grain flow, and the reference pressure sensor (405) is used for detecting vibration signals of the harvester; The lower end of the monitoring pressure sensor (402) is provided with a monitoring fingerboard (403), the lower end of the reference pressure sensor (405) is provided with a reference fingerboard (404), and the monitoring fingerboard (403) and the reference fingerboard (404) are arranged in front-back parallel and are provided with a gap; The detection units comprise three groups, namely a left monitoring unit, a right monitoring unit and a middle monitoring unit which are sequentially and uniformly arranged on the top plate of the grain tank (1); The monitoring fingerboards (403) of the middle monitoring unit are opposite to the grain outlet of the auger type elevator, the left monitoring unit and the right monitoring unit are symmetrical with respect to the middle monitoring unit, and the monitoring fingerboards (403) of the middle monitoring unit, the left monitoring unit and the right monitoring unit are tangent to a circle formed by taking the rotating shaft of the auger as the center of a circle; The mathematical model of impulse monitoring flow is as follows: ; Wherein, the The flow is monitored for an impulse at time t, The flow coefficient of different crops, j is the type of the crop, For the grain flow measured by the ith monitoring unit, The weight coefficient of the ith monitoring plate; establishing a mathematical model of the weighing monitoring flow, wherein the mathematical model of the weighing monitoring flow is as follows: ; t=1、2、3 n, ; Wherein, the The flow is monitored for weighing at time t, The weight of flow coefficient of different crops is j, the type of the crops is P, the pressure born by the weighing sensor is P, the volume weight of the different crops is ρ, g is gravity acceleration, k is a constant related to the volume of the granary, h is the stacking height of grains, t is time, and n is a positive integer; Calculate grain flow: The control module calculates impulse monitoring flow through a mathematical model of the impulse monitoring flow Calculating the weighing monitoring flow through a mathematical model of the weighing monitoring flow The control module monitors the impulse flow Fusing and generating a flow array, filtering the flow array by setting a filtering threshold value, and taking the average value of flow data in the filtered flow array, wherein the average value is grain flow Q at the current moment; the weighing monitoring device (2) comprises a weighing sensor (201) and a mounting frame (202), wherein the weighing sensor (201) is mounted on the mounting frame (202), and the mounting frame (202) is connected with a baffle plate (101) in the grain tank (1); the control module comprises a controller and a display screen; The controller performs differential processing on the flow signal which is detected by the received impulse monitoring device (4) and is impacted by the grain logistics and the vibration signal of the harvester, eliminates signal interference caused by the vibration of the harvester body, and calculates the impulse monitoring flow at the current moment through a mathematical model of the impulse monitoring flow ; The controller analyzes the mass signal of the grain flow detected by the weighing monitoring device (2) and calculates the weighing monitoring flow at the current moment through a mathematical model of the weighing monitoring flow ; The controller obtains the actual grain flow Q through impulse monitoring flow and weighing monitoring flow and displays the actual grain flow Q through a display screen; The monitoring units are arranged in a circumferential array.
2. Impulse and weighing combined cereal flow monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in, that it further comprises a shock absorbing damper (5), wherein the fixing plate (401) is connected with the top plate of the cereal box (1) by means of the shock absorbing damper (5).
3. Impulse and weighing combined cereal flow monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in, that the top plate of the grain tank (1) is provided with windows for mounting of the monitoring finger plate (403) and the reference finger plate (404).
4. The combined impulse and weighing type cereal flow monitoring device of claim 1, wherein the data acquisition module comprises an amplifying circuit, an a/D conversion module; The amplifying circuit amplifies the received analog signals, and the A/D conversion module converts the amplified analog signals into digital signals and transmits the digital signals to the control module.
5. A harvester comprising a combined impulse and weight cereal flow monitoring device as claimed in any one of the claims 1-4.
6. A method of monitoring a combined impulse and weighing type cereal flow monitoring device according to any one of claims 1-4, comprising the steps of: Establishing a mathematical model of impulse monitoring flow, wherein the mathematical model of impulse monitoring flow is as follows: ; Wherein, the The flow is monitored for an impulse at time t, The flow coefficient of different crops, j is the type of the crop, For the grain flow measured by the ith monitoring unit, The weight coefficient of the ith monitoring plate; establishing a mathematical model of the weighing monitoring flow, wherein the mathematical model of the weighing monitoring flow is as follows: ; t=1、2、3 n, ; Wherein, the The flow is monitored for weighing at time t, The weight of flow coefficient of different crops is j, the type of the crops is P, the pressure born by the weighing sensor is P, the volume weight of the different crops is ρ, g is gravity acceleration, k is a constant related to the volume of the granary, h is the stacking height of grains, t is time, and n is a positive integer; Calculate grain flow: The control module calculates impulse monitoring flow through a mathematical model of the impulse monitoring flow Calculating the weighing monitoring flow through a mathematical model of the weighing monitoring flow The control module monitors the impulse flow And fusing and generating a flow array, filtering the flow array by setting a filtering threshold value, and taking the average value of flow data in the filtered flow array, wherein the average value is the grain flow Q at the current moment.

Description

Impulse and weighing combined grain flow monitoring device and method and harvester Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of grain flow monitoring, and particularly relates to an impulse and weighing combined grain flow monitoring device and method and a harvester. Background Grain yield is one of the most important information to be obtained in precision agriculture, and it reflects the influence of farmland information such as soil structure, fertilizer utilization, topography structure, disease, insect pests, etc. in a concentrated manner. The corresponding yield distribution map can be generated by acquiring the crop yield of the farmland community, the yield distribution map not only can evaluate the quality of the harvesting operation, but also can guide the accurate operation of links such as cultivation, seed, pipe, harvest and the like of crops in the next season. The grain yield is not only the basis for making agricultural decisions, but also the embodiment of the final income generated by the decisions, so that the research of the grain flow monitoring device has important scientific significance and application value. Cereal flow monitoring systems can be categorized into mass, impact, volumetric, gamma-ray, and other types, according to measurement principles. At present, cereal flow monitoring systems tend to be mature in European and American countries, and particularly, impulse flow sensors are widely applied by virtue of the advantages of simple structure and high cost performance, and are adopted by John Deere, claas and other large-scale agricultural machine manufacturers. Unlike the large wheel type harvester with scraper type elevator in European and American countries, the main machine for harvesting rice, wheat and other crops is crawler type combine with compact structure and multiple screw type elevator. The scraper type elevator has the characteristics of large grain flow and concentrated impact range, the signal acquisition is relatively easy, the grain flow is unevenly dispersed in a fan shape at the grain outlet of the scraper type elevator, and the signal acquisition is relatively complex. The existing domestic research cannot meet the requirement of the output monitoring of the application scene of the auger type elevator, and no mature grain flow monitoring system aiming at the application scene of the auger type elevator exists. In the prior art, CN112020986a proposes a system and a method for monitoring the yield of an impulse type grain combine harvester, which collect the instantaneous grain flow by using the impact of the grain flow to an impulse sensor, but the impact is easily affected by vibration, and the difference between the measured yield and the actual yield gradually increases along with time, so as to affect the yield measurement precision. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention provides a combined impulse and weighing grain flow monitoring device and method, which can be used for real-time monitoring of grain flow of a combine harvester in an application scene of an auger type elevator, and can improve the stability and yield measuring precision of the existing grain flow monitoring device of the combine harvester. A harvester is also provided that includes a combined impulse and weight cereal flow monitoring device. In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the impulse and weighing combined grain flow monitoring device comprises an impulse monitoring device, a weighing monitoring device, a data acquisition module and a control module; the impulse monitoring device is arranged on a top plate of the grain tank close to one side of the grain outlet of the auger type elevator and is used for detecting flow signals impacted by grain flow and vibration signals of the harvester; the weighing monitoring device is arranged on a striker plate in the grain tank and is used for detecting a quality signal of the grain logistics; The impulse type monitoring device and the weighing type monitoring device are respectively connected with the data acquisition module, the data acquisition module is connected with the control module, the weighing type monitoring device transmits mass signals of grain flow to the data acquisition module, the impulse type monitoring device transmits flow signals of grain flow impact and vibration signals of the harvester to the data acquisition module, the data acquisition module transmits received signals to the control module, and the control module is used for calculating grain flow according to the received signals. In the scheme, the impulse monitoring device comprises a plurality of groups of detection units which are uniformly arranged on the top plate of the grain tank, wherein each group of detection units comprises a fixed plate, a monitoring pressure sensor, a monitoring fingerboard, a reference pressure