CN-116616142-B - Composite planting method for rhizoma polygonati

CN116616142BCN 116616142 BCN116616142 BCN 116616142BCN-116616142-B

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of rhizoma polygonati planting, and particularly relates to a rhizoma polygonati compound planting method, which comprises the following steps of S1, soil preparation and ridging; S2, ditching and film covering, S3, placing a moisturizing block, S4, planting rhizoma polygonati, and S5, planting composite crops. According to the invention, single sealwort crop planting is changed into grain, medicine and vegetable space compound planting, small-ridge planting is changed into large-ridge planting, and crop continuous planting is changed into annual alternate planting, so that the common yield increase and virtuous cycle of grain, medicine and vegetable are realized, the conflict between medicinal materials and grain and vegetable land is relieved, the land utilization rate is improved, the purposes of short cultivation and long cultivation are achieved, the problem that no income exists in the early period of sealwort planting are solved, and the peasant household planting enthusiasm is improved.

Inventors

LI JINFENG
ZHANG XIAOWEI
GOU XIAOSONG
WANG XIAODIAN
QIU HUARONG
HU SHIGANG
CHEN DAOYOU

Assignees

遵义市农业科学研究院

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20230719

Claims (8)

1. The composite planting method for the rhizoma polygonati is characterized by comprising the following steps of: S1, preparing soil and ridging, namely cleaning up weeds in a field, applying 1000-2000 kg of thoroughly decomposed farmyard manure, 50kg of cake fertilizer, 30-50 kg of compound fertilizer and 1kg of humic acid fertilizer per mu, deep ploughing, fine raking and leveling, performing soil disinfection treatment by using carbendazim during ploughing, spreading the soil in the field, and then ploughing and stirring the soil uniformly, lifting the soil to form a furrow, wherein the furrow width is 1.2-1.5 meters, and the furrow height is 10-20 cm; S2, ditching, namely, ditching planting ditches with the depth of 10-15 cm and the width of 15-25cm on the furrow according to the row spacing of 25-30 cm; s3, placing the moisturizing blocks, namely arranging a layer of moisturizing blocks A in the planting ditch; S4, rhizoma polygonati tuber treatment, namely selecting healthy and pest-free tubers of local Polygonatum cyrtonema Sieb as seed tubers, planing out root-shaped stems before and after 10 months or 3 months, selecting tender parts at the front ends, cutting into a plurality of sections, each section having 2-3 knots and 8-12 cm in length, cutting the seed tubers according to the knots to ensure that each seed tuber has at least 1-2 bud points, soaking the seed tubers for propagation by using a solution of 1000 times of 50% carbendazim and rooting powder for 15 minutes, draining water, mixing the tubers with plant ash, and immediately planting; S5, planting rhizoma polygonati, namely filling a layer of composite soil with the thickness of 1-2 cm on a moisturizing block A in a ditch before planting, then flatly placing rhizoma polygonati seed tubers in the ditch according to the plant spacing of 10-15 cm, covering soil by 5-7 cm, slightly pressing, watering for 1 time after 3-5 days, placing at least one moisturizing block B between every two adjacent rhizoma polygonati seed tubers after the rhizoma polygonati seed tubers are flatly placed in the ditch, sealing the lower part of the through hole of the moisturizing block A and the middle part of the moisturizing block B, enabling the upper part of the through hole of the moisturizing block A to penetrate through the upper surface of the moisturizing block A, enabling the two ends of the through hole of the moisturizing block B to penetrate through the upper surface and the lower surface of the moisturizing block B, filling the through hole in the middle part of the moisturizing block A with composite soil, continuously filling the composite soil by 1-2 cm on the moisturizing block A, placing rhizoma polygonati seed tubers on the composite soil, placing at least one moisturizing block B between every two adjacent rhizoma polygonati seed tubers, and finally filling the composite soil in the through hole of the moisturizing block B, so that the inner part of the moisturizing block B is in contact with the composite soil; S6, planting composite crops, namely planting high-stalk crops at two sides of a planting ditch in spring, after harvesting the high-stalk crops in autumn, keeping the high-stalk crop straw in the ground in an upright state, and planting cabbages at two sides of the planting ditch in winter.
2. The method for composite planting Polygonatum sibiricum Red according to claim 1, wherein holes are respectively formed at intervals of 15-20 cm at the bottom of the planting ditch, the depth of each hole is about 8cm, the diameter is 1-2cm, and composite soil is filled in each hole.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein in step S6, the tall stalk crop is corn.
4. The composite planting method of Polygonatum sibiricum Red according to claim 1, wherein the moisturizing block A and the moisturizing block B are prepared by uniformly mixing crushed straw, crushed corn cobs, dry manure, fly ash and clay into blocks according to the weight ratio of 100 (40-60)/(25-40)/(15-20)/(8-15) by adding water, and then airing.
5. The method for compositely planting rhizoma polygonati according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the moisturizing block A is prepared by uniformly mixing crushed straw, crushed corn cobs, dry manure, fly ash and clay in a weight ratio of 100:55:35:18:13 with water to form blocks and airing; The moisturizing block B is prepared by uniformly mixing crushed straw, crushed corn cobs, dry manure, fly ash and clay in a weight ratio of 100:42:27:16:9 with water to prepare blocks and airing.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein the moisturizing block A and the moisturizing block B are integrally formed to form an inverted T-shaped moisturizing block.
7. The method of claim 4, wherein the moisture-retaining block A is covered with a waterproof layer at the portion except the through hole before being placed in the planting trench.
8. The method of claim 4, wherein in step S5, the composite soil is prepared by uniformly mixing crushed corn cobs and humus soil in a weight ratio of 2:1.

Description

Composite planting method for rhizoma polygonati Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of rhizoma polygonati planting, and particularly relates to a rhizoma polygonati compound planting method. Background Rhizoma Polygonati is a perennial herb of Polygonatum (Polygonatum) of Liliaceae (LILIACEAE), is a large medicinal material for both medicine and food, and has been regarded as a rare product for prolonging life. In recent years, along with the improvement of medical care consciousness of people, the rhizoma polygonati with both medicine and food is increasingly favored by the market, the demand of the rhizoma polygonati is continuously increased, but the wild resources of the rhizoma polygonati are nearly exhausted due to artificial abusing and digging, and the habitat of the rhizoma polygonati is destroyed. In order to protect wild resources of Polygonatum sibiricum Red and solve the problem of lack of resources, research on artificial planting of Polygonatum sibiricum Red is necessary. Research on rhizoma polygonati is focused on pharmacological actions, propagation technology, chemical component extraction and the like of rhizoma polygonati, while research in the field of artificial planting is less and is mostly focused on research on high-yield cultivation, under-forest cultivation, intercropping of rhizoma polygonati and corn and the like. The traditional Polygonatum sibiricum cultivation technology is to singly plant Polygonatum sibiricum, the cultivation mode is simpler and the research depth is not enough, the harvesting can be performed after 3-5 years of cultivation, and the income year limit is long, so that the sustainable development of the sealwort industry is limited. The under-forest compound planting is a multi-layer three-dimensional planting mode, the rhizoma polygonati is planted under the forest by introducing the rhizoma polygonati, so that the forest land resource is saved, the wild rhizoma polygonati resource is recovered, the under-forest cultivation of the rhizoma polygonati is implemented in different forest species such as castanea henryi, fir wood, phyllostachys pubescens and the like, the land utilization rate can be improved, the soil nutrient is improved to a certain extent, but the cultivation of trees and medicinal plants on the forest land and the nursery stock management and protection of the seedlings need great manpower and material resource investment, but the early stage of the rhizoma polygonati planting has no benefit, the planting enthusiasm of farmers is poor, and the contradiction between the long-term benefit risk and the short-term benefit of the rhizoma polygonati planted by farmers cannot be reduced. At present, intercropping cultivation of rhizoma polygonati and corn in non-woodland is common, namely, the corn is interplanted in the next 4 th month and the corn is harvested in the last 8 th month, although the problem that the rhizoma polygonati is not profitable in the early planting period is solved, the cultivation method is improper, and further the rhizoma polygonati is affected in growth, and after the corn is harvested, the rhizoma polygonati is lack of shading materials in autumn and winter, so that the growth of the rhizoma polygonati is affected, the harvesting period is prolonged, the long-term income of farmers for planting the rhizoma polygonati is affected, and the sustainable development of the rhizoma polygonati industry is limited. Therefore, in order to reduce the contradiction between the risk of long-term income and short-term income of farmers for planting rhizoma polygonati, a further research on artificial planting of rhizoma polygonati is necessary. Disclosure of Invention In order to solve the problems, the invention aims to provide the composite planting method for the rhizoma polygonati, which can realize the common yield increase and virtuous circle of the food, medicine and vegetable, relieve the conflict between medicine materials and food and vegetable land, improve the land utilization rate, achieve the purposes of short cultivation, solve the problem of no income in the early planting stage of the rhizoma polygonati and improve the planting enthusiasm of farmers. The invention aims at realizing the following technical scheme: a composite planting method of rhizoma polygonati comprises the following steps: S1, soil preparation and ridging, namely cleaning up weeds in a field, applying 1000-2000 kg of thoroughly decomposed farmyard manure, 50kg of cake fertilizer, 30-50 kg of compound fertilizer and 1kg of humic acid fertilizer per mu, deep tillage, fine raking and leveling, performing soil disinfection treatment by using carbendazim during tillage, converging and spreading the soil in the field, and then ploughing and stirring the soil uniformly, lifting the soil to form a furrow, wherein the furrow width is 1.2-1.5 m, and the furrow height is 10-20 cm. S2, ditching, namely, ditching planting ditches