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CN-116649164-B - Pitaya cultivation method taking perennial wild peanuts as raw grass

CN116649164BCN 116649164 BCN116649164 BCN 116649164BCN-116649164-B

Abstract

The invention discloses a dragon fruit cultivation method taking perennial wild peanuts as raw grass, which comprises the steps of S1, selecting land, preparing land and ridging, S2, punching upright posts, planting dragon fruit seedlings, S3, cutting and transplanting the wild peanuts, namely cutting wild peanut branches in furrows of a dragon garden according to a row distance of 20-25 cm and a plant distance of 15-20 cm, S4, managing water and fertilizer, S5, cutting, namely cutting the overground parts of the wild peanuts by a mower and directly returning the overground parts to the field when the flowers of the wild peanuts are basically withered and the color of leaves is wholly shown to be old green, wherein rhizomes of the underground parts are reserved and cut for 4 times in 3 months, 6 months, 9 months and 11 months each year. According to the invention, the wild peanuts A.glaberata (PI 262801) are intercropped to cultivate the dragon fruits by adopting the perennial rooting stem group, the dragon fruits are planted for 1 time in a cutting way, the orchard benefits for many years, the weed growth can be inhibited, and compared with other green manure, the effect of improving deep soil by the wild peanuts is good, and the effect is obvious.

Inventors

  • GAO ZHONGKUI
  • TANG XIUMEI
  • HAN ZHUQIANG
  • ZHONG RUICHUN
  • JIANG JING
  • XIONG JUN
  • HE LIANGQIONG
  • LI BOYIN
  • HUANG ZHIPENG
  • TANG RONGHUA
  • FU ZHIXIN
  • LIN XU
  • QIU HUIJUN
  • WU HAINING

Assignees

  • 广西壮族自治区农业科学院

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20230718

Claims (9)

  1. 1. The dragon fruit cultivation method taking perennial wild peanuts as raw grass is characterized by comprising the following steps of: s1, selecting land, preparing land and ridging; S2, punching upright posts, and planting dragon fruit seedlings; s3, cutting and transplanting wild peanuts, namely cutting wild peanut branches into grooves of a dragon orchard according to a 'groined' shape with a row spacing of 20-25 cm and a plant spacing of 15-20 cm, wherein the wild peanuts are root granule wild peanut germplasm (PI 262801 A.glabrata); s4, water and fertilizer management; S5, cutting, namely cutting the overground part of the wild peanut by a mower and directly returning the overground part to the field when flowers of the wild peanut are basically withered and leaves are in an old green state, wherein the rhizome of the underground part is reserved and is cut for 4 times in 3 months, 6 months, 9 months and 11 months each year respectively, the S5 cutting is matched with the management method of three-stubble fruits in one year, namely cutting the wild peanut for 3 months each year, starting to artificially supplement light and induce the flowers to the dragon fruit, stopping supplementing light in the middle of four months, cutting the wild peanut for the first time to remove all the flower buds in the middle of 7 months after the flower buds are left on the first time, cutting the wild peanut for the second time to remove all the flower buds in the middle of 9 months after the flower buds are left on the second time, harvesting the wild peanut for the 9 months, starting to supplement light and inducing the flowers to supplement light to the dragon fruit after the wild peanut is cut for the third time, ending the supplement light for the 10 months, cutting the wild peanut for the third time and cutting the flower buds after the first time to remove all the flower buds are left on the first time.
  2. 2. The method for cultivating dragon fruits with perennial wild peanuts as grass according to claim 1, wherein in the cutting seedlings of S3, the wild peanut branches are branches with 3-4 cm underground rootstock and 2-3 leaves.
  3. 3. The method for cultivating dragon fruits by taking perennial wild peanuts as grasses according to claim 1, wherein in the cutting seedlings of the S3, the branches of the wild peanuts are soaked in an ABT rooting powder solution with the concentration of 50mg/kg for 2-3 hours before cutting.
  4. 4. The method for cultivating dragon fruits by using perennial wild peanuts as raw grasses according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, after ridging, grass-proofing cloth is laid in advance, the land is firstly prepared by adopting a form of firstly laying and then planting, ditching and ridging are finished, the surface of the ridge is ensured to be flat, a 1-meter-wide bundle of land cloth is laid in the middle of the surface of the ridge, the surface of the ridge is fixed by ground nails, and then upright posts are perforated at corresponding positions in the middle of the surface of the ridge, namely the middle of the land cloth, and planting is carried out.
  5. 5. The method for cultivating dragon fruits by taking perennial wild peanuts as raw grass according to claim 1, wherein in the S4, in the water and fertilizer management, 50 kg/mu of urea is sprayed after the wild peanuts root, and the fertilizer is sprayed through water after the fertilizer is applied, so that the dissolution and absorption speed of the fertilizer are accelerated.
  6. 6. The cultivation method of the dragon fruits taking perennial wild peanuts as raw grass is characterized by comprising the steps of S4, in water and fertilizer management, applying 7.5-15 kg/plant farmyard manure as base fertilizer before planting, applying chemical fertilizer after rooting of the dragon fruits, applying 2 times per month, applying 25g of urea once per plant, applying 50g of compound fertilizer once another, and alternately using the two fertilizers.
  7. 7. The cultivation method of the pitaya taking perennial wild peanuts as raw grass, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of paving micro-spray irrigation on the base of a pitaya seedling, paving a PVC pipe with a 110mm pipe neck along the direction of a field edge vertical to a ridge surface, reserving a spray irrigation interface corresponding to a pitaya planting row, paving a spray irrigation belt on the root of the pitaya along the ridge surface, connecting the top end of the spray irrigation belt to the reserved spray irrigation interface, enabling the length of each spray irrigation belt to be within 15 meters, and spraying water and penetration at regular time every week.
  8. 8. The method for cultivating dragon fruits by taking perennial wild peanuts as raw grass, which is characterized by comprising the steps of S3, cutting and transplanting the wild peanuts, loosening soil on the ridge surfaces of the dragon fruits before cutting the wild peanuts, keeping the soil loose, spreading 10-15 kg/mu of compound fertilizer in cutting grooves, and immediately sprinkling water and sprinkling thoroughly after transplanting the wild peanut branches.
  9. 9. The cultivation method of the pitaya taking perennial wild peanuts as raw grass, which is characterized by comprising the steps of S2, in perforated upright columns, planting pitaya seedlings, wherein the upright columns are cultivated according to a flat land to form 3m multiplied by 2.5 m, mountain land to form 2.2 multiplied by m multiplied by 2.2 m, planting the pitaya seedlings by cutting, cutting 25 cm sections of pitaya branches, placing the sections for 6-12 hours after cutting, collecting water, soaking the branches in an ABT rooting powder solution with the concentration of 50mg/kg for 1-2 hours before planting, and transplanting when root systems grow to 3-4 cm.

Description

Pitaya cultivation method taking perennial wild peanuts as raw grass Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural planting, in particular to a dragon fruit cultivation method taking perennial wild peanuts as raw grass. Background The tropical and subtropical regions in Guangxi places are rich in light, heat and water resources, and are very suitable for growth of various tropical and subtropical fruits such as dragon fruits, longan, litchi, mangoes, and Vol oranges, and the industrial scale of the Guangxi fruits is continuously increased in recent years. According to statistical data of fruits in Guangxi agricultural halls, the area of the fruits in Guangxi agricultural halls exceeds 2000 mu, the total yield reaches 2400 tens of thousands of tons, the fruits become one of the most important fruit supply provinces and export trade provinces in China, the area of the dragon fruits is 34.11 mu, the yield is 45.76 tens of thousands of tons, the fruits are one of the biggest yield areas of the winter ripe dragon fruits in China, the main yield area is south Ning and hundred colors, the fruits are one of the fastest fruits in recent years, the weeds in the orchard are extremely easy to grow under the climatic conditions of high temperature and high humidity, the weeds are mainly prevented and controlled by spraying herbicide or covering black films at present, the problems of reduced fertility of the soil, serious pesticide residues, ecological withdrawal of the orchard and the like are caused by long-term use, and the management mode of the orchard is sought. In the prior art, green fertilizers such as alfalfa, white clover and concha haliotidis are adopted for cultivation, but the result shows that the cultivation effects of different green fertilizers are different, the effects of cooling and moisturizing in summer, heat preservation and moisturizing in winter, soil temperature, soil volume weight, soil water content, total soil porosity and soil capillary porosity, soil organic matter content, content of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, iron, zinc and the like in soil, weed suppression and the like are all different, but the cultivation effects are better than those of contrast clear cultivation, however, at present, most of green fertilizers are annual, the growth period is generally about 4 months, the purpose of preventing and controlling weeds in whole year can be achieved only by multiple planting in one year, and certain green fertilizers cannot resist high temperature and cannot grow in summer and high temperature seasons such as alfalfa is sought, so that a better weed cultivation mode is sought, and an optimal intercropping management method is developed, and the yield and quality of dragon fruits are improved on the premise of not using herbicides and manual weeding. Disclosure of Invention The invention solves the technical problems that most of green fertilizers are annual, the growth period is generally about 4 months, the purpose of preventing and controlling weeds in whole year can be achieved only by planting for many times within one year, and the green fertilizers cannot resist high temperature and cannot grow in summer high-temperature seasons, and the cultivation effect of the grown weeds is poor in the prior art, and provides a dragon fruit cultivation method using perennial wild peanuts as the grown weeds. A dragon fruit cultivation method taking perennial wild peanuts as raw grass comprises the following steps: s1, selecting land, preparing land and ridging; S2, punching upright posts, and planting dragon fruit seedlings; s3, cutting and transplanting wild peanuts, namely cutting wild peanut branches into furrows of a dragon orchard in a well shape according to a row spacing of 20-25 cm and a plant spacing of 15-20 cm, wherein the wild peanuts are root granule wild peanut germplasm (PI 2626268011A. Glabra); s4, water and fertilizer management; S5, mowing, namely mowing the overground parts of the wild peanuts by using a mower and directly returning the overground parts to the field when flowers of the wild peanuts basically wither and leaves are in an old green color as a whole, wherein rhizomes of the overground parts remain and are mowed for 4 times in 3 months, 6 months, 9 months and 11 months each year. Further, the management method of the S5 mowing and three-stubble fruits in one year is that after the wild peanuts are mowed for 3 months each year, artificial light supplementing induction of the dragon fruits is started to form flowers, light supplementing is stopped in the middle of April, buds pulled out from the first-stubble dragon fruits after leaving sufficient buds to the middle of April are all removed, the wild peanuts are mowed before and after 6 months of dragon fruits ripen, the buds pulled out from the second-stubble dragon fruits after leaving sufficient buds to the middle of 9 months are all removed, the wild peanuts are mowe