CN-116671316-B - Air suction type seed metering device for large-particle-size seeds

CN116671316BCN 116671316 BCN116671316 BCN 116671316BCN-116671316-B

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of seeding equipment and discloses an air suction type seeding apparatus for large-grain seeds, wherein a seeding plate is arranged in a seeding shell and divides the seeding shell into an air chamber and a seed zone, the seeding plate is connected with a driving mechanism, one end of the seeding shell along the air chamber is connected with a negative pressure mechanism, the negative pressure mechanism is used for generating negative pressure in the air chamber, the driving mechanism is used for driving the seeding plate to rotate, the area of the seeding plate rotating to the air chamber can be communicated with the seed zone, and the area of the seeding plate rotating to a non-air chamber is disconnected in negative pressure.

Inventors

SU WEI
YAN CHUANG
ZHOU SHENGWU
MA YAO
ZHANG XIAN
GONG ZAIPENG
TANG YUAN

Assignees

昆明理工大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20230706

Claims (3)

1. The air suction type seed metering device for large-grain-size seeds is characterized by comprising a seed metering shell, a seed metering disc (3), a seed box (7), a driving mechanism and a negative pressure mechanism, wherein the seed metering disc (3) is arranged in the seed metering shell and divides the seed metering shell into an air chamber and a seed zone, the seed metering disc (3) is connected with the driving mechanism, one end of the seed metering shell along the air chamber is connected with the negative pressure mechanism, the negative pressure mechanism is used for generating negative pressure in the air chamber, the driving mechanism is used for driving the seed metering disc (3) to rotate, the negative pressure can be communicated to the seed zone when the seed metering disc (3) rotates to the area other than the air chamber, the seed metering disc (3) is disconnected in the process of rotating through the adsorption and transportation of seeds by the negative pressure on-off matching, and the seed metering; The seed sowing shell is of a split detachable structure and comprises a negative pressure shell (1) and a seed box end shell (4), and the negative pressure shell (1) and the seed box end shell (4) are connected through bolts; annular bulges are formed on the outer side of the negative pressure shell (1), an annular air chamber (20) is formed on the inner side of the negative pressure shell, a negative pressure air inlet (15) for connecting a negative pressure device is formed on the annular air chamber (20), and a seed feeding hole (16) for feeding seeds is formed on the negative pressure shell (1); the seed box end shell (4) is respectively provided with a seed inlet (22) connected with the seed box (7) and a baffle strip (21) along the left side and the right side of the lower part of the axle center, and vent holes (18) which are uniformly distributed are arranged along the upper part of the axle center and above the baffle strip (21); Suction holes are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the seed metering disc (3), a clamping mechanism for clamping seeds is arranged at the suction hole, and the suction holes are communicated with the annular air chamber (20) when the suction holes rotate to the annular air chamber (20); The seed metering disc (3) is uniformly provided with baffle plates (19) along the circumferential direction, the single baffle plate (19) is used for separating adjacent clamping mechanisms, and the two baffle plates (19) are arranged on two sides of the clamping mechanisms in a surrounding manner to assist seeds to enter the suction holes for clamping action; The clamping mechanism comprises a seed clamp fixed end (8), a seed clamp moving end (9), a spring (10) and a piston tube (11), wherein the seed clamp fixed end (8) is arranged at one end, close to the axis, of the seed metering disc (3) along the suction hole, the piston tube (11) is arranged at one end, far away from the axis, along the suction hole, the piston tube (11) is connected with the seed clamp moving end (9) in a sliding manner, and the seed clamp moving end (9) is sleeved with the spring (10) propped against the piston tube (11); the seed box end shell (4) is provided with a repulsive magnetic stripe (12) for driving the seed clamp moving end (9) to close to the seed clamp fixing end (8) along the upper side and the lower side of the axis, and a suction magnetic stripe (13) for driving the seed clamp moving end (9) to be far away from the seed clamp fixing end (8), wherein a notch for seed sowing is formed in the suction magnetic stripe (13).
2. The air suction type seed metering device for large-grain seeds according to claim 1, wherein the driving mechanism comprises a seed metering shaft (5), a motor (23) and a bearing, the seed metering shaft (5) is arranged at the axle center of a seed metering shell through the bearing, the seed metering disc (3) is fixedly connected to the seed metering shaft (5), and the seed metering shaft (5) extends out of one side of the seed metering shell to be connected with the motor (23).
3. The suction seed metering device for large-grain seeds as claimed in claim 2, wherein the negative pressure mechanism comprises a negative pressure fan (24) and an air pipe (25), and the negative pressure fan (24) is connected with a negative pressure air inlet (15) through the air pipe (25).

Description

Air suction type seed metering device for large-particle-size seeds Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of seeding equipment, in particular to a pneumatic seeding apparatus for seeds with large grain sizes. Background At present, large-grain-size seeds are sowed manually in a mode of plow ditching or manual digging firstly, then sowing and fertilizer sliding manually, and the mode is high in labor intensity and low in efficiency. And moreover, the manual sowing cannot ensure the agronomic requirements such as plant spacing consistency, sowing depth and the like, and the seedlings are easy to be out of order, so that the field management operations such as intertillage weeding and the like are not facilitated, and the conditions of high density and low yield are caused. In addition, the existing mechanical working for large-grain seeds is easy to damage seeds, the requirement on the external dimensions of the seeds is high (the variation coefficient of the large-grain seeds is large), the seeder is poor in stability and easy to miss and take and the seeding qualification index is greatly reduced during high-speed operation. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide the air suction type seed metering device for large-grain seeds, which can precisely seed the large-grain seeds, improve the germination rate and the survival rate of the seeds, has high seed metering efficiency, saves labor cost, improves seed filling efficiency and effectively overcomes centrifugal force. In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides an air suction type seed metering device for seeds with large grain size, which comprises a seed metering shell, a seed metering disc, a seed box, a driving mechanism and a negative pressure mechanism; The seed metering dish is installed in the seed metering casing to divide into air chamber and seed zone with seed metering casing, seed metering dish connection actuating mechanism, seed metering casing are connected with negative pressure mechanism along air chamber one end, and negative pressure mechanism is used for producing the negative pressure at the air chamber, and actuating mechanism is used for driving the seed metering dish and rotates, and the seed metering dish rotates the region that the air chamber can communicate the negative pressure to the seed zone, and the seed metering dish rotates the regional negative pressure disconnection of non-air chamber, and the seed metering dish carries out the absorption transportation of seed and seed metering through negative pressure break-make cooperation at pivoted in-process. Further, the seed metering casing is split detachable structure, and the seed metering casing includes negative pressure casing, kind case end casing, and negative pressure casing, kind case end casing pass through bolted connection. Further, annular protrusions are formed on the outer side of the negative pressure shell, an annular air chamber is formed on the inner side of the negative pressure shell correspondingly, a negative pressure air inlet used for connecting a negative pressure device is formed in the annular air chamber, and a seed throwing hole used for throwing seeds is further formed in the negative pressure shell. Further, the seed box end shell is provided with a seed inlet connected with the seed box and an arc-shaped baffle plate along the left side and the right side of the lower part of the axle center respectively, and a vent hole is arranged along the upper part of the axle center and above the arc-shaped baffle plate. Further, the seed metering dish has the suction hole along radial equipartition, is provided with the fixture who is used for gripping the seed on the suction hole position, and the suction hole communicates with annular air chamber when the suction hole rotates annular air chamber. Further, the seed metering dish is along radial equipartition baffle, and single baffle is used for separating adjacent fixture, and two baffles enclose and locate fixture both sides, and supplementary seed enters into the suction site and carries out the centre gripping action. Further, the fixture comprises a seed clamp fixed end, a seed clamp moving end, a spring and a piston tube, wherein the seed clamp fixed end is arranged at one end, close to the axis, of the seed metering disc along the suction hole, the piston tube is arranged at one end, far away from the axis, of the seed plate along the suction hole, the seed clamp moving end is connected onto the piston tube in a sliding manner, and the seed clamp moving end is sleeved with the spring propped against the piston tube. Further, the seed box end shell is provided with a repulsive force magnetic stripe for driving the seed clamp moving end to close to the seed clamp fixing end and a suction magnetic stripe for driving the seed clamp moving end to be far away from the seed clamp fixing end along the upper side and the lower side of the axis, and a notch for s