CN-116702576-B - Shaped transmission array design method combining space mapping algorithm and group intelligent algorithm

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-efficiency and accurate shaping transmission array design method which comprises the steps of setting a fine model and a coarse model, optimizing by adopting a group intelligent algorithm to obtain an optimal solution of the coarse model and taking the optimal solution as an initial parameter of the fine model, extracting the coarse model parameter corresponding to the fine model parameter by adopting the group intelligent algorithm, updating a mapping matrix according to a space mapping principle to predict a next fine model parameter, and repeating the last two steps until the design result of the fine model meets the requirement or mapping convergence. The invention provides a method for optimizing the phase distribution of a designed transmission array by combining a space mapping algorithm and a group intelligent algorithm, and designs a shaped transmission array on the basis of considering the actual amplitude-phase error, thereby realizing the shaped transmission array with excellent performance. According to the method, a full-wave simulation process (a fine model) of the transmission array is converted into an efficient array factor (a coarse model) optimization process through parameter extraction, so that complex transmission array optimization can be smoothly realized.

Inventors

• GUO XIN
• LI SHUANG
• WU WEN

Assignees

• 南京理工大学

Dates

Publication Date

20260512

Application Date

20220225

Claims (5)

1. 1. A shaping transmission array design method combining a space mapping algorithm and a group intelligent algorithm is characterized in that the method combines the space mapping algorithm and the group intelligent algorithm to optimally design the phase distribution of a transmission array surface, and comprises the following steps: step 1, setting a fine model and a coarse model; step 2, optimizing by adopting a group intelligent algorithm to obtain a coarse model optimal solution, and enabling an initial parameter of a fine model to be equal to the coarse model optimal solution; step 3, optimizing and extracting coarse model parameters corresponding to the fine model parameters by adopting a swarm intelligent algorithm; Step 4, updating a mapping matrix according to a space mapping principle to obtain predicted next-step fine model parameters; Step 5, repeating the steps 3 to 4 until the design result of the fine model meets the design requirement or the mapping converges; step 1, adopting an array factor irradiated by a feed source radiation field as a coarse model and a full-wave simulation model as a fine model; The transmission array comprises The feed source antenna array comprises p multiplied by p microstrip patches, and each microstrip patch is equivalent to two slot antennas; The coarse model is as follows: Wherein, the Array factor irradiated by feed source radiation field The method comprises the following steps: Wherein, the In the formula, X m 、y n is the abscissa and the ordinate of the mth row and the nth column phase modulation transmission units respectively, k is the phase constant of the free space, The azimuth vector of the slot antenna to the mth row and nth column phase modulated transmission elements, Is the position vector in the array to the transmissive array element, Is a unit vector of any position in a coordinate system, |T mn | is the amplitude of the transmission coefficient of the m-th row and n-th column phase modulation transmission unit, ψ mn is the phase of the transmission coefficient of the m-th row and n-th column transmission unit, ω is angular frequency, A is magnetic sagittal distribution, 、 、 The unit vectors are the x axis, the y axis and the z axis, and x, y and z are coordinate values of the charge distribution of the slot antenna.
2. 2. The method for designing the shaped transmission matrix by combining the space mapping algorithm and the swarm intelligence algorithm according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2, the swarm intelligence algorithm is adopted to optimize to obtain a coarse model optimal solution, specifically, a target pattern is set in combination with the coarse model, and the swarm intelligence algorithm optimizes to obtain an optimal design parameter of the coarse model as initial phase distribution of the transmission matrix.
3. 3. The method for designing a shaped transmission array combining a spatial mapping algorithm and a swarm intelligence algorithm according to claim 1, further comprising, after step 2 and before step 3: Taking the optimal solution X c of the coarse model as an initial value X f 0 , namely X f 0 =X c , of the design parameters of the fine model; Full-wave simulation is carried out on the fine model design parameter X f 0 according to a space mapping algorithm, and a pattern corresponding to the fine model parameter is obtained; Judging whether the direction diagram meets the design requirement or the convergence requirement, if so, exiting the whole process, otherwise, executing the step 3.
4. 4. The method for designing the shaped transmission matrix by combining the space mapping algorithm and the swarm intelligence algorithm according to claim 1, wherein the step 3 is characterized in that the coarse model parameters corresponding to the fine model parameters are extracted, specifically, the coarse model design parameters are optimized by taking a pattern obtained by the fine model as a target, and the swarm intelligence algorithm is called to extract the coarse model design parameters corresponding to the fine model design parameters.
5. 5. The method for designing a shaped transmission matrix by combining a space mapping algorithm and a swarm intelligence algorithm according to claim 4, wherein a neighborhood region is introduced in the process of extracting the coarse model design parameters corresponding to the fine model design parameters, the swarm intelligence algorithm is called in the neighborhood region to extract parameters, and the neighborhood region refers to the fact that each design parameter of the coarse model optimized during parameter extraction is limited within a range of +/- 0 of an optimal solution Xc of the coarse model.

Description

Shaped transmission array design method combining space mapping algorithm and group intelligent algorithm Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of antennas, and particularly relates to a shaping transmission array design method combining a space mapping algorithm and a group intelligent algorithm. Background Beamforming is an important antenna technology, and has wide application requirements in the fields of wireless communication, radar detection and the like. There are generally two methods for implementing antenna beamforming. The first method is an analytic method, such as a Fourier transform method, a Taylor synthetic method, a Chebyshev synthetic method and a Woodward-Lawson method, which find out the direct corresponding conversion relation between the radiation pattern and the antenna aperture amplitude-phase distribution, and the shaping efficiency is high, but the patterns generated by the analytic methods are not completely controllable, the pattern synthesis with the limitation on the amplitude-phase dynamic range is difficult to realize, and the design is not flexible enough. The second method is a global optimization method, and the design parameters meeting the performance conditions are obtained by global search in a solution domain by utilizing a swarm intelligent algorithm comprising a genetic algorithm, a particle swarm algorithm, a manual bee swarm algorithm and the like, so that the method has the advantages of being capable of designating the solution domain, performing multi-objective optimization and the like, and is suitable for the multi-objective optimization problem of the shaping pattern. For the problem of transmission phase optimization of the shaped transmission array design, a group intelligent algorithm design is often adopted. The transmission array antenna combines the optical theory and the antenna array theory, and has the advantages of low loss, high gain, planar structure, simple processing and the like. However, the research of the transmission array antenna is mainly focused on realizing high gain and high efficiency, and the research on the beam forming of the transmission array antenna is less. Beamforming of a transmission array antenna mainly relies on phase synthesis only, i.e. changing the transmission phase distribution of the transmission array plane to obtain a target pattern. In practical situations, the transmission array is a quasi-periodic structure, and the transmission phase of the transmission unit changes along with the oblique incident angle, the structural change of the adjacent units, and the like, so that a certain amplitude-phase deviation exists compared with the expected transmission performance obtained under the ideal period boundary condition. These amplitude and phase errors can cause the actual radiation pattern to deviate from the theoretical intended pattern, especially in shaped transmissive arrays. In order to realize better shaped beam, it is necessary to study the design method of the shaped transmission array based on the actual amplitude-phase error. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a high-efficiency and accurate shaping transmission array design method. The phase distribution of the designed transmission array surface is optimized by combining a space mapping algorithm and a group intelligent algorithm, and the shaped transmission array is designed on the basis of considering the actual amplitude-phase error, so that the shaped transmission array with excellent performance is realized. The technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the invention is that the method for designing the shaped transmission array combines a space mapping algorithm and a group intelligent algorithm, and the method comprises the following steps of optimally designing the phase distribution of the transmission array surface by combining the space mapping algorithm and the group intelligent algorithm: step 1, setting a fine model and a coarse model; And 2, optimizing by adopting a group intelligent algorithm to obtain a coarse model optimal solution, and enabling the initial parameters of the fine model to be equal to the coarse model optimal solution. Step 3, optimizing and extracting coarse model parameters corresponding to the fine model parameters by adopting a swarm intelligent algorithm; Step 4, updating a mapping matrix according to a space mapping principle to obtain predicted next-step fine model parameters; And 5, repeating the steps 3 to 4 until the design result of the fine model meets the design requirement or the mapping converges. Further, in the step 1, an array factor irradiated by a feed source radiation field is used as a coarse model, and a full-wave simulation model is used as a fine model. Further, the transmission array comprises M multiplied by M phase modulation transmission units, the feed source antenna array comprises p multiplied by p microstrip patches, and each microstrip patch