CN-116733528-B - Drainage method for karst fracture water of underground mine

CN116733528BCN 116733528 BCN116733528 BCN 116733528BCN-116733528-B

Abstract

The invention discloses a drainage method of karst fracture water of an underground mine, and relates to the technical field of underground mine construction. The method comprises the steps of drilling a plurality of water guide holes along the radial direction of a section at the water outlet position of surrounding rock of a roadway, arranging the end part of a water guide hose of each water guide hole in a drainage ditch on one side of the roadway, taking a chamber of the side part of the roadway as a reservoir, guiding water in the drainage ditch or automatically flowing to the reservoir to collect and temporarily store the water, drilling water injection holes downwards at the bottom plate of the roadway around the reservoir, penetrating through a water-resisting layer until a target aquifer, setting high-pressure water injection parameters, arranging a water pump in the high-pressure water injection device to discharge water pressure in the reservoir to the lower target aquifer until the water absorption capacity of the target aquifer is saturated or water gushing nearby is completed, stopping the water pump after the water discharge is completed, and closing the water injection pipe by adopting a control valve. The method adopts a shallow dredging deep injection mode to drain the water pressure of the karst fissures of the mine into the deep aquifer, so that the mine water is not discharged out of the well, a mine drainage system is simplified, and a large amount of drainage cost is saved.

Inventors

WU HAO
ZHOU FAN
LIU YINGHUI
FAN AOQI
ZHANG BIN
WANG MENGLAI
LI SHUJIAN
WANG WANLU
ZHANG JIXIONG
MA DAN
WANG ZONGYONG
WEI LIJUN

Assignees

云南磷化集团有限公司
中国矿业大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20230725

Claims (7)

1. The drainage method of the karst fracture water of the underground mine is characterized by comprising the following steps of: s1, draining water through water guide holes, namely drilling a plurality of water guide holes along the radial direction of the section at the water outlet position of surrounding rock of a roadway, arranging water guide hoses in the water guide holes, and arranging the ends of the water guide hoses in a drainage ditch at one side of the roadway; s2, collecting water in the reservoir, namely taking a chamber at the upper part of the roadway as the reservoir, and draining or automatically flowing water in the drainage ditch to the reservoir to collect and temporarily store; S3, constructing water injection holes, namely determining a water-resisting layer and a target aquifer which are sequentially positioned below a stratum where a roadway water outlet point is positioned, downwards drilling the water injection holes on a roadway bottom plate around a reservoir, and enabling the water injection holes to penetrate through the water-resisting layer until reaching the target aquifer; S4, installing a high-pressure water injection device, namely sequentially connecting and installing a prepared water pump, a rubber hose, a control valve, a water injection pipe, a flower pipe and a hole packer, inserting the water injection pipe and the flower pipe and the hole packer at the end part into a water injection hole, grouting and sealing a gap between the water injection pipe and the wall of the water injection hole, and preventing high-pressure water from backflushing; s5, setting high-pressure water injection parameters, wherein a water pump in the high-pressure water injection device discharges water pressure in a reservoir to a lower target aquifer until the target aquifer water absorption capacity reaches saturation or water gushing nearby is discharged, stopping the water pump after the water discharge is finished, and closing a water injection pipe by adopting a control valve; in the step S5, the water pump in the high-pressure water injection device uses a rubber hose to convey the water of the reservoir into the water injection pipe under pressure, then the water is pressed out by the hole packer and sprayed out by the nozzle of the embossing pipe to form jet flow, a water storage space is manufactured in the forms of hydraulic joint making and original hole/crack/solution gap brushing, and then the water is pressed into a target aquifer; the water injection pipe is formed by connecting each section of high-pressure-resistant seamless steel pipe with the length of 2-3m through threads, the diameter of the water injection pipe is matched with that of a water injection hole, the head of the water injection pipe is connected with a flower pipe with the same diameter through a hole packer, and the tail of the water injection pipe is provided with a control valve; And in the step S5, the water pump water injection pressure P is more than or equal to sigma max+Pw, wherein sigma max represents the maximum ground stress of the target aquifer, and Pw represents the pore water pressure of the target aquifer.
2. The method for dredging and draining karst crevice water in an underground mine is characterized in that in the step S1, water guide holes are uniformly distributed and cover a roadway surrounding rock water gushing area, the aperture of each water guide hole is 34-42 mm, the depth is 3-5 m, the distance is 1.0-1.5 m, and the row spacing is 2.0-2.5 m.
3. The method for dredging and draining karst crevice water in an underground mine, as set forth in claim 1, is characterized in that in the step S2, the reservoir is a roadway wall chamber 5-10 m long, 5-8 m wide and 4-5 m high, the slope toe of the bottom plate of the reservoir is 15-18 degrees, and surrounding rocks are supported in a closed manner by anchor net spraying.
4. The method for dredging and draining karst crevice water in an underground mine according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the target aquifer and the overlying aquifer in the step S3 is not less than 1.0m.
5. The method for dredging and draining karst crevice water in an underground mine according to claim 1, wherein the water injection holes in the step S3 are arranged within 10m of the periphery of the reservoir, the aperture of the water injection holes is 90-150 mm, and the inclination angle is 60-90 degrees.
6. The method for dredging and draining karst crevice water in an underground mine is characterized in that the flowtube is positioned in a water injection hole of a target aquifer, the length is 1-2m, the nozzles are uniformly arranged in rows along the radial direction of the tube body, 3-6 nozzles are arranged in each row, the row distance is 20-30 cm, and the diameter of each nozzle is 1-3 cm.
7. The method for dredging and draining karst crevice water in an underground mine is characterized in that the hole packer is located in a water injection hole of a water-proof layer, is connected between a water injection pipe and a flower pipe in a threaded mode, is made of rubber materials, has a length of 1.0-1.5 m, has a diameter which is 1-3 cm larger than that of the water injection pipe, has a radial expansion amount of 2-3 cm, and is resistant to high pressure of more than 25 MPa.

Description

Drainage method for karst fracture water of underground mine Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of underground mine construction, in particular to a drainage method of karst fracture water of an underground mine. Background Rock mass is a heterogeneous and discontinuous variant, and besides various mineral particles, the inside of the rock mass also comprises a large number of defects such as pores, cracks and the like, and the defects naturally become storage sites for mediums such as oil gas, water and the like. Groundwater is just water in pores, cracks and solution gaps existing in underground rock and soil, and although groundwater is an important resource for human life to survive, too abundant groundwater is reacted to become an important hazard source for underground rock mechanical activity. For example, mines require a large number of roadway projects to open up to the ore body to form development, quasi-mining and stoping systems during construction and production, and thus a large number of roadways need to traverse various aquifers. The water gushing of the mine is the process that the water-bearing layer or the atmospheric precipitation supplied with the water-bearing layer, the surface water and the goaf water are filled into the mining spaces such as a roadway, a stope and the like through water filling channels (fracture zones, karst collapse columns and mining cracks) under the action of self static pressure or dynamic pressure. If a large amount of underground water floods into the mining space and exceeds the normal drainage capacity of the mine, mine water damage can be formed, and if the mine engineering suddenly reveals water-rich structures such as faults, karst, broken zones and the like, water-rich aquifers, goaf water and surface water bodies, mine water burst accidents can be induced. In addition, the long-term water spraying and ponding of large-water mine roadways and stopes can obviously weaken the rock strength and reduce the stability, so that surrounding rock deformation and damage phenomena such as roof fall sides and the like frequently occur, the conventional operation method and technology are difficult to work, and the roadway construction safety, cost and efficiency face serious challenges. In addition, the presence of large amounts of water downhole can also degrade the working environment, corrode electromechanical equipment, and resource recovery difficulties cause ore loss depletion surges. At present, water damage becomes one of five disasters of mines, and the prevention and treatment of the mine water damage are the primary problems to be solved in the prior art due to the fact that water filling sources are not easy to identify and water filling channels are not easy to detect. In view of the difficulty in detecting and plugging the underground water source and the water filling channel, the forced drainage is a common mine water treatment method in underground exploitation. For mines with smaller water inflow, the forced drainage mode is still acceptable in drainage cost and water control effect, but for large water mines with daily water inflow over everywhere, forced drainage clearly increases production cost. In addition, most of rock formations in southwest areas of China are carbonate rocks, and the interior of the rock formations stores abundant karst fracture water, so that water outlet points are dispersed and distributed widely, the water inflow of mines is large, and mine drainage faces the problems of insufficient drainage capacity and high cost. In addition, the current mining engineering surrounding rock of mine to the multi-point water spraying and flushing adopts various grouting methods to block in economy and effect, and the root causes are that the water source is unknown and the hydraulic channel is unclear. The construction difficulty of the field engineering is high, and the working environment of personnel is very poor. Therefore, how to prevent and treat underground karst crevice water becomes a bottleneck problem of 'neck blocking' of safe and efficient production of underground mines in southwest areas, and development of a method for preventing and treating/dredging underground mine karst crevice water is needed. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a drainage method for karst fractured water of an underground mine, which solves the problems of insufficient drainage capacity and high cost caused by large water inflow of the existing mine. In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme that the drainage method of underground mine karst crevice water is characterized by comprising the following steps: s1, draining water through water guide holes, namely drilling a plurality of water guide holes along the radial direction of the section at the water outlet position of surrounding rock of a roadway, arranging water guide hoses in the water guide hol