CN-116771292-B - Drilling and well killing method for marine blowout out-of-control marine riser

CN116771292BCN 116771292 BCN116771292 BCN 116771292BCN-116771292-B

Abstract

The invention discloses a drilling and well-killing method for a marine blowout out-of-control marine riser, which comprises the following steps of establishing a working surface by building a scaffold, positioning a crane ship, a working ship and a daemon in advance before the operation, arranging casing pipe perforating equipment, a high-pressure pump, fire-fighting and protection tools on the working ship or a wellhead area before the perforation operation, selecting the perforation position and the perforation number, pre-installing a marine riser backboard before the perforation of an outer marine riser, sequentially drilling the marine riser, a technical casing pipe and a production casing pipe, confirming whether annular spaces of all layers are safe or not layer by layer, drilling to find overflow, rapidly tightening the backboard, and carrying out well-killing operation by adopting heavy brine, barite slurry and undispersed cement slurry. Aiming at the condition that the ocean platform is out of control in drilling or production well blowout, the invention provides the method for tightly deploying each link in emergency rescue, rapidly plugging the outer layer of the marine riser, communicating the well killing manifold with the inner well shaft, smoothly completing the well killing plugging operation of each layer of annulus, and having strong operability, short construction period and less investment of the operation technology.

Inventors

ZHANG XIAOCHENG
LIU JIA
HUO HONGBO
XIE TAO
TAO LIN
LIN JIAYU
WANG XIAOLEI
LIAO QIANHUA
LUO LIMIN
SUN LIANPO

Assignees

中海石油（中国）有限公司天津分公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20230616

Claims (7)

1. A marine blowout out-of-control riser perforation well killing method is characterized by comprising the following steps, S1, preparing before tapping operation; S2, selecting the position and the number of the holes according to the type of the shaft; S3, pre-installing a water-proof pipe back plate on the outer wall of the water-proof pipe, installing a casing pipe perforating device, pre-installing the water-proof pipe back plate on the outer wall of the water-proof pipe through bolts before perforating the outer water-proof pipe, wherein the water-proof pipe back plate consists of a bandage, a fastening system and a sealing pipeline connecting device, so that the outer water-proof pipe can be rapidly plugged after a casing pipe drilling machine drills through an annular space A, an annular space B and an annular space C, and a well killing manifold and an internal shaft are communicated, and well killing and throttling effects are realized; S4, carrying out perforating operation, namely confirming whether annular space of each layer is safe layer by layer, wherein in the S4, operators and equipment are distributed in the upwind direction, after drilling through the water isolation pipe and the surface casing pipe to enter the annular space B, stopping drilling and retracting for checking, confirming the annular space B is safe, and then carrying out annular space C perforating operation; s5, when the annular space is overflowed, the back plate is assembled, the well cementation pipeline is connected, well killing operation is implemented, the S5 comprises the following steps, S51, filling weighted brine into the annular space of the oil sleeve from the position of the opening hole to balance the pressure in the well; S52, increasing the specific gravity of the weighted brine to 1.3, if the oil spill has a decreasing trend, continuing pumping, and if the oil spill does not have a decreasing trend, increasing the specific gravity of the weighted brine to 1.5, and stabilizing the overflow pressure in the well; S53, pumping barite slurry after pressure stabilization, and naturally settling to form bridge plug plugging, so as to ensure plugging oil gas channeling; and S54, if the barite plug cannot control overflow, injecting cement to form a solid-state plug.
2. The method for drilling and killing a marine riser out of control according to claim 1, wherein S1 comprises the following steps, S11, building a scaffold and building a working surface; S12, positioning a crane ship, a working ship and a daemon according to the platform structure, the notch area position and the construction arrangement; s13, before tapping operation, placing large-scale equipment, operation tools and fire protection tools related to the operation on a wellhead area or an operation ship; And S14, connecting all pipelines and performing test operation on the equipment, and installing sleeve perforated power end equipment.
3. A marine blowout control riser perforating and killing method as recited in claim 2 wherein in S11 the scaffolding is laid above 3m of water surface due to tidal effects, the working face is created below 6m of cableway, the scaffolding is more than 500kg, the scaffolding comprises a bottom working face and a top protective layer.
4. A marine blowout runaway riser perforating and killing method as set forth in claim 2 or 3, wherein in S13, the large equipment involved in operation comprises a casing perforating equipment power source, a fire-fighting power source and a high-pressure pump, the operation tool and the fire-fighting protection tool comprise casing perforating tool holders, various pipelines, auxiliary tools, fire-fighting tools and protection tools, and the wellhead area is further provided with gas monitoring equipment, wind vanes, mobile illumination, fire-fighting pipeline monitoring equipment, fire-fighting pipeline protection equipment and fire-fighting pipeline tools.
5. A marine blowout control method for a marine riser perforating and killing method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein in the step S2, an observation hole and two operation holes are formed in the marine riser when the blowout control of a single-barrel double well is performed, and an observation hole and an operation hole are formed in the marine riser when the blowout control of the single-barrel single well is performed.
6. The method for drilling and killing marine riser out of control according to claim 5, wherein in the step S2, the observation hole is drilled first and then the working hole is drilled when the marine riser out of control is drilled, wherein the height of the drilling hole is between 0.8m and 1.7m above the working surface.
7. The method for perforating and killing the marine riser out of control according to claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that when the annular space C is free of cement, the annular space C is filled with cement to be sealed, and then the annular space A is drilled through.

Description

Drilling and well killing method for marine blowout out-of-control marine riser Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of marine petroleum drilling well control, and particularly relates to a drilling well control method for a marine blowout uncontrolled marine riser. Background The deep development of energy resources is a key problem in the current energy technology development stage. In the process of developing ocean oil and gas resources, development strength of the oil and gas resources can be effectively guaranteed through offshore drilling. In the construction condition of well drilling, the well drilling is influenced by the marine complex environment condition, and if blowout accidents occur, the well drilling not only can harm the safety of workers, but also can cause subversion disasters for the marine environment. In reality, the out-of-control condition of marine drilling blowout is rare, the conventional blowout treatment mode is mainly realized by a relief well and wellhead reconstruction technology, wherein the relief well technology needs to be communicated with an accident well and a relief well, well killing operation is carried out again, the well communication often needs to be carried out into a strong magnetic guiding tool in the accident well, the operation difficulty is high, and the domestic technology is not mature. After the blowout is out of control and fires in the land oil field, emergency personnel are often organized, a wellhead reconstruction technology is adopted, an old wellhead is utilized for disassembling and assembling a flange plate, and a wellhead blowout preventer is reinstalled, so that the situation of blowout control and fire control of a well is realized. Because the wellhead reconstruction technology needs to use large-scale long-arm hoisting equipment to install the wellhead, the offshore platform is influenced by factors such as area, deck height, avoidance and the like, the large-scale hoisting equipment cannot be used, and the conventional wellhead reconstruction technology cannot be realized, so that a new solution is required for the out-of-control emergency rescue scheme of marine blowout. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to solve the problem of out-of-control emergency rescue technology for the well blowout of an ocean platform, in particular to a perforation well-killing method for a marine out-of-control marine riser, which aims to solve the problem of out-of-control well blowout of the ocean platform in a well drilling or production well. In order to solve the technical problems, the technical proposal adopted by the invention is that the marine blowout out-of-control riser perforation well killing method comprises the following steps, S1, preparing before tapping operation; S2, selecting the position and the number of the holes according to the type of the shaft; S3, pre-mounting the back plate of the water isolation pipe on the outer pipe wall of the water isolation pipe; s4, carrying out perforating operation, and confirming whether annular space of each layer is safe layer by layer; And S5, when the annular space is overflowed, the back plate is assembled, the well cementation pipeline is connected, and well killing operation is implemented. Further, the step S1 comprises the following steps, S11, building a scaffold and building a working surface; S12, positioning a crane ship, a working ship and a daemon according to the platform structure, the notch area position and the construction arrangement; s13, before tapping operation, placing large-scale equipment, operation tools and fire protection tools related to the operation on a wellhead area or an operation ship; And S14, connecting all pipelines and performing test operation on the equipment, and installing sleeve perforated power end equipment. Further, in S11, the scaffold is laid above the water surface 3m and the working surface is created below the cableway 6m due to tidal influence, the scaffold is loaded with more than 500kg, and the scaffold comprises a bottom working surface and a top protective layer. Further, in S13, the large-scale equipment related to the operation is placed on the operation ship, the large-scale equipment related to the operation includes a power source of the casing pipe tapping equipment, a fire-fighting power pump and a high-pressure pump, the operation tool and a fire-fighting protection tool are placed in the wellhead area, the operation tool and the fire-fighting protection tool include a casing pipe tapping tool rest, various pipelines, auxiliary tools, fire-fighting protection tools, and the wellhead area is further provided with a gas monitoring device, a wind vane, mobile lighting, a fire-fighting pipeline monitoring device, a fire-fighting pipeline protection device and a fire-fighting pipeline tool. Further, in the step S2, when the blowout of the single-cylinder double well is controlled, an observation hole and two