CN-116814285-B - Pyrolysis gas treatment system and method

CN116814285BCN 116814285 BCN116814285 BCN 116814285BCN-116814285-B

Abstract

The invention provides a pyrolysis gas treatment system and a pyrolysis gas treatment method, wherein the pyrolysis gas treatment system comprises a pyrolysis furnace, a dust removing device and a hot blast furnace, the dust removing device comprises a cyclone dust remover for removing large-particle-size dust with the particle size of more than 10 mu m in pyrolysis gas, the dust removing device further comprises a terminal dust remover arranged between the cyclone dust remover and the hot blast furnace and used for removing residual small-particle-size dust in pyrolysis gas, the terminal dust remover comprises a terminal cylinder, a sealing cover, a sealing plate and a metal microporous membrane filter bag, the terminal cylinder is provided with a terminal inlet for entering pyrolysis gas after pre-dedusting treatment, a terminal dust outlet for flowing out small-particle-size dust and a terminal outlet for flowing out heating pyrolysis gas, the sealing cover is used for sealing the terminal outlet and is connected with the hot blast furnace through a pipeline, the sealing plate is clamped by the terminal cylinder and the sealing cover, the metal microporous membrane filter bag is detachably suspended in the terminal cylinder, and a dust baffle plate is arranged on the inner side wall of the terminal cylinder and is positioned between the terminal inlet and the metal microporous membrane filter bag. The invention ensures that small-particle-size dust smaller than 10 mu m in pyrolysis gas can be efficiently separated and treated.

Inventors

RONG QIYING
CHEN YONG
LI JIANGHUA
XI MINGXING
FANG QIANBAO
WANG QI

Assignees

江西龙正科技发展有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20230724

Claims (7)

1. The pyrolysis gas treatment system comprises a pyrolysis furnace, a dust removal device and a hot blast furnace, wherein pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis of living garbage in the pyrolysis furnace is subjected to dust removal treatment by the dust removal device and then is introduced into the hot blast furnace for combustion, and hot gas generated by combustion is introduced into the pyrolysis furnace to provide the temperature required by pyrolysis reaction; The dust removing device comprises a cyclone dust remover, wherein the cyclone dust remover is used for removing large-particle-size dust with the particle size of more than 10 mu m in pyrolysis gas, and is provided with a pre-inlet for entering the pyrolysis gas, a pre-dust outlet for flowing out the large-particle-size dust and a pre-outlet for flowing out the pyrolysis gas; The device is characterized by further comprising a terminal dust remover arranged between the cyclone dust remover and the hot blast stove and used for removing residual small-particle-size dust in pyrolysis gas, wherein the terminal dust remover comprises: The terminal cylinder is provided with a terminal inlet for the pyrolysis gas after the pre-dedusting treatment to enter, a terminal dust outlet for the small-particle-size dust to flow out and a terminal outlet for the heating pyrolysis gas to flow out, wherein the terminal dust outlet and the terminal outlet are respectively positioned at the bottom and the top of the terminal cylinder, and the terminal inlet is positioned on the side wall of the terminal cylinder; the sealing cover is detachably arranged at the top of the terminal cylinder and is connected with the hot blast stove through a pipeline; A closing plate clamped and fixed by the terminal cylinder and the closing cover; The metal microporous membrane filter bag movably penetrates through the sealing plate, and the top of the metal microporous membrane filter bag is detachably connected with the sealing plate, so that the metal microporous membrane filter bag is suspended in the terminal cylinder along the axial direction of the terminal cylinder; The dust plate is arranged on the inner side wall of the terminal cylinder and is positioned between the terminal inlet and the metal microporous membrane filter bag, the dust plate is arranged along the axial direction of the terminal cylinder, the upper parts of the two ends of the dust plate are connected with the inner wall of the terminal cylinder through connecting plates, the terminal inlet corresponds to the upper part of the dust plate, the connecting plates are provided with air outlet grooves in a penetrating way, and the lower parts of the dust plate are provided with a plurality of air outlet holes in a penetrating way; The middle part of the dust baffle is bent towards the direction close to the terminal cylinder to form an arc-shaped groove matched with the outer side wall of the metal microporous membrane filter bag, so that pyrolysis gas passing through the air outlet opening is impacted towards the outer side wall of the metal microporous membrane filter bag along the radial direction of the metal microporous membrane filter bag, and meanwhile, the space volume formed between the dust baffle and the terminal cylinder is reduced; The both ends of dust board are buckled towards the direction that is close to the terminal drum to form the flanging, the connecting plate is connected with the upper portion of flanging.
2. The pyrolysis gas processing system according to claim 1, wherein the center of the sealing plate is penetrated and provided with a mounting hole, the top of the sealing plate is provided with a sleeved annular plate surrounding the mounting hole, the sleeved annular plate is provided with a circular slot, the top of the metal microporous membrane filter bag is provided with a limiting ring, and the limiting ring is detachably arranged in the circular slot.
3. The pyrolysis gas treatment system according to claim 2 wherein the nested loop plates are detachably suspended with a support framework positioned inside the metal microporous membrane filter bags to avoid deformation of the metal microporous membrane filter bags due to impact of the air flow.
4. The pyrolysis gas treatment system according to claim 3, wherein a plurality of clamping grooves are uniformly formed in the top of the sleeved annular plate along the circumferential direction, the clamping grooves are radially formed in the sleeved annular plate, a plurality of outward turning rods are uniformly arranged in the top of the supporting framework, and the outward turning rods are clamped into the clamping grooves.
5. The pyrolysis gas processing system according to claim 1, wherein the pre-inlet is connected with the pyrolysis gas outlet of the pyrolysis furnace through a pre-inlet pipe, the pre-inlet pipe comprises an air inlet pipe connected with the pre-inlet, an air inlet straight pipe section connected with the other end of the air inlet pipe, a small round pipe section connected with the pyrolysis gas outlet of the pyrolysis furnace, a connecting cone pipe section connected with the other end of the small round pipe section, and a large round pipe section connected with the other end of the connecting cone pipe section, the air inlet straight pipe section is equal to the caliber of the large round pipe section, sleeve sleeves are detachably sleeved outside the air inlet straight pipe section and the large round pipe section and fastened through pipe hoops so that the air inlet straight pipe section and the large round pipe section are connected, the caliber of the air inlet pipe increases from one end connected with the air inlet straight pipe section to one end connected with the pre-inlet, and the caliber of the connecting cone pipe section increases from one end connected with the small round pipe section to one end connected with the large round pipe section.
6. A method of treating pyrolysis gas, characterized in that the pyrolysis gas is treated with a pyrolysis gas treatment system according to any one of claims 1-5.
7. The pyrolysis gas treatment process according to claim 6 comprising the following: The household garbage after the crushing and drying treatment is put into a pyrolysis furnace for pyrolysis treatment, pyrolysis gas is generated, the pyrolysis gas flows into a cyclone dust collector through a pre-inlet for pre-dedusting treatment, large-particle-size dust with the particle size of more than 10 mu m flows out through a pre-dust outlet, and then the pyrolysis gas flows out through the pre-outlet; The pyrolysis gas flows into the terminal cylinder through the terminal inlet, directly collides with the upper part of the dust plate, and after collision, the pyrolysis gas disperses and flows, one part of the pyrolysis gas passes through the air outlet slot and is divided into two opposite flows around the metal microporous membrane filter bag, one part of pyrolysis gas passes through the air outlet hole and flows towards the direction of impacting the metal microporous membrane filter bag, and the other part of pyrolysis gas passes through the air outlet hole and flows downwards until the pyrolysis gas passes through the bottom of the dust plate and upwards wraps the metal microporous membrane filter bag; the residual small-particle-size dust smaller than 10 mu m in the pyrolysis gas is blocked outside by the metal microporous membrane filter bag, flows out through the terminal dust outlet, enters the pyrolysis gas in the metal microporous membrane filter bag, finally flows out through the terminal outlet, flows into the hot blast stove for combustion, and hot gas generated by combustion is supplied to the pyrolysis furnace.

Description

Pyrolysis gas treatment system and method Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of garbage treatment, in particular to a pyrolysis gas treatment system and a pyrolysis gas treatment method. Background There are various ways of disposing solid waste, such as landfill, composting, incineration, pyrolysis and gasification. Which treatment is selected depends on a variety of factors such as the source and type of solid waste, the equipment and location where the waste is treated, etc. In the past, solid waste is usually stored in an open-air refuse dump and then burned in the open air, and hazardous waste from industry is often disposed of together with municipal refuse in the open-air refuse dump or landfill. Landfill can create various environmental problems including pollution of land and ground water, emission of toxic gases and greenhouse gases, increased numbers of flies and mosquitoes for various diseases, and the like. The urban steps of China are increasingly accelerated, a large amount of solid waste is generated in the process, and serious influence is caused on the environment. Pyrolysis is a way of currently treating solid waste, and is a thermal decomposition process of organic matters in an anaerobic environment, so as to obtain energy products such as pyrolysis oil, biochar, pyrolysis gas and the like. The gaseous products produced by pyrolysis contain combustible components such as hydrogen (H 2), carbon monoxide (CO) and methane (CH 4), discarding these low heating value gases not only loses a lot of energy, but also the CO gas can pollute the earth's environment. Therefore, the energy utilization of the pyrolysis gas of the organic solid waste has very important significance. The prior Chinese patent with publication number CN108913173A discloses a method and a system for recycling pyrolysis gas oil, which are characterized in that waste is sent into a pyrolysis furnace through a conveying device, pyrolysis is carried out in the pyrolysis furnace, part of pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis is sent back to a combustion chamber after oil recycling treatment, and part of pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis is directly sent into the combustion chamber, and the temperature of the combustion chamber is controlled within a preset range by adjusting the proportion of the pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis to be sent into oil removal treatment and directly sent into the combustion chamber. The system is particularly suitable for waste pyrolysis treatment scenes in which pyrolysis gas contains a large amount of tar, the pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis is directly used as a heat source for combustion and heat supply, redundant tar in the pyrolysis gas is recovered through two-stage oil condensation, oil in the pyrolysis gas can be recovered and reused as much as possible, byproducts of pyrolysis treatment are increased, and the system has great economic benefit. However, the pyrolysis gas composition is complex, and contains normal-temperature non-condensable gas (CH 4、H2, CO, etc.), tar vapor, water vapor and dust. According to the technical scheme, the tar is fully recycled, and in the aspect of dust removal, the dust in pyrolysis gas has smaller particle size and wider distribution range, so that the cyclone dust remover commonly used in the prior art has higher dust removal efficiency on the dust with the large particle size of more than 10 mu m in the pyrolysis gas, and the dust with the smaller particle size is difficult to separate efficiently by adopting the cyclone dust remover. Disclosure of Invention In view of the above, the invention provides a pyrolysis gas treatment system and a pyrolysis gas treatment method, which are used for solving the technical problem that dust with smaller particle size smaller than 10 μm in pyrolysis gas is difficult to separate efficiently in the prior art. In order to solve the above problems, the pyrolysis gas treatment system provided in the first aspect of the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: The pyrolysis gas treatment system comprises a pyrolysis furnace, a dust removal device and a hot blast furnace, wherein pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis of living garbage in the pyrolysis furnace is subjected to dust removal treatment by the dust removal device and then is introduced into the hot blast furnace for combustion, and hot gas generated by combustion is introduced into the pyrolysis furnace to provide the temperature required by pyrolysis reaction; The dust removing device comprises a cyclone dust remover, wherein the cyclone dust remover is used for carrying out pre-dust removing treatment on pyrolysis gas so as to remove large-particle-size dust with the particle size of more than 10 mu m in the pyrolysis gas, and the cyclone dust remover is provided with a pre-inlet for entering the pyrolysis gas, a pre-dust outlet for flowing out the large-particle-size dust and a pre-outlet for flowing out the