CN-116844743-B - Passive containment cooling system and reactor system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of nuclear power, and provides a passive containment cooling system and a reactor system, wherein the passive containment cooling system comprises a storage box body, a heat exchanger and a cooling water pipeline; the heat exchanger is arranged in the containment, the heat exchanger comprises a first state and a second state, the cooling water pipeline is communicated with the storage tank and the heat exchanger to form a heat exchange circulation loop, inorganic salt is filled in the heat exchanger in the first state, and the cooling water and the inorganic salt hydrate inorganic salt solution are filled in the heat exchanger in the second state. According to the invention, the inorganic salt heat storage and natural circulation cooling are combined, so that the full-cycle efficient cooling of the containment passive cooler is realized, the problem of cooling a short plate in the initial stage of starting the transmission passive cooler is solved, and the integrity of the last safety barrier of the reactor system is improved.

Inventors

• YANG XIAOHU
• ZHAO ZHENXING
• LAO XINGSHENG
• Wu Muyun
• ZHENG ZHAOLI
• MA CAN
• CHEN KAI
• ZHANG KELONG
• LI SHAODAN
• KE ZHIWU
• LIU YONG
• KE HANBING
• DAI LU
• LIN YUANSHENG
• LV WEIJIAN

Assignees

• 中国船舶集团有限公司第七一九研究所

Dates

Publication Date

20260512

Application Date

20230524

Claims (8)

1. 1. A passive containment cooling system, comprising: the storage box body is suitable for being arranged outside the containment and used for storing cooling water; the heat exchanger is arranged in the containment, and comprises a first state and a second state; a cooling water pipeline which is communicated with the storage box body and the heat exchanger to form a heat exchange circulation loop; In the second state, the heat exchanger is filled with the cooling water and inorganic salt solution hydrate, and the inorganic salt solution hydrate is used as a cooling medium in a subsequent natural circulation process; the inlet of the storage box body is higher than the outlet of the storage box body along the height direction of the storage box body, and the outlet of the heat exchanger is higher than the inlet of the heat exchanger along the height direction of the containment.
2. 2. The passive containment cooling system of claim 1, further comprising: the control valve is arranged on the cooling water pipeline; the detection device is arranged in the containment and is connected with the control valve; With the control valve closed, the heat exchanger is in the first state; and under the condition that the control valve is opened, the heat exchanger is gradually changed from the first state to the second state.
3. 3. The passive containment cooling system of claim 2 wherein, The cooling water pipeline comprises a first pipeline and a second pipeline; One end of the first pipeline is connected with the outlet of the storage box body, and the other end of the first pipeline is connected with the inlet of the heat exchanger; the control valve comprises a first valve body and a second valve body; the first valve body is arranged on the first pipeline, and the second valve body is arranged on the second pipeline; The first valve body and the second valve body are both connected with the detection device.
4. 4. The passive containment cooling system of claim 2 wherein, The detection device comprises a temperature detector; The temperature detector is connected with the control valve.
5. 5. The passive containment cooling system of claim 4 wherein, The detection device also comprises a pressure detector; the pressure detector is connected with the control valve.
6. 6. The passive containment cooling system of claim 1 wherein, The heat exchangers are arranged in a plurality, and the heat exchangers are respectively connected with the storage box body.
7. 7. The passive containment cooling system of claim 1 wherein, The inorganic salt is potassium nitrate.
8. 8. A reactor system comprising a containment and the passive containment cooling system of any one of claims 1 to 7.

Description

Passive containment cooling system and reactor system Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of nuclear power, in particular to a passive containment cooling system and a reactor system. Background In pressurized water reactors, when a coolant pipeline breaks down, a large amount of high-energy coolant is released from the pipeline and enters a reactor containment, so that the pressure and the temperature in the containment are rapidly increased, the pressure boundary safety of the containment is threatened, meanwhile, the coolant contains radioactive substances, once the containment is broken down, the radioactive substances leak, and serious nuclear safety accidents are caused. To solve the problem, a natural circulation cooling heat exchanger is arranged in the containment, and under the action of temperature difference, water in a large water tank outside the containment and the heat exchanger in the containment perform natural circulation flow heat exchange to take away heat in the containment. The technical scheme has the following problems that after a break accident occurs in a coolant pipeline, the temperature and the pressure in a containment rapidly rise and reach a peak value, a safety boundary is severely threatened, a natural circulation cooler is in a starting stage at the moment, the internal flowing heat transfer of the natural circulation cooler is severely fluctuated under huge thermal shock, the problem of unstable flow is quite obvious, and the cooling capacity of the cooler in the containment at the initial stage of the accident is seriously affected. Disclosure of Invention The invention provides a passive containment cooling system and a reactor system, which are used for solving the defects of unstable flow and poor cooling capacity of a natural circulation cooler in the early stage of a break accident of a coolant pipeline in the prior art and realizing efficient cooling of the containment in the early stage of the break accident. The invention provides a passive containment cooling system which comprises a storage box body, a heat exchanger and a cooling water pipeline, wherein the storage box body is suitable for being arranged outside a containment and used for storing cooling water, the heat exchanger is arranged in the containment and comprises a first state and a second state, the cooling water pipeline is communicated with the storage box body and the heat exchanger to form a heat exchange circulation loop, inorganic salt is filled in the heat exchanger in the first state, and a hydrated inorganic salt solution of the cooling water and the inorganic salt is arranged in the heat exchanger in the second state. The passive containment cooling system provided by the invention further comprises a control valve and a detection device, wherein the control valve is arranged in the cooling water pipeline, the detection device is arranged in the containment and connected with the control valve, the heat exchanger is in the first state under the condition that the control valve is closed, and the heat exchanger is gradually changed from the first state to the second state under the condition that the control valve is opened. The passive containment cooling system comprises a first pipeline and a second pipeline, wherein one end of the first pipeline is connected with an outlet of a storage box body, the other end of the first pipeline is connected with an inlet of a heat exchanger, one end of the second pipeline is connected with an outlet of the heat exchanger, the other end of the second pipeline is connected with an inlet of the storage box body, the control valve comprises a first valve body and a second valve body, the first valve body is arranged on the first pipeline, the second valve body is arranged on the second pipeline, and the first valve body and the second valve body are both connected with the detection device. According to the passive containment cooling system provided by the invention, the detection device comprises a temperature detector, and the temperature detector is connected with the control valve. According to the passive containment cooling system provided by the invention, the detection device further comprises a pressure detector, and the pressure detector is connected with the control valve. According to the passive containment cooling system provided by the invention, a plurality of heat exchangers are arranged and are respectively connected with the storage box body. According to the passive containment cooling system provided by the invention, the inorganic salt is potassium nitrate. According to the passive containment cooling system provided by the invention, the inlet of the storage box body is higher than the outlet of the storage box body along the height direction of the storage box body. According to the passive containment cooling system provided by the invention, the outlet of the heat exchanger is higher than the inlet of