CN-116857017-B - Ceramic matrix composite blisk and improvement method

CN116857017BCN 116857017 BCN116857017 BCN 116857017BCN-116857017-B

Abstract

The invention provides an improvement method of a ceramic matrix composite blisk, which comprises the steps of preparing a fiber preform according to the distribution density of blades and the sectional shape of the shapes of the blades, obtaining a first blisk according to the fiber preform, and arranging claw-type bosses on the surface of a disk in the first blisk to obtain a target blisk, wherein the blisk comprises a disk, N blades and claw-type bosses, and the disk and the claw-type bosses are both prepared from a ceramic matrix composite. According to the ceramic matrix composite blisk obtained by the fiber preform, the bearing capacity of the blisk at the wheel center and the blade root part can be greatly improved, and meanwhile, the processing difficulty and period are reduced. Meanwhile, as the claw-shaped boss is arranged on the surface of the wheel disc, the wheel disc is effectively prevented from being damaged by extrusion after the shaft is deformed, and the effective force and torque transmission between the blisk and the shaft is realized.

Inventors

ZENG YUQI
LUO XIAO
LI JIAN
WANG WENJUN
LI MIN
GUO XIAOJUN
XU YOULIANG

Assignees

中国航发湖南动力机械研究所

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20230627

Claims (8)

1. An improved method of ceramic matrix composite blisks, comprising: Preparing a fiber preform according to the distribution density of the blades and the sectional shape of the blade profile of the blades; Obtaining a first blisk from the fibrous preform; a claw-shaped boss is arranged on the surface of the wheel disc in the first blisk to obtain a target blisk; The blisk comprises a wheel disc, N blades and claw-shaped bosses, wherein the wheel disc and the claw-shaped bosses are both made of ceramic matrix composite materials; The claw-shaped boss comprises a fan-shaped transition section and an annular boss section, wherein the fan-shaped transition section and the annular boss section are formed by a plurality of arc-shaped boss sections; The arc-shaped boss sections are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the wheel disc, and the width of the arc-shaped boss sections increases along with the increase of the radius of the wheel disc; The target blisk further comprises a circular metal clip prepared according to the claw-shaped boss, wherein the claw-shaped boss is embedded in the circular metal clip.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein preparing the fiber preform based on the blade profile density and the blade profile cross-sectional shape of the blade comprises: according to the blade distribution density, a plurality of blade polarity local enhancement woven fabrics are obtained; and preparing a fiber preform according to the polar local reinforced woven cloth of the plurality of blades and the sectional shape of the blade profile.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein obtaining a polar localized reinforcing braid for each leaf comprises: Establishing a polar coordinate system on a horizontal plane where the wheel disc is located; radial fiber bundles are arranged in the radial direction of the wheel disc; After circumferential fiber bundles are arranged in the circumferential direction of the wheel disc, the polar local reinforced woven cloth of each blade is obtained.
4. A method according to claim 3, wherein arranging radial fiber bundles in the radial direction of the roulette wheel comprises: Uniformly fixing N first fiber bundles in the radial direction of the wheel disc; A plurality of second fiber bundles are uniformly arranged between any two first fiber bundles.
5. A method according to claim 3, wherein obtaining a locally reinforced weave of each blade polarity by arranging circumferential fibre bundles in the circumferential direction of the wheel disc comprises: and (3) inserting radial fibers along the circumferential direction of the wheel disc by using the circumferential fiber bundles until the weaving size of the circumferential fibers reaches the outer diameter of the wheel disc, so as to obtain the polar local reinforced woven cloth of each blade.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein the ratio of reinforcing fiber filament content in the first fiber bundle to the second fiber bundle is 2:1.
7. The method of claim 2, wherein preparing a fiber preform from the plurality of blade polar locally reinforced braided fabrics and the blade profile cross-sectional shape comprises: determining the number of the partial reinforced braided fabrics with the polarities of the plurality of blades; according to the number and the sectional shape of the blade profile, determining the circumferential deflection angle of each blade polarity local reinforced woven cloth; and paving and arranging the polar local enhancement woven fabrics of each blade according to the circumferential deflection angle, and sewing the polar local enhancement woven fabrics of all the blades to obtain a fiber preform.
8. The blisk made by the method of any one of claims 1-7, comprising a disk, N blades, and a claw-shaped boss, both of which are made of a ceramic matrix composite, wherein the claw-shaped boss is disposed on a surface of the disk.

Description

Ceramic matrix composite blisk and improvement method Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of blisks, in particular to a ceramic matrix composite blisk and an improvement method. Background The blisk is a novel structural member designed for meeting the requirements of high-performance aeroengines, and integrates the engine rotor blades and the wheel disc, so that tenons, mortises, locking devices and the like in traditional connection are omitted, the structural weight and the number of parts are reduced, the tenon air flow loss is avoided, the pneumatic efficiency is improved, and the engine structure is greatly simplified. The conventional ceramic matrix composite integral turbine blade disc structure has less research and preparation experience, is mainly prepared by a ceramic matrix composite orthogonal plain weaving process, and the wheel center and the blade root part are obtained by machining a casing, so that the problem of insufficient local position strength is easy to occur, and the machining difficulty is high. Because the hardness of the ceramic matrix composite is increased, the abrasion to a processing cutter is large in the process of processing the disc body structure and the blade profile, the processing precision of complex profiles such as the blade profile cannot be ensured, and the loss of the ceramic matrix composite is large. Meanwhile, in the preparation process of the orthotropic fiber preform, the structure and the stress characteristics of the blisk are not considered, the damage to local fibers can be caused while the complex molded surface is processed, and the fibers are main bearing components of the ceramic matrix composite material, so that the finally obtained blisk has insufficient continuous bearing fibers at key positions such as the wheel center, the blade root and the like, the performance advantages of the ceramic matrix composite material are not exerted, and the strength of the blisk is limited. Meanwhile, the force and torque transmission problem of the ceramic matrix composite blisk and the metal shaft is solved, the force and torque transmission scheme of the original metal rim plate and the metal shaft comprises structures such as interference fit and splines, but if the spline structure in the metal rim plate scheme is adopted, the machining difficulty is high and the size of the rim plate is limited, and if the interference fit scheme in the metal rim plate scheme is adopted, the deformation of the metal shaft in a high-temperature environment is larger than that of the ceramic matrix composite rim plate, and the rim plate is damaged in advance due to the fact that the rim plate is extruded. Therefore, the common matching mode of the metal disc shaft cannot be adopted in the connection scheme of the ceramic matrix composite blisk and the metal shaft. Thus, improving ceramic matrix composite blisks is a current need for a solution. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a ceramic matrix composite blisk and an improved method, which solve the technical problems. In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an improved method of ceramic matrix composite blisks, comprising: Preparing a fiber preform according to the distribution density of the blades and the sectional shape of the blade profile of the blades; Obtaining a first blisk from the fibrous preform; a claw-shaped boss is arranged on the surface of the wheel disc in the first blisk to obtain a target blisk; The blisk comprises a wheel disc, N blades and claw-shaped bosses, wherein the wheel disc and the claw-shaped bosses are made of ceramic matrix composite materials. Optionally, preparing a fiber preform according to the blade distribution density and the blade profile cross-sectional shape of the blade, including: according to the blade distribution density, a plurality of blade polarity local enhancement woven fabrics are obtained; and preparing a fiber preform according to the polar local reinforced woven cloth of the plurality of blades and the sectional shape of the blade profile. Optionally, obtaining a polar locally enhanced knitted fabric for each blade includes: Establishing a polar coordinate system on a horizontal plane where the wheel disc is located; radial fiber bundles are arranged in the radial direction of the wheel disc; After circumferential fiber bundles are arranged in the circumferential direction of the wheel disc, the polar local reinforced woven cloth of each blade is obtained. Optionally, disposing a radial fiber bundle in a radial direction of the disk includes: Uniformly fixing N first fiber bundles in the radial direction of the wheel disc; A plurality of second fiber bundles are uniformly arranged between any two first fiber bundles. Optionally, after arranging the circumferential fiber bundles in the circumferential direction of the wheel disc, a polar local reinforced woven fabric of each blade is obtained, i