CN-116867688-B - Impact absorbing device

Abstract

The present invention includes a first impact absorbing member that is provided between a frame forming a framework of a vehicle and an outer structure that is located outside the frame in the vehicle, the first impact absorbing member being provided so as to be deformed preferentially to the frame in an impacted condition in which the outer structure is displaced or deformed to the frame side by an impact load to the outer structure, a second impact absorbing member that is provided between the frame and the outer structure, and a switching unit that can switch an installation state of the second impact absorbing member between a first installation state in which the second impact absorbing member is prevented from the impact load in the impacted condition and a second installation state in which the second impact absorbing member is deformed together with the first impact absorbing member by receiving the impact load in the impacted condition.

Inventors

• YAMAZAKI MASAYUKI

Assignees

• 株式会社大赛璐

Dates

Publication Date

20260508

Application Date

20220218

Priority Date

20210224

Claims (10)

1. 1. An impact absorbing device, comprising: A first impact absorbing member provided between a frame forming a skeleton of a vehicle and an outer structure located outside the frame in the vehicle, the first impact absorbing member being provided so as to deform preferentially than the frame in an impacted condition in which the outer structure is displaced or deformed to the frame side due to an impact load on the outer structure; a second impact absorbing member provided between the frame and the outer structure; a switching section capable of switching an installation state of the second impact absorbing member between a first installation state in which the second impact absorbing member avoids the impact load in the impacted condition and a second installation state in which the second impact absorbing member receives the impact load and deforms together with the first impact absorbing member in the impacted condition; A base portion provided to the frame so as to fix the first impact absorbing member; A receiving portion formed by opening in the base portion, the receiving portion receiving the second impact absorbing member in the first installed state in the impacted state, allowing the second impact absorbing member to move toward the frame side, thereby causing the second impact absorbing member to avoid the impact load, and An abutting portion provided on the base portion and abutting against the second shock absorbing member in the second installed state in the impacted state to restrict movement of the second shock absorbing member to the frame side, thereby causing the second shock absorbing member to receive the impact load, The abutment portion is formed as a part of the base portion so as to surround the receiving portion, The switching unit switches between the first setting state and the second setting state by displacing the second shock absorbing member with respect to the receiving unit.
2. 2. An impact absorbing device, comprising: A first impact absorbing member provided between a frame forming a skeleton of a vehicle and an outer structure located outside the frame in the vehicle, the first impact absorbing member being provided so as to deform preferentially than the frame in an impacted condition in which the outer structure is displaced or deformed to the frame side due to an impact load on the outer structure; a second impact absorbing member provided between the frame and the outer structure; a switching section capable of switching an installation state of the second impact absorbing member between a first installation state in which the second impact absorbing member avoids the impact load in the impacted condition and a second installation state in which the second impact absorbing member receives the impact load and deforms together with the first impact absorbing member in the impacted condition; A base portion provided to the frame so as to fix the first impact absorbing member; A receiving portion formed by opening in the base portion, the receiving portion receiving the second impact absorbing member in the first installed state in the impacted state, allowing the second impact absorbing member to move toward the frame side, thereby causing the second impact absorbing member to avoid the impact load, and An abutting portion provided on the base portion and abutting against the second shock absorbing member in the second installed state in the impacted state to restrict movement of the second shock absorbing member to the frame side, thereby causing the second shock absorbing member to receive the impact load, The base portion is formed with a fragile portion that comes into contact with the second impact absorbing member in the first set state in the impacted condition, and breaks by receiving a load of the second impact absorbing member, thereby opening the receiving portion.
3. 3. The impact absorbing device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The second impact absorbing member has a cross section, i.e., a cross section orthogonal to the direction from the outer structure side toward the frame side, an outer shape of which is smaller at the end portion on the frame side than the cross section of the receiving portion, and an end portion on the outer structure side becomes larger at the end portion on the outer structure side than the cross section of the receiving portion as the outer shape becomes larger toward the outer structure side.
4. 4. The impact absorbing device according to claim 2, wherein, The end portion of the second impact absorbing member on the side opposite to the base portion includes an abutting region abutting the fragile portion when the second impact absorbing member is in at least the first installation state in the impacted condition, and a non-abutting region not abutting the base portion.
5. 5. The impact absorbing device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The first impact absorbing member and the second impact absorbing member are each formed in a tubular shape extending from the frame side to the outer structure side, The second impact absorbing member is provided inside the first impact absorbing member.
6. 6. The impact absorbing device according to claim 5, wherein, A protrusion protruding toward the first impact absorbing member is formed on an outer peripheral surface of the second impact absorbing member, The protrusion engages with an inner peripheral surface of the first impact absorbing member, thereby holding the second impact absorbing member to the first impact absorbing member.
7. 7. The impact absorbing device according to claim 6, wherein, The protrusion guides the first impact absorbing member in such a manner that the first impact absorbing member is buckled along the second impact absorbing member when the second impact absorbing member is in the second set state in the impacted condition.
8. 8. The impact absorbing device of claim 1 or 2, wherein, When the second impact absorbing member is in the second installation state in the impacted condition, the first impact absorbing member and the second impact absorbing member are installed such that the timing at which the deformation of the first impact absorbing member starts is different from the timing at which the deformation of the second impact absorbing member starts.
9. 9. The impact absorbing device according to claim 8, wherein, An end portion of the first impact absorbing member on the outer structure side is closer to the outer structure side than an end portion of the second impact absorbing member on the outer structure side.
10. 10. An impact absorbing device, comprising: A first impact absorbing member provided between a frame forming a skeleton of a vehicle and an outer structure located outside the frame in the vehicle, the first impact absorbing member being provided so as to deform preferentially than the frame in an impacted condition in which the outer structure is displaced or deformed to the frame side due to an impact load on the outer structure; a second impact absorbing member provided between the frame and the outer structure; a switching section capable of switching an installation state of the second impact absorbing member between a first installation state in which the second impact absorbing member avoids the impact load in the impacted condition and a second installation state in which the second impact absorbing member receives the impact load and deforms together with the first impact absorbing member in the impacted condition, The second impact absorbing member is connected to the frame at one end portion and extends so that the other end portion is connected to the outer structure, One of a frame-side connecting portion as a connecting portion of the second shock absorbing member and the frame and an outer-side connecting portion as a connecting portion of the second shock absorbing member and the outer structure can be disconnected by the switching portion, When the second impact absorbing member is in the first installation state in the impacted condition, the connection of one of the frame side connection portion and the outside connection portion is released by the switching portion, thereby causing the second impact absorbing member to avoid the impact load, When the second impact absorbing member is in the second installation state in the impacted condition, the connection between the frame side connection portion and the outer side connection portion is maintained, whereby the second impact absorbing member receives the impact load.

Description

Impact absorbing device Technical Field The present invention relates to an impact absorbing device. Background In the past, in a bumper of an automobile, a crush box (also referred to as a cushion box) that is plastically deformable is provided as an impact absorbing device between a frame (also referred to as a frame) forming a skeleton of the vehicle and a bumper beam. When a vehicle collides, the crush boxes are deformed and crushed in the front-rear direction of the vehicle by an impact load, thereby absorbing energy generated by the collision of the vehicle and suppressing deformation of the frame. In connection with this, patent document 1 discloses an adaptive disintegration apparatus of collision energy. The collision energy adaptive disintegrating device disclosed in patent document 1 is configured to disintegrate collision energy by gradually deforming a deforming member by the collision energy. The adaptive disintegration device for collision energy changes the number of pieces of a plate constituting a tapered surface for deforming a deformation member by a driver device, and adjusts the taper of the deformation member, thereby changing the disintegration amount of collision energy. Prior art literature Patent literature Patent document 1 Japanese patent application laid-open No. 2013-5051169 Disclosure of Invention Problems to be solved by the invention Here, in order to protect the occupant more reliably even when the collision energy is large, such as when the vehicle collides at a high speed, it is necessary to absorb a large collision energy. Therefore, the impact absorbing device is preferably high in strength. In this case, the frame deforms together with the impact absorbing device to absorb the impact. On the other hand, in the case of a light collision with a small collision energy, such as a low-speed collision of a vehicle, when the strength of the impact absorbing device is high, a large impact load is required for deformation of the impact absorbing device, and as a result, the impact absorbing device cannot be sufficiently deformed and cannot sufficiently absorb the collision energy. As a result, the frame may be deformed and the impact may be transmitted to the occupant. When the frame is also affected in a light collision, it is not possible to deal with only replacement of the bumper beam and the impact absorbing device, and therefore it is inconvenient from the viewpoint of maintainability (repairability). In addition, in this case, there is also a disadvantage that the vehicle value is lowered if there is a history of the accident. Therefore, in the case where the collision energy is small, it is preferable that the state be adjustable so that the strength of the impact absorbing device becomes small, so that the impact absorbing device is deformed even by the small collision energy. The present disclosure has been made in view of the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to provide a technique capable of changing the strength of an impact absorbing device for absorbing collision energy of a vehicle. Technical proposal In order to solve the above-described problems, the technology of the present disclosure adopts the following configuration. Specifically, the technology of the present disclosure is characterized by comprising a first impact absorbing member that is provided between a frame that forms a skeleton of a vehicle and an outer structure that is located outside the frame in the vehicle, the first impact absorbing member being provided so as to be deformed preferentially than the frame in an impacted condition in which the outer structure is displaced or deformed to the frame side by an impact load on the outer structure, a second impact absorbing member that is provided between the frame and the outer structure, and a switching unit that can switch an installation state of the second impact absorbing member between a first installation state in which the second impact absorbing member avoids the impact load in the impacted condition and a second installation state in which the second impact absorbing member receives the impact load and deforms together with the first impact absorbing member in the impacted condition. The impact absorbing device of the present disclosure can switch the setting state of the second impact absorbing member between the first setting state in which the second impact absorbing member avoids the impact load and the second setting state in which the second impact absorbing member receives the impact load. Thus, the impact absorbing device can switch the strength of the impact load. In this way, in the event of a collision with a large collision energy, the second impact absorbing member is set to the second installation state and deformed together with the first impact absorbing member, whereby the large collision energy can be absorbed. On the other hand, in the case of a light collision with a small collision energy, the secon