CN-116887565-B - Low-energy-consumption cooling system applied to data center

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-energy-consumption cooling system applied to a data center, which comprises an air conditioning box, a natural cooling plate changing group, an electric refrigerating unit and a cooling tower, wherein the air conditioning box, the natural cooling plate changing group and the electric refrigerating unit are connected in series through a chilled water pipeline to form a chilled water system, the cooling tower, the natural cooling plate changing group and the electric refrigerating unit are connected in series through a cooling water pipeline to form a cooling water system, each electric refrigerating machine in the electric refrigerating unit adopts a serial connection mode, and under the condition that the same safety of the chilled water system and an air cooling system of a machine room of the data center is ensured, the operation mode of the low-energy-consumption cooling system applied to the data center only adopts a transition mode and a natural cooling mode. The invention has the advantages of low operation energy consumption, safety, stability, high efficiency, simplified regulation and control and less maintenance workload.

Inventors

• XIE XIAOYUN
• JING YANG
• JIANG YI

Assignees

• 清华大学

Dates

Publication Date

20260505

Application Date

20230621

Claims (7)

1. 1. The low-energy-consumption cooling system for the data center is characterized by comprising an air conditioning box, a natural cooling plate changing group, an electric refrigerating unit and a cooling tower, wherein the air conditioning box, the natural cooling plate changing group and the electric refrigerating unit are connected in series through a chilled water pipeline to form a chilled water system, the cooling tower, the natural cooling plate changing group and the electric refrigerating unit are connected in series through a cooling water pipeline to form a cooling water system, and all electric refrigerating machines in the electric refrigerating unit are connected in series; the chilled water supply temperature design of the chilled water system considers the temperature of a data center machine room, and the chilled water return temperature design of the chilled water system considers the local least adverse working condition in summer to realize partial natural cooling; the chilled water supply temperature and the chilled water return temperature of the chilled water system are designed according to the following method: (1) (2) Wherein, the The chilled water supply temperature of the chilled water system, The temperature of the machine room of the data center, For the heat exchange end difference of the surface cooler of the air conditioning box, For the chilled water return temperature of the chilled water system, The temperature of the cooling water supplied to the cooling tower is, Exchanging groups for the natural cooling plates to exchange heat end difference; When the data center traffic is reduced, the chilled water pump frequency of the chilled water system and the cooling water pump frequency of the cooling water system are reduced, and the chilled water design temperature difference of each electric refrigerator in the electric refrigerating unit is unchanged; when the external temperature changes The low-energy-consumption cooling system applied to the data center is operated in the natural cooling mode, so that If (1) The low-energy-consumption cooling system applied to the data center is operated in the transition mode, and the electric refrigerators with proper numbers are started in the electric refrigerator group according to the sequence from the X-level electric refrigerator to the 1-level electric refrigerator, wherein, And (3) for the water temperature after the natural cooling plates are changed, wherein X is the total number of all the electric refrigerators in the electric refrigerator set, and the 1 st-X electric refrigerators are sequentially arranged in the chilled water pipeline according to the chilled water flow direction.
2. 2. The low energy consumption cooling system for a data center according to claim 1, wherein each of the natural cooling plate changes in the natural cooling plate change group is connected in series or in parallel.
3. 3. The low energy consumption cooling system for a data center of claim 1, wherein said air conditioning units are provided in plurality and said air conditioning units are arranged in parallel on said chilled water line, and said cooling towers are provided in plurality and said cooling towers are arranged in parallel on said chilled water line.
4. 4. The low energy consumption cooling system for a data center according to claim 3, wherein the chilled water line has a first loop network between the electric refrigerator group and the air conditioner box, the chilled water line has a second loop network between the air conditioner box and the natural cooling panel group, a plurality of the air conditioner boxes are connected in parallel between the first loop network and the second loop network, the chilled water line has a third loop network between the electric refrigerator group and the cooling tower, the chilled water line has a fourth loop network between the cooling tower and the natural cooling panel group, and a plurality of the cooling towers are connected in parallel between the third loop network and the fourth loop network.
5. 5. The low energy consumption cooling system for a data center of claim 2, further comprising a fault bypass line for bypassing any faulty natural cooling plate changes in the natural cooling plate change set or/and bypassing any faulty electric refrigerators in the electric refrigerator set when the respective natural cooling plate changes in the natural cooling plate change set are connected in series, and for bypassing any faulty electric refrigerators in the electric refrigerator set when the respective natural cooling plate changes in the natural cooling plate change set are connected in parallel.
6. 6. The low energy consumption cooling system for a data center according to claim 1, wherein when the outside temperature changes, if The number of the electric refrigerators opened in the electric refrigerator set is i, namely an X-stage electric refrigerator and an X-1 stage electric refrigerator, namely an X-i+1 stage electric refrigerator, wherein the temperature drop design value of the chilled water side of the X-i+1 stage electric refrigerator is Then: (3); (4); Wherein, the The temperature drop design value of the X-i+1 stage electric refrigerator is adopted.
7. 7. The low energy consumption cooling system for a data center according to claim 6, wherein the evaporator outlet temperature of each electric refrigerator is set to be the i-th stage electric refrigerator evaporator outlet temperature , (5) ; When the actual outlet water temperature of the evaporator of the ith-stage electric refrigerator is lower than or equal to The i-th stage electric refrigerator is not turned on.

Description

Low-energy-consumption cooling system applied to data center Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of energy conservation, in particular to a low-energy-consumption cooling system applied to a data center. Background With the acceleration of the process of digitalization and intelligence of society, the demands for data communication, operation and storage are increasing, and the scale and the electricity consumption of a data center are rapidly increasing. The electricity consumption of the data center is finally converted into heat, the heat removal capacity is mainly influenced by the energy consumption of the server, the relation between the heat removal capacity and the outdoor temperature (namely the external temperature) is small, the working temperature of the server is high, and no humidity is generated. Existing data center air conditioning schemes mainly comprise a water cooling system, a DX direct expansion system, a direct evaporative cooling system, an indirect evaporative cooling system and the like, and can be roughly divided into a water cooling system and an air cooling system. The air cooling system takes air as a main transmission and distribution medium, the energy consumption of a single transmission and distribution ring is high, the heat exchange coefficient of the air side is low, and the natural cooling time is short, but the air cooling system has the advantages of less transmission and distribution links, modularized design, factory prefabrication integration and short construction period. Compared with an air cooling system, the water cooling system has the advantages that the transmission and distribution process is added, the energy consumption of a single transmission and distribution link is low, the natural cooling time is long, the construction period is long, and the initial cost is high. In theory, the operation energy consumption of the water cooling system is obviously lower than that of the air cooling system. The existing air conditioning scheme of the data center is mainly a water cooling system, but CLF (refrigeration load factor) and PUE (data center electric energy utilization efficiency) are rather higher than an air cooling system in the actual operation process. Most of newly-built and built cooling systems are air-cooled, so that the air-cooled system is short in construction period and low in cost, and the energy consumption of the water-cooled system is high. The operating temperature of an air-cooled cooling system is often high supply air temperature, high return air temperature and large delivery temperature difference (e.g., 25/38 ℃), while the operating temperature of a water-cooled system is low supply water temperature, low return water temperature and small delivery temperature difference (e.g., 12/18 ℃). The design and operation of the water-cooling data center do not exert the characteristics of long natural cooling time and low energy consumption of single-loop transmission and distribution, so that the operation energy consumption of a water-cooling system is high. The working condition change of the water cooling system of the data center mainly comprises heat dissipation capacity change caused by the service capacity change of the data center and heat rejection temperature change of the cooling tower caused by the outdoor temperature change. Conventional water cooling systems used in the industry (in which electric refrigerators are typically connected in parallel) generally have three modes of operation, namely a mechanical refrigeration mode, a transitional mode, and a natural cooling mode. When the outdoor air temperature is higher, the water discharged from the cooling tower can not provide natural cooling capacity, and all the cooling capacity depends on the electric refrigerator, and the mechanical cooling mode is adopted at the moment, and when the water discharged from the cooling tower can provide partial natural cooling capacity, the transition mode is adopted, and when the outdoor air temperature is reduced again, the natural cooling mode is adopted, and the cooling capacity is realized. In the mechanical refrigeration mode, the cooling tower fan is operated at full frequency, and the electric refrigerator is also operated at full frequency. In the transition mode, the cooling tower fan operates at full frequency, and the water supply temperature of the chilled water is kept unchanged by changing the frequency of the electric refrigerator when the external temperature changes. In the natural cooling mode, the electric refrigerator does not operate, and the water supply temperature of the chilled water is kept unchanged by changing the frequency of the cooling tower fan. The transition mode is switched to the mechanical refrigeration mode, and a valve is required to be switched, so that the natural cooling plate is bypassed. Therefore, when the air temperature is frequently changed, part of the time is in the t