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CN-116901266-B - Longitudinal-torsional ultrasonic group drilling device for processing hard and brittle composite materials

CN116901266BCN 116901266 BCN116901266 BCN 116901266BCN-116901266-B

Abstract

The invention discloses a longitudinal-torsional ultrasonic cluster drilling device for processing a hard and brittle composite material, which comprises a cutter handle, a height-adjustable fixing frame, a cluster drilling box body structure and a multi-blade drill bit, wherein a clamping device of the height-adjustable fixing frame is fixedly connected with the outer wall of a machine tool spindle, the cutter handle is connected with the machine tool spindle, the clamping device is connected with one end of an adjusting device of the height-adjustable fixing frame, the other end of the adjusting device is connected with the cluster drilling box body structure, the multi-blade drill bit is arranged on the cluster drilling box body structure, longitudinal-torsional ultrasonic vibration is applied to a cutter by adopting the cluster drilling structure, the cutting force is effectively reduced by adopting the high-frequency ultrasonic vibration, the chip removing efficiency is improved by adopting the multi-blade micro-tooth drill bit, meanwhile, the machining defects such as burrs, tearing and layering are effectively restrained, the machining time is greatly shortened, the quality of the wall of a workpiece hole is improved, and high-quality and high-efficiency machining is realized.

Inventors

  • BAO YONGJIE
  • Shi Zhanli
  • CHEN CHEN
  • GONG YONGJUN

Assignees

  • 大连海事大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20230821

Claims (8)

  1. 1. The longitudinal-torsional ultrasonic group drilling device for processing the hard and brittle composite material is characterized by comprising a cutter handle (1), a height-adjustable fixing frame (2), a group drilling box body structure (3) and a multi-blade drill bit (4), wherein the height-adjustable fixing frame (2) comprises a clamping device (21) and an adjusting device (22) for adjusting the height of the cutter handle, the clamping device (21) is fixedly connected with the outer wall of a machine tool spindle, the cutter handle (1) is fixed at the bottom of the machine tool spindle, the clamping device (21) is connected with one end of the adjusting device (22), and the other end of the adjusting device (22) is connected with the group drilling box body structure (3); the group drill box body structure (3) comprises a group drill upper cover plate (7), a coupler (8), a longitudinal-torsional ultrasonic device (5) and a group drill lower cover plate (6), wherein a connecting hole connected with the adjusting device (22) is formed in the top end of the group drill upper cover plate (7); the bottom end of the knife handle (1) is provided with a cylindrical connecting structure (11), the cylindrical connecting structure (11) is connected with one end of the coupler (8), and the other end of the coupler (8) is connected with the longitudinal-torsional ultrasonic device (5); the longitudinal-torsional ultrasonic device (5) comprises a longitudinal-torsional transmission device (51) and a longitudinal-torsional ultrasonic vibration device (52), wherein the top of the longitudinal-torsional transmission device (51) is connected with the coupler (8), the longitudinal-torsional ultrasonic vibration device (52) is fixedly connected with the longitudinal-torsional transmission device (51), and the bottom end of the longitudinal-torsional ultrasonic vibration device (52) is fixedly connected with the multi-edge drill bit (4); When the longitudinal-torsional ultrasonic vibration device (52) generates longitudinal-torsional ultrasonic vibration through the ultrasonic generator, the tool spindle is driven to drive the tool shank (1) to rotate, and the tool shank (1) drives the longitudinal-torsional transmission device (51) to drive the multi-blade drill bit (4) to rotate through the coupler (8); The longitudinal-torsional ultrasonic vibration device (52) comprises a transducer (521) and a conical amplitude transformer (522), wherein the transducer (521) is fixedly arranged at the top end of the conical amplitude transformer (522), and a wireless transmission inner ring mounting groove (5221) is formed in the top end of the conical amplitude transformer (522); the bottom end of the conical amplitude transformer (522) is fixedly connected with the multi-edge drill bit (4); The transducer (521) comprises a wireless transmission inner ring (5211) and a hollow insulating bolt (5212), a first piezoelectric ceramic piece (5213), a positive electrode piece (5214), a second piezoelectric ceramic piece (5215) and a negative electrode piece (5216) which are sequentially arranged along the vertical direction; The energy converter (521) is connected with the conical amplitude transformer (522) through the hollow insulating bolt (5212), and a heat shrinkage pipe is arranged on the outer wall of the hollow insulating bolt (5212); The positive electrode of the first piezoelectric ceramic piece (5213), the positive electrode of the second piezoelectric ceramic piece (5215) and the positive electrode piece (5214) are connected, the negative electrode piece (5216) is connected with the negative electrode of the second piezoelectric ceramic piece (5215), and the positive electrode piece (5214) and the negative electrode piece (5216) are respectively connected with the wireless transmission inner ring (5211); The wireless transmission inner ring (5211) is fixedly arranged in the wireless transmission inner ring mounting groove (5221), and the adjusting device (22) comprises a first height adjusting rod (221) and a second height adjusting rod (222); The top end of the first height adjusting rod (221) is rotationally connected with the clamping device (21), a hollow internal thread hole is formed in the center of the bottom end of the first height adjusting rod (221), and external thread structures (2221) are arranged at two ends of the second height adjusting rod (222); the external thread structure (2221) at the top end of the second height adjusting rod (222) is connected with the hollow internal thread hole, and the external thread structure (2221) at the bottom end of the second height adjusting rod (222) is connected with the group drill box body structure (3); an adjusting notch (2222) is formed in the second height adjusting rod (222), and the first height adjusting rod (221) and the second height adjusting rod (222) are driven to move relatively in the vertical direction through the adjusting notch (2222).
  2. 2. A device for the group drilling of a longitudinally-twisted ultrasonic wave for the processing of brittle composite materials according to claim 1, characterized in that said longitudinally-twisted transmission means (51) comprise a driving gear member (511) and a driven gear set (512); And the driven gear sets (512) are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the driving gear piece (511); The driven gear group (512) comprises a first driven gear piece (5121), a second driven gear piece (5122), a third driven gear piece (5123), a fourth driven gear piece (5124) and a fifth driven gear piece (5125); The second driven gear piece (5122), the third driven gear piece (5123), the fourth driven gear piece (5124) and the fifth driven gear piece (5125) are uniformly distributed on the outer side of the first driven gear piece (5121) and are respectively meshed with the first driven gear piece (5121), the second driven gear piece (5122) is respectively meshed with the driving gear piece (511) and the first driven gear piece (5121), and the third driven gear piece (5123) is respectively meshed with the driving gear piece (511) and the first driven gear piece (5121).
  3. 3. The longitudinal-torsional ultrasonic group drilling device for processing the hard and brittle composite materials according to claim 2, wherein the group drilling upper cover plate (7) is fixedly connected with the group drilling lower cover plate (6) through bolts, and a plurality of first bearing mounting groove structures (71) are formed at the bottom end of the group drilling upper cover plate (7); A plurality of gear accommodating groove structures (61) are formed in the top end of the group drill lower cover plate (6), a second bearing accommodating groove structure (611), a gear shaft mounting hole structure (612) and a wire passing groove structure (613) are formed in the bottom end of the gear accommodating groove structure (61), and a wireless transmission outer ring mounting groove (614) is formed in the outer side of each second bearing accommodating groove structure (611); the first bearing mounting groove structure (71) is arranged opposite to the second bearing accommodating groove structure (611), and each wireless transmission outer ring mounting groove (614) is communicated through the wire passing groove structure (613); The gear shaft mounting hole structure (612) is formed at the bottom end of the second bearing accommodating groove structure (611).
  4. 4. A longitudinal-torsional ultrasonic group drilling device for processing hard and brittle composite materials according to claim 3, characterized in that the group drilling lower cover plate (6) is also provided with a sealing groove (62).
  5. 5. The longitudinal-torsional ultrasonic group drilling device for processing hard and brittle composite materials according to claim 1, wherein spiral grooves (5222) are uniformly distributed on the side wall of the conical amplitude transformer (522); The helix angle of the helical groove (5222) is set at 35 DEG and the vertical height of the helical groove (5222) is three-fifths of the total length of the conical horn (522).
  6. 6. A longitudinal-torsional ultrasonic gang drill apparatus for processing of brittle composite materials according to claim 1, characterized in that the multi-edge drill (4) comprises several helical flute structures (41) and a drill cutting edge (42); the drill cutting edge part (42) comprises a first drill tooth structure (421) and a second drill tooth structure (422), and the first drill tooth structure (421) and the second drill tooth structure (422) are alternately arranged at two sides of the spiral chip pocket structure (41); the first drilling tooth structure (421) is sequentially provided with a first tooth-shaped section (4211) and a second tooth-shaped section (4212) along the vertical direction; The second drilling tooth structure (422) is sequentially provided with a first tooth-shaped section (4211) and a third tooth-shaped section (4213) along the vertical direction.
  7. 7. The longitudinal-torsional ultrasonic group drilling device for processing of hard and brittle composite materials according to claim 6, wherein the helix angle of the spiral chip flute structure (41) is 15-28 degrees.
  8. 8. The longitudinal-torsional ultrasonic wave group drilling device for processing the hard and brittle composite materials according to claim 6, wherein a pre-tightening spring (43) is arranged outside the multi-blade drill bit (4), and one end of the pre-tightening spring (43) is fixed on the multi-blade drill bit (4); the length of the pre-tightening spring (43) is two-thirds of the length of the multi-blade drill (4).

Description

Longitudinal-torsional ultrasonic group drilling device for processing hard and brittle composite materials Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of machining, in particular to a longitudinal-torsional ultrasonic group drilling device for processing a hard and brittle composite material. Background The hard and brittle composite material has the advantages of small relative density, high specific strength, good fatigue resistance and the like, can effectively lighten the empty load of equipment, and improves the maneuverability and impact resistance of advanced equipment, so that the hard and brittle composite material can be widely applied to the fields of advanced weapons, aerospace and the like. The hard and brittle composite material belongs to a heterogeneous material, and phenomena such as burrs, layering and tearing are extremely easy to occur due to large cutting force and cutter abrasion in the traditional machining process, so that the surface quality of a hole wall and an outlet in the machining process is difficult to control, the machining efficiency is low, great challenges are brought to high-quality and high-efficiency machining, and the connecting strength of a workpiece is seriously influenced. Disclosure of Invention The invention provides a longitudinal-torsional ultrasonic group drilling device for processing a hard and brittle composite material, which aims to overcome the technical problems. In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: The longitudinal-torsional ultrasonic group drilling device for processing the hard and brittle composite material comprises a cutter handle, a height-adjustable fixing frame, a group drilling box body structure and a multi-blade drill bit, wherein the height-adjustable fixing frame comprises a clamping device and an adjusting device for adjusting the height of the cutter handle; The group drill box body structure comprises a group drill upper cover plate, a coupler, a longitudinal-torsional ultrasonic device and a group drill lower cover plate, wherein the top end of the group drill upper cover plate is provided with a connecting hole connected with the adjusting device; the bottom end of the knife handle is provided with a cylindrical connecting structure, the cylindrical connecting structure is connected with one end of the coupler, and the other end of the coupler is connected with the longitudinal-torsional ultrasonic device; The top of the longitudinal torque transmission device is connected with the coupler, the longitudinal torque ultrasonic vibration device is fixedly connected with the longitudinal torque transmission device, and the bottom of the longitudinal torque ultrasonic vibration device is fixedly connected with the multi-edge drill bit; When the longitudinal-torsional ultrasonic vibration device generates longitudinal-torsional ultrasonic vibration through the ultrasonic generator, the tool shank is driven to rotate through driving the machine tool spindle, and the tool shank drives the longitudinal-torsional transmission device to drive the multi-blade drill bit to rotate through the coupler. Further, the longitudinal torque transmission device comprises a driving gear piece and a driven gear set; The driven gear sets are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the driving gear piece; The driven gear set comprises a first driven gear piece, a second driven gear piece, a third driven gear piece, a fourth driven gear piece and a fifth driven gear piece; the second driven gear piece, the third driven gear piece, the fourth driven gear piece and the fifth driven gear piece are uniformly arranged on the outer side of the first driven gear piece and meshed with the first driven gear piece respectively, the second driven gear piece is meshed with the driving gear piece and the first driven gear piece respectively, and the third driven gear piece is meshed with the driving gear piece and the first driven gear piece respectively. The longitudinal-torsional ultrasonic vibration device comprises a transducer and a conical amplitude transformer, wherein the transducer is fixedly arranged at the top end of the conical amplitude transformer, and a wireless transmission inner ring mounting groove is formed in the top end of the conical amplitude transformer; The bottom end of the conical amplitude transformer is fixedly connected with the multi-blade drill bit; the transducer comprises a wireless transmission inner ring, a hollow insulating bolt, a first piezoelectric ceramic piece, a positive electrode piece, a second piezoelectric ceramic piece and a negative electrode piece, wherein the hollow insulating bolt, the first piezoelectric ceramic piece, the positive electrode piece, the second piezoelectric ceramic piece and the negative electrode piece are sequentially arranged along the vertical direction; the energy converter is connected with the conical amplitude transfo