CN-116905960-B - Square bored pile hole forming equipment and method

CN116905960BCN 116905960 BCN116905960 BCN 116905960BCN-116905960-B

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a square bored pile pore-forming device and a square bored pile pore-forming method, wherein equipment comprises a drilling machine shell, a central shaft drill rod is vertically arranged in the drilling machine shell, the top end of the central shaft drill rod is connected with a rotary driving device, the bottom end of the central shaft drill rod is connected with a rotary drilling bit, the outer wall of the central shaft drill rod is fixedly provided with a helical blade, the rotary driving device drives the central shaft drill rod to drive the rotary drilling bit to rotationally drill to form a circular hole, the bottom of the drilling machine shell is provided with an impact driving device, the output end of the impact driving device is connected with four impact drill bits, the impact drill bits are arranged at four corners at the periphery of the bottom of the rotary drilling bit, and the impact drill bits vertically move up and down to realize reciprocating rock breaking, the circular hole is reamed, and finally the square hole is formed. The application can realize full-automatic mechanical drilling, can realize hole forming at one time, and has wide application range, small environmental pollution and low manufacturing cost of the whole equipment.

Inventors

HAN JIAN
CHEN XIAOGUANG
TAO YUYANG
LI MINGQUAN
LIU BAILIN
DING XINHONG
MAO ZHONGLIANG
Feng Yongyang
LEI ZHENGMIN
SUN LIMIN
Qi jiaxing
ZHANG KUN

Assignees

中铁第五勘察设计院集团有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20230613

Claims (6)

1. The square bored pile pore-forming equipment is characterized by comprising a drilling machine shell (10), wherein a center shaft drill rod (20) is vertically arranged in the drilling machine shell (10), the top end of the center shaft drill rod (20) is connected with a rotary driving device (30), the bottom end of the center shaft drill rod (20) extends out of the bottom of the drilling machine shell (10) and then is connected with a rotary drilling bit (40), the bottom of the drilling machine shell (10) is provided with an impact driving device (50), the output end of the impact driving device (50) is connected with four impact drilling bits (60), the impact drilling bits (60) are arranged at four corners at the periphery of the bottom of the rotary drilling bit (40), and the working plane of the impact drilling bit (60) is higher than that of the rotary drilling bit (40); the outer wall of the middle shaft drill rod (20) is provided with a helical blade (201), the diameter of the helical blade (201) is larger than that of the rotary drilling bit (40), and one side of the top of the drilling machine shell (10) is provided with a slag outlet (101); The output end of the impact driving device (50) is connected with a bottom plate (501), the outer contour of the bottom plate (501) is larger than that of the drilling machine shell (10), the bottom plate (501) is positioned at the periphery of the bottom of the drilling machine shell (10) and is in an inner round and outer square form, a yielding hole (504) is formed in the middle of the bottom plate (501), the diameter of the yielding hole (504) is larger than that of the helical blade (201), and the bottom plate (501) is connected with the top of the impact drill bit (60) through an impact drill rod (602); Four sliding grooves (502) are formed in the bottom of the bottom plate (501) along four corners of the bottom plate (501) towards the center of the bottom plate (501), the tops of the four impact drilling rods (602) are respectively connected with the four sliding grooves (502) in a sliding mode, four pushing mechanisms (503) are further arranged near the sliding grooves (502) in the bottom of the bottom plate (501), and the output ends of the pushing mechanisms (503) can drive the impact drilling rods (602) to move in the sliding grooves so as to realize reaming of square holes with different sizes; Four movable brackets (80) are symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the periphery of the bottom of the drilling machine shell (10), the four movable brackets (80) and four impact drill bits (60) are arranged in a staggered mode, a plurality of vertically stacked dado boards (801) are clamped on the movable brackets (80) of the same side wall, the four dado boards (801) of the same layer are clamped with each other, the movable brackets (80) can drive the dado boards (801) to vertically slide along the outer wall of the drilling machine shell (10), when drilling is carried out, the impact drill rods (602) slide to the outermost side, the top of the impact drill bits (60) block the dado boards (801) from sinking, after drilling is finished, the impact drill rods (602) slide to the center of the bottom plate (501) to give way for the dado boards (801), and the dado not sink to the bottom of a hole.
2. Square bored pile hole forming equipment according to claim 1, further comprising a main machine walking part (70), wherein an extension arm of the main machine walking part (70) is connected with a mast (701) through a connecting piece, the drill casing (10) is arranged on one side of the mast (701), the rotary driving device (30) is arranged on the mast (701) and above the drill casing (10), the impact driving device (50) is arranged on the mast (701) and on one side of the bottom of the drill casing (10), and the drill casing (10), the rotary driving device (30) and the impact driving device (50) can be lifted or lowered synchronously and vertically relative to the mast (701).
3. Square bored pile hole forming equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that the percussion drill bit (60) is a beak drill bit (601), the cross section of the drill housing (10) is circular, and the beak drill bit (601) is respectively arranged at four corners of the bottom periphery of the drill housing (10) to form a square.
4. A method of forming a square bored pile, comprising the square bored pile forming apparatus according to claim 3, comprising the steps of: ① Calculating the shearing and bending strength of the anti-slide pile and the displacement deformation requirement of the pile top according to the height of the side slope, stratum information, upper load and the like, and determining the section size, pile length, pile spacing and arrangement form of the anti-slide pile; ② Factory prefabricated steel plates or reinforced concrete are used as the baseboard; ③ Leveling a site, constructing a construction platform in a large-step digging mode on a slope section, wherein the step width is not less than 5m, and ensuring that construction equipment is stable and prevented from tilting; ④ Measuring and paying off, positioning a drilling machine, fixing a drill rod bracket, and selecting a matched drill bit according to the size of the slide-resistant pile; ⑤ The rotary driving device is adopted to drive the middle shaft drill rod to drive the rotary drilling bit to drill, and synchronously drive the helical blade to rotationally bring the drilling slag out of the slag outlet by the helical blade; ⑥ And after the rotary drilling bit drills for 0.5m, starting the impact driving device to drive the four-angle beak type impact drilling bit to perform impact reaming, and extruding reaming slag to the middle part to be brought out by rotating the helical blades.
5. The method for forming a square bored pile according to claim 4, further comprising the steps of: ⑦ After the hole is reamed by impact for 1-2 m, suspending drilling, respectively propping the prefabricated steel plate or the reinforced concrete baseboard against four walls of the hole which is excavated by adopting a movable bracket, saving the length by 1-2 m, and driving the movable bracket to synchronously sink along with the drilling; ⑧ After drilling is continued for 1-2 m, suspending drilling, hoisting the four dado boards to the top of the lower dado board by adopting small hoisting equipment, clamping the four dado boards with the lower dado board, and repeating ⑥～⑧ steps until the design excavation depth is achieved.
6. The method for forming a square bored pile according to claim 5, further comprising the steps of: ⑨ The impact drill rod is driven to move in the chute through the propelling mechanism, so that the four-angle beak type drill head slides to the inner side of the dado plate, and meanwhile, the movable bracket drives the dado plate to sink to the bottom of the hole; ⑩ Lifting a drill rod drill bit, shifting a drilling machine, excavating a pile hole at the next position by adopting a pile jump method, and subsequently lowering a reinforcement cage, pouring pile body concrete and the like to construct by adopting a conventional construction process.

Description

Square bored pile hole forming equipment and method Technical Field The application relates to the field of pile foundation engineering, in particular to a hole forming device and method for square bored piles. Background In the field of drilling engineering, formation conditions determine the type of pore-forming method, which in turn determines the type of pore-forming equipment. Compared with a round pile, the square pile has larger side friction area under the conditions of equal section and equal materials, thereby improving the side friction force of the pile, greatly increasing the side bearing capacity of the pile, and being used as an anti-slide pile in deep foundation pit and high slope engineering, and the mechanical property of the square pile is obviously better than that of the round pile. However, the existing large-size square pile mainly adopts a manual hole digging method, the manual hole digging efficiency is low and the danger exists, the pile forming technology is immature, and on the theoretical level, the hole forming method comprises multiple drill bit mechanical rotary hole digging, lo triangle drill bit rotary hole digging, moving drill rod rotary hole digging and the like, but all the methods are not converted into actual mature mechanical equipment and construction methods. Common mechanical construction equipment mainly uses a rotary drilling machine to drill into a round hole, and then uses other equipment to repair into a square hole, so that the efficiency is low and the square hole is difficult to finish at one time. Disclosure of Invention In order to solve one of the technical defects, according to a first aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a square bored pile hole forming device is provided, which comprises a drill casing, a central shaft drill rod is vertically arranged in the drill casing, a rotary driving device is connected to the top end of the central shaft drill rod, a rotary drill bit is connected to the bottom end of the central shaft drill rod after the bottom end of the central shaft drill rod extends out of the drill casing, a percussion driving device is arranged at the bottom of the drill casing, four percussion drill bits are connected to the output ends of the percussion driving device, the percussion drill bits are arranged at four corners of the periphery of the bottom of the rotary drill bit, and the working plane of the percussion drill bit is higher than that of the rotary drill bit. Further, the square bored pile pore-forming equipment further comprises a main machine walking part, an extension arm of the main machine walking part is connected with a mast through a connecting piece, the drill casing is arranged on one side of the mast, the rotary driving device is arranged on the mast and is located above the drill casing, the impact driving device is arranged on the mast and is located on one side of the bottom of the drill casing, and the drill casing, the rotary driving device and the impact driving device can synchronously and vertically lift or descend relative to the mast. Further, the percussion bit is a beak type bit, the cross section of the drilling machine shell is circular, and the beak type bit is respectively arranged at four corners of the periphery of the bottom of the drilling machine shell to form a square. Further, the outer wall of the middle shaft drill rod is provided with a helical blade, the diameter of the helical blade is larger than that of the rotary drilling bit, and one side of the top of the drilling machine shell is provided with a slag outlet. Further, the output end of the impact driving device is connected with a bottom plate, the outer contour of the bottom plate is larger than that of the drilling machine shell, the bottom plate is located at the periphery of the bottom of the drilling machine shell and is in an inner round square form, a yielding hole is formed in the middle of the bottom plate, the diameter of the yielding hole is larger than that of the spiral blade, and the bottom plate is connected with the top of the impact drill bit through the impact drill rod. Further, four sliding grooves are formed in the bottom of the bottom plate along four corners of the bottom plate to the center of the bottom plate, the tops of the four impact drill rods are respectively connected with the four sliding grooves in a sliding mode, four propelling mechanisms are further arranged near the sliding grooves in the bottom of the bottom plate, and the output ends of the propelling mechanisms can drive the impact drill rods to move in the sliding grooves so as to realize reaming of square holes with different sizes. Further, four movable brackets are symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the periphery of the bottom of the drilling machine shell, the four movable brackets and the four impact drill bits are arranged in a staggered mode, a plurality of vertically stacked dado boards are clamped on the mo