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CN-116914421-B - Broadband dipole antenna

CN116914421BCN 116914421 BCN116914421 BCN 116914421BCN-116914421-B

Abstract

The invention discloses a broadband dipole antenna, which comprises a dielectric plate, a radiator on the dielectric plate and a feed port connected with the radiator. The radiator is the rectangle, including left side antenna element, the trapezoidal microstrip of third, right side antenna element and second rectangle microstrip, left side antenna element and right side antenna element control the interval set up in the long limit one side of second rectangle microstrip, left side antenna element and right side antenna element enclose to form horn shape interval, horn shape interval includes trapezoidal interval and the rectangle interval of being connected with it, the rectangle interval extends to the edge outside of radiator, the trapezoidal microstrip of third is located trapezoidal interval. The feed port is disposed within the rectangular space and connects the left antenna element and the right antenna element. The broadband dipole antenna provided by the invention can respectively work in a full-wave mode and a half-wave mode at different frequency points, has a simple structure, is convenient to produce and apply, and greatly reduces the production cost.

Inventors

  • HUANG HE
  • LI BO
  • LI XIAOPING
  • LIU YANMING

Assignees

  • 西安电子科技大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20230825

Claims (10)

  1. 1. A broadband dipole antenna is characterized by comprising a dielectric plate (1), a radiator (2) printed on the upper surface of the dielectric plate (1) and a feed port (3) connected with the radiator (2), The radiator (2) is wholly rectangular, the radiator (2) comprises a left side antenna unit, a third trapezoid microstrip (26), a right side antenna unit and a second rectangle microstrip (23), the left side antenna unit and the right side antenna unit are arranged on one side of the long side of the second rectangle microstrip (23) at intervals left and right, the second rectangle microstrip (23), the left side antenna unit and the right side antenna unit enclose to form a horn-shaped interval, the horn-shaped interval comprises a trapezoid interval (27) and a rectangle interval (28) connected with the trapezoid interval, the rectangle interval (28) extends to the outer side of the edge of the radiator (2), the third trapezoid microstrip (26) is arranged in the trapezoid interval (27), the main body direction of the third trapezoid microstrip (26) is consistent with the main body direction of the trapezoid interval (27), and the feed port (3) is arranged in the rectangle interval (28) and is connected with the left side antenna unit and the right side antenna unit.
  2. 2. The broadband dipole antenna according to claim 1, wherein the left antenna unit is structurally symmetrical to the right antenna unit, the left antenna unit comprises a first rectangular microstrip (21) and a first right trapezoid microstrip (22), a long side of the first rectangular microstrip (21) is connected with a bottom of the first right trapezoid microstrip (22), a long side of the first rectangular microstrip (21) is consistent with a bottom length of the first right trapezoid microstrip (22), the right antenna unit comprises a third rectangular microstrip (25) and a second right trapezoid microstrip (24), and a long side of the third rectangular microstrip (25) is connected with a bottom of the second right trapezoid microstrip (24).
  3. 3. The wideband dipole antenna according to claim 2, wherein the feeding port (3) is arranged at the junction between the rectangular space (28) and the trapezoid space (27), and wherein the outer core of the feeding port (3) is connected to the third rectangular microstrip (25) when the inner core of the feeding port (3) is connected to the first rectangular microstrip (21), and wherein the outer core of the feeding port (3) is connected to the first rectangular microstrip (21) when the inner core of the feeding port (3) is connected to the third rectangular microstrip (25).
  4. 4. The broadband dipole antenna according to claim 2, wherein the lengths of said second rectangular microstrip (23), said first right angle trapezoidal microstrip (22), said trapezoidal interval (27) and said second right angle trapezoidal microstrip (24) satisfy: Wherein, the Representing the length of the second rectangular microstrip (23) in the X-axis direction, Representing the length of the upper base of the first right-angle trapezoidal microstrip (22), Representing the length of the upper base of the second right angle trapezoidal microstrip (24), Representing the length of the bottom of the trapezoid space (27).
  5. 5. Broadband dipole antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that the length of the rectangular space (28) in the Y-axis direction is the same as the length of the first rectangular microstrip (21) in the Y-axis direction.
  6. 6. The wideband dipole antenna according to claim 2, wherein the third trapezoidal microstrip (26) has a bottom length in the range of 16-19 mm, the third trapezoidal microstrip (26) has a top length in the range of 3-5 mm, and the third trapezoidal microstrip (26) has a height in the range of 19-23 mm.
  7. 7. Broadband dipole antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that the distance between the feed port (3) and the long side of the first rectangular microstrip (21) remote from the feed port (3) is 7-9 mm.
  8. 8. Broadband dipole antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that the long side of the first rectangular microstrip (21) is in the range of 18-22 mm and the short side of the first rectangular microstrip (21) is in the range of 9-13 mm.
  9. 9. The wideband dipole antenna according to claim 2, wherein the length of the upper bottom of the first right angle trapezoidal microstrip (22) ranges from 9 to 11 mm, and the height of the first right angle trapezoidal microstrip (22) ranges from 27 to 31 mm.
  10. 10. Broadband dipole antenna according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that the thickness of the dielectric plate (1) is 1.6 mm and that the length and width of the dielectric plate (1) are 80: 80 mm.

Description

Broadband dipole antenna Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of antennas, and particularly relates to a broadband dipole antenna. Background The dipole antenna includes a pair of symmetrically disposed conductors, also referred to as "dipole arms", which are connected at their opposite ends to each other to the inner core and outer core of the radio frequency cable, respectively. The arm length of the common dipole antenna is half wavelength, namely 0.5λ, λ is a free space wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the dipole working frequency band, so that the dipole antenna can resonate in an odd mode, namely at corresponding frequency points of 0.5λ,1.5λ, 2.5λ and the like. Regarding the knowledge about the odd and even modes of a Dipole antenna, see, for example, the text "Dipole ANTENNA WITH Both Odd and Even Modes Excited and Tuned" published in the journal of IEEE, "Transactions on ANTENNAS AND production," volume 70, pages 1643-1652, by Bing Xiao et al, 2022, which discloses the blue curve of fig. 8 that shows the |s 11 | curve of a symmetrical Dipole with an arm length of half wavelength, wherein |s 11 | represents the reflection coefficient of the antenna, and a Dipole antenna with an arm length of half wavelength can only resonate at frequency points corresponding to odd modes such as 0.5λ,1.5λ, 2.5λ, and cannot resonate at frequency points corresponding to even modes such as 1λ,2λ, and 3λ. Further, the paper discloses in fig. 3a current distribution corresponding to each mode, the number of current maxima for the 0.5λ mode is 1, the number of current maxima for the 1λ mode is 2,1.5 λ mode is 3, and so on. Among the numerous modes of operation of dipole antennas, the 0.5λ and 1λ modes are common, respectively the half-wave mode and the full-wave mode. In order to meet the bandwidth requirements of modern communication systems, researchers have made many attempts at extending the dipole bandwidth. The bandwidth widening method is commonly used to widen the tail end of a dipole radiating arm to form a bow-tie antenna, the bandwidth of the antenna formed by the method is only 29%, and the method can be particularly seen in U.S. Pat. No. 3,416 to Chen Guo et al, which is published in Proceedings of the XIII Internarional Conference on Ground PENETRATING RADAR, A900 MHz Shielded Bow-TIE ANTENNA SYSTEM for group PENETRATING RADAR, when |S 11 | is less than or equal to-6 dB, the antenna covers 0.75-1 GHz, and the antenna works in a half-wave mode near a resonance point. Disclosure of Invention In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: The invention provides a broadband dipole antenna, which comprises a dielectric plate, a radiator printed on the upper surface of the dielectric plate and a feed port connected with the radiator, wherein the radiator is integrally rectangular, the radiator comprises a left antenna unit, a third trapezoid microstrip, a right antenna unit and a second rectangular microstrip, the left antenna unit and the right antenna unit are arranged at one side of the long side of the second rectangular microstrip at left and right intervals, the second rectangular microstrip, the left antenna unit and the right antenna unit are enclosed to form a horn-shaped interval, the horn-shaped interval comprises a trapezoid interval and a rectangular interval connected with the trapezoid interval, the rectangular interval extends to the outer side of the edge of the radiator, the third trapezoid microstrip is positioned in the trapezoid interval, the main body direction of the third trapezoid microstrip is consistent with the main body direction of the trapezoid interval, and the feed port is arranged in the rectangular interval and connected with the left antenna unit and the right antenna unit. In one embodiment of the invention, the left antenna unit is symmetrical to the right antenna unit in structure, the left antenna unit comprises a first rectangular microstrip and a first right trapezoid microstrip, one side of the long side of the first rectangular microstrip is connected with the lower bottom of the first right trapezoid microstrip, the long side of the first rectangular microstrip is consistent with the lower bottom of the first right trapezoid microstrip in length, the right antenna unit comprises a third rectangular microstrip and a second right trapezoid microstrip, and one side of the long side of the third rectangular microstrip is connected with the lower bottom of the second right trapezoid microstrip. In one embodiment of the invention, the feeding port is arranged at the junction between the inner core of the feeding port and the trapezoid space, when the inner core of the feeding port is connected with the first rectangular microstrip, the outer core of the feeding port is connected with the third rectangular microstrip, and when the inner core of the feeding port is connecte