Search

CN-116961715-B - Near field region beam forming method, communication method and device

CN116961715BCN 116961715 BCN116961715 BCN 116961715BCN-116961715-B

Abstract

The invention relates to a near field region beam forming method, a communication method and a device. The method comprises the steps of determining the position of a beam focusing point, obtaining distance parameters and angle coordinate parameters of the beam focusing point, calculating a focusing phase weighting coefficient and a scanning phase weighting coefficient, shifting or weighting the phase of an array unit so as to form a corresponding beam, and the like. The near field region beam forming method and device provided by the invention can effectively realize the rapid and efficient beam focusing of the near field region, thereby improving the performance of imaging detection and wireless communication in the near field region. The beam focusing method realizes that the transmitting beam or the receiving beam in the near field region is automatically focused to a specified distance through focusing phase weighting; the beam scanning method of the invention realizes that the auto-focused transmitting beam or receiving beam is directed to a set angle direction through scanning phase weighting. The method has the advantages of good beam focusing effect, low operand, small mutual interference and the like.

Inventors

  • ZHANG JILONG
  • WANG JIFEI
  • ZHAO CHUNQIU
  • YAO GUANGFENG
  • WANG DONG

Assignees

  • 苏州威陌电子信息科技有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20230823

Claims (11)

  1. 1. A near field region beamforming method, comprising: Step 1, determining the position of a beam focusing point and obtaining a distance parameter and an angle coordinate parameter of the beam focusing point; Step 2, calculating a focusing phase weighting coefficient and performing ultra-close correction, and calculating a scanning phase weighting coefficient, wherein the step comprises the following steps: calculating a focus phase weighting coefficient: ; Wherein, the For the focal phase weighting factor, Is the number of waves to be used, In order to achieve a peripheral rate of the material, Wavelength, (x, y) is the array element coordinates, For the distance of the target from the center of the array, 、 Array attribute parameters of x direction and y direction respectively, if array units of a certain direction of the array transmit and receive target signals at the same time, selecting the corresponding direction Or (b) The value of (2) is 1, if the array units in a certain direction of the array sequentially transmit and receive the target signals, the corresponding direction is selected Or (b) Has a value of 2; during ultra-close imaging, the original focusing phase weighting coefficient is directly corrected: ; Wherein, the 、 In order to modify the parameters of the device, The corrected focusing phase weighting coefficient is used; When (when) In the process, the distance from the array unit to the array center is used as a parameter to indirectly correct the focusing phase weighting coefficient: Or (b) ; Wherein, the ; And 3, performing phase shifting or phase weighting on the array unit so as to form a corresponding wave beam.
  2. 2. The beam forming method according to claim 1, wherein, Aiming at the curved surface array, the beam forming method carries out curved surface additional phase compensation so as to form corresponding beams; the additional phase compensation coefficient of the curved surface is as follows: ; Wherein, the A phase compensation coefficient is added to the curved surface, Parameters for the coordinates of the array elements in the z-direction The value of (2) depends on the system properties of the array, and is selected for passive systems, semi-active systems, and conventional phased array systems =1, For active holographic system, synthetic aperture radar system, select =2。
  3. 3. The beam forming method according to claim 1, wherein, Step 1, determining the position of a beam focusing point, and obtaining a distance parameter and an angle coordinate parameter of the beam focusing point, wherein the step comprises the following steps: an array plane coordinate system is established by taking the center of the array as an origin and the normal direction of the array as the z direction, and the distance from the array to the center is calculated according to the position coordinates of the beam focusing point to be formed: ; Wherein, (x 0 ,y 0 ,z 0 ) is the coordinates of the beam focus point; according to the beam focusing point coordinates, calculating the angle coordinates of the horizontal direction and the pitching direction: ; Wherein, the 、 The angle coordinates of the horizontal direction and the pitching direction of the beam focusing point are respectively represented by the symbols Representing an arctangent function; step 2, calculating a focusing phase weighting coefficient and a scanning phase weighting coefficient, comprising: According to the array antenna theory, the array is irradiated by an equivalent plane wave source after discretization of the pattern after mirror image transformation, the obtained array surface complex field distribution is used as an amplitude or phase weighting value, an original radiation pattern can be formed, and then the scanning phase weighting coefficient is obtained as follows: ; Wherein, the To scan phase weighting coefficients, symbols Representing a sine function; And 3, performing phase shifting or phase weighting on the array unit to form a corresponding wave beam, wherein the step comprises the following steps: If the initial phases of the array units are different, the influence of the initial phases needs to be considered in the beam forming: ; Wherein, the For the finally obtained array element phase weighting coefficients, Initial phase for the array element; when the phase shifting technique with limited precision is adopted for beam forming, the phase weighting coefficient is calculated The actual phase weighted value can be obtained by discretization, and the corresponding wave beam can be formed by controlling the phase shift value of the array unit; when the digital beam forming technique is used to form the beam, only the phase weighting coefficients described above need be utilized The signal is subjected to complex weighting processing to obtain the required wave beam: ; Wherein, the The signal is synthesized by a digital beam, Representing array element signals, symbols Representing the element The matrix is formed by a matrix of the components, Representing the element The matrix is composed of Euler constant, j is imaginary unit, and symbol " "Means a matrix dot product operation.
  4. 4. A near field region beamforming method, comprising: Step 1, determining the position of a beam focusing point and obtaining a distance parameter and an angle coordinate parameter of the beam focusing point; Step 2, calculating a focusing phase weighting coefficient and performing ultra-close correction, and calculating a scanning phase weighting coefficient, wherein the step comprises the following steps: calculating a focus phase weighting coefficient: ; Wherein, the For the focal phase weighting factor, Is the number of waves to be used, In order to achieve a peripheral rate of the material, Wavelength, (x, y) is the array element coordinates, For the distance of the target from the center of the array, 、 Array attribute parameters of x direction and y direction respectively, if array units of a certain direction of the array transmit and receive target signals at the same time, selecting the corresponding direction Or (b) The value of (2) is 1, if the array units in a certain direction of the array sequentially transmit and receive the target signals, the corresponding direction is selected Or (b) Has a value of 2; performing ultra-close correction on the focusing phase weighting coefficient to form an ultra-close beam, including: The indirect correction is realized by compensating the unit coordinate parameters x and y: ; ; or the unit coordinate parameters x and y are compensated to realize indirect correction: ; ; Wherein, the 、 In order to modify the parameters of the device, The corrected focusing phase weighting coefficient is used; and 3, performing phase shifting or phase weighting on the array unit so as to form a corresponding wave beam.
  5. 5. A method of communication, comprising a first base station: the first base station receives the transmitting signals of other base stations or terminals and obtains the angle coordinates, distance information, communication information and positioning information of the other base stations or terminals; the first base station forms one or more transmitting beams to communicate with other corresponding base stations or terminals by adopting the method of any one of claims 1-4 according to the distance information and the angle coordinates of the other base stations or terminals.
  6. 6. The communication method according to claim 5, comprising: the first base station communicates with other base stations or terminals, and when forming a transmission beam, a plurality of transmission beams are formed simultaneously to communicate with other base stations or terminals.
  7. 7. The communication method according to claim 5, comprising: The first base station communicates with other base stations or terminals, and when forming a transmitting beam, a signal directional synthesis technology is adopted to send a specific signal to the specific other base stations or terminals.
  8. 8. An apparatus, comprising: The device comprises a processor, a programmable device, a memory and a communication interface, wherein the memory is used for storing one or more programs, the one or more programs comprise computer-executable instructions, and the processor, the programmable device execute the stored computer-executable instructions when the device is operated, so that the device executes the method or the mixed method of the method and the program.
  9. 9. A base station comprising a signal processing module and a transceiver module, wherein: The signal processing module is used for processing the received signals of other base stations or terminals and detecting and demodulating the signals of other base stations or terminals; The receiving and transmitting module is used for receiving the transmitting signals of other base stations or terminals and forming space multi-beam transmitting signals communicated with the other base stations or terminals; The base station communicates with other base stations or terminals by using the method of any one of claims 1-4 or a hybrid thereof.
  10. 10. A communication system, comprising: A base station employing the base station of claim 9 for communicating with other base stations or terminals; and the terminal is used for communicating with the base station.
  11. 11. Computer can the storage medium is read and the data is read, the computer-readable storage medium stores instructions, comprising: The instructions, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 or a hybrid method thereof.

Description

Near field region beam forming method, communication method and device Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of imaging detection and wireless communication, and more particularly, to a near field region beam forming method, a communication method, a device, a base station, a system and a storage medium. Background The conventional beamforming method is mainly applicable to far field beamforming, which can form an effective antenna beam in a far field region. However, when the target to be detected or communicated is located in the near-field region of the antenna, the conventional far-field beam forming method fails, and although the beam focusing in the near-field region can be performed by adopting an in-phase superposition method according to the distance between the target and the antenna unit, the operation amount is large and the focusing effect is poor. In the fields of microwave imaging, the present inventors have developed related fast imaging technologies, such as a fast imaging method suitable for passive imaging and active imaging (chinese patent application No. 202111123446X), a fast imaging method of a half-holographic array (chinese patent application No. 202210572821.7), and the like, and have proposed a focus phase weighting technology and a scan phase weighting technology in related inventions. According to the received array signals, a focusing phase weighting technology is adopted to realize rapid imaging detection of the target; the scanning phase weighting technique is used to effect a change in the direction of the central viewing angle of the imaging system, however, we have found that the above method is not suitable for forming a focused and scanned transmit or digital receive beam in the near field region in many applications. Therefore, in order to solve the problem of beam focusing in the near field region, it is necessary to develop a fast and efficient beam focusing and scanning method in the near field region, and use the method to perform imaging detection or communication, so as to further improve the comprehensive performance of the system. Disclosure of Invention In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a novel near field region beam forming method, which can quickly and efficiently form a focused and scanned transmitting beam or receiving beam in a near field region, thereby solving the problems of detection, communication and the like in the near field region in the fields of imaging detection, wireless communication and the like. In the invention, a phase weighting method of beam forming is researched based on a virtual lens imaging technology, and the phase weighting is decomposed into a focusing phase weighting and a scanning phase weighting, so that the beam focusing and the beam scanning are separated, and the focusing phase weighting coefficient and the scanning phase weighting coefficient are independently solved according to respective requirements, thereby realizing the beam focusing and the beam scanning in a near field region and solving the problems of the beam focusing and the beam scanning in the near field region. In a first aspect, the present invention provides a near field region beamforming method, including: Step 1, determining the position of a beam focusing point and obtaining a distance parameter and an angle coordinate parameter of the beam focusing point; Step2, calculating a focusing phase weighting coefficient and a scanning phase weighting coefficient; and 3, performing phase shifting or phase weighting on the array unit so as to form a corresponding wave beam. Further, in the near field region beam forming method, for the curved surface array, the beam forming method performs curved surface additional phase compensation, so as to form a corresponding beam. Further, in the near field region beam forming method, the beam forming method carries out ultra-close correction on the focusing phase weighting coefficient, so that ultra-close beam is formed. Further, in the near field region beam forming method of the present invention: step 1, determining the position of a beam focusing point, and obtaining a distance parameter and an angle coordinate parameter of the beam focusing point, wherein the step comprises the following steps: An array plane coordinate system is established by taking the center of the array as an origin and the normal direction of the array as the z direction, and the distance from the array center is calculated according to the position coordinates of the beam focus point to be formed: wherein R is the distance from the beam focus point to the center of the array, and (x 0,y0,z0) is the coordinate of the beam focus point; according to the beam focusing point coordinates, calculating the angle coordinates of the horizontal direction and the pitching direction: Wherein, θ x、θy is the angle coordinates of the beam focus in the horizontal direction and the pitch direction,