CN-116967540-B - On-machine measurement and correction method for face gear tooth face machining errors considering geometric errors

Abstract

The invention discloses an on-machine measurement and correction method for a tooth surface machining error of a face gear taking geometrical errors into consideration, which comprises the following steps of firstly, on-machine measurement geometrical error compensation, namely, 11), setting up an on-machine measurement platform, 12), on-machine measurement geometrical error modeling, 13), on-machine measurement geometrical error identification, 14), on-machine measurement geometrical error compensation by using a plurality of errors of a linear shaft and a rotating shaft obtained through identification, secondly, on-machine measurement of the tooth surface errors, namely, 21), planning measurement points on the tooth surface and obtaining tooth surface normal vectors of all measurement points, 22), setting up a measurement coordinate system, 23), measuring all measurement points in sequence to obtain actual tooth surface points of the face gear at all measurement points, 24), according to the actual tooth surface points and theoretical tooth surface points of the face gear at all measurement points, obtaining tooth shape errors and tooth pitch errors of the face gear, and 25), and performing inverse adjustment correction on the face gear according to the obtained tooth shape errors and the tooth pitch errors of the face gear.

Inventors

• ZHOU JIE
• Xia Maohao
• KONG WEIJIAN
• WANG SHILONG
• WANG SIBAO
• DONG JIANPENG
• XIAO YULIANG
• KANG LING
• YI LILI
• Tao Jinyang

Assignees

• 重庆大学

Dates

Publication Date

20260508

Application Date

20230912

Claims (4)

1. 1. An on-machine measurement and correction method for the tooth surface machining error of a face gear taking geometrical errors into consideration is characterized by comprising the following steps: step one, on-machine measurement geometric error compensation 11 The on-machine measuring platform comprises a gear grinding machine, a measuring head and a signal receiving device, wherein the measuring head is arranged on a Y-axis of the gear grinding machine, and the signal receiving device is respectively connected with the measuring head and the gear grinding machine through signal wires; 12 On-machine measurement geometric error modeling Based on the topological structure of the on-machine measuring platform, respectively establishing an ideal error-free motion model of the on-machine measuring platform And the actual error motion model of the on-machine measuring platform ; 13 On-machine measurement geometry error identification 131 Linear axis geometry error identification Respectively constructing geometrical error equations of an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis of the on-machine measuring platform; Constructing a perpendicularity error equation between any two axes in an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis of the machine measurement platform; Measuring the comprehensive error after the geometric error coupling action by using a laser interferometer, and decoupling and separating the geometric errors of an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis of an on-machine measuring platform by using a 9-wire method; 132 Rotation axis geometric error identification Taking a club instrument as measurement equipment, respectively establishing a geometric error reverse identification model of the C axis and the A axis according to the functional relation among the club nominal length, the club installation angle, the workpiece ball installation angle, the geometric error and the measured club expansion and contraction amount in the rotating process of the C axis or the A axis of the rotating shaft of the on-machine measurement platform, and identifying each geometric error of the C axis and the A axis according to the measured club expansion and contraction amount; the functional relation among the nominal length of the club, the club installation angle, the workpiece ball installation angle, the geometric error and the measured club expansion and contraction amount of the rotating shaft C or A in the rotating process is as follows: Wherein, the subscript R represents a rotation axis and can be replaced by A and C; Indicating the nominal length of the club instrument; representing the expansion and contraction amount of the ball arm instrument; the included angle between the club axis and the worktable axis is recorded as the installation angle; the height from the surface of the workbench for the workpiece ball; The included angle between the coordinate vector of the sphere center of the workpiece sphere and the positive direction of the x coordinate axis is defined as the initial installation angle of the workpiece sphere; 、 And Representing the linear error of the R axis in X, Y and Z directions, respectively; And The angular errors of the R axis in the X and Y directions are respectively represented; 14 Compensating the on-machine measurement geometric error by using the recognized linear axis geometric error and the rotation axis geometric error; Step two, on-machine measurement of tooth surface error 21 Planning measuring points on the tooth surface, and obtaining the normal vector of the tooth surface of each measuring point; 22 Using standard balls to calibrate the measuring head and the rotary workbench respectively, and establishing a measurement coordinate system according to the upper surface of the inner ring of the face gear, the cylindrical surface of the inner ring and the midpoint of the tooth slot; 23 Measuring each measuring point in turn to obtain the coordinates of the measuring head at each measuring point, and further obtaining the actual tooth surface point of the face gear at each measuring point; 24 According to the actual tooth surface point and the theoretical tooth surface point of the face gear at each measuring point, obtaining the tooth form error and the tooth pitch error of the face gear; 25 According to the obtained tooth form error and pitch error of the face gear, the face gear is subjected to inverse adjustment correction.
2. 2. The on-machine measurement and correction method of face gear tooth surface machining errors taking geometrical errors into consideration according to claim 1, wherein in said step 12), an on-machine measurement platform ideal error-free motion model is provided The method comprises the following steps: Wherein, the Representing an ideal homogeneous transformation matrix between the measuring head and the face gear workpiece; Representing an ideal homogeneous transformation matrix between a machine tool base and a face gear workpiece; representing an ideal homogeneous transformation matrix between a machine tool base and a C axis; representing an installation pose matrix between a machine tool base and a C axis; Representing a motion pose matrix between a machine tool base and a C axis; representing an ideal homogeneous transformation matrix between the C axis and the face gear workpiece; representing an installation pose matrix between the C axis and the face gear workpiece; Representing a motion pose matrix between the C axis and the face gear workpiece; Representing an ideal homogeneous transformation matrix between the measuring head and the machine tool base; representing an ideal homogeneous transformation matrix between a machine tool base and an X axis; Representing an installation pose matrix between a machine tool base and an X axis; Representing a motion pose matrix between a machine tool base and an X axis; Representing an ideal homogeneous transformation matrix between the X axis and the Z axis; representing an installation pose matrix between an X axis and a Z axis; Representing a motion pose matrix between an X axis and a Z axis; representing an ideal homogeneous transformation matrix between the Z axis and the A axis; representing an installation pose matrix between the Z axis and the A axis; representing a motion pose matrix between the Z axis and the A axis; representing an ideal homogeneous transformation matrix between the A axis and the Y axis; Representing an installation pose matrix between the A axis and the Y axis; Representing a motion pose matrix between an A axis and a Y axis; Representing an ideal homogeneous transformation matrix between the Y axis and the measuring head; Representing an installation pose matrix between the Y axis and the measuring head; representing a motion pose matrix between the Y axis and the measuring head; Actual error motion model of on-machine measuring platform The method comprises the following steps: Wherein, the Representing an actual homogeneous transformation matrix between the measuring head and the face gear workpiece; representing an actual homogeneous transformation matrix between a machine tool base and a face gear workpiece; representing an actual homogeneous transformation matrix between a machine tool base and a C axis; Representing an installation pose error matrix between a machine tool base and a C axis; representing a motion pose error matrix between a machine tool base and a C axis; Representing an actual homogeneous transformation matrix between the C-axis and the face gear workpiece; representing an installation pose error matrix between the C axis and the face gear workpiece; representing a motion pose error matrix between the C axis and the face gear workpiece; representing an actual homogeneous transformation matrix between a machine tool base and a measuring head; Representing an actual homogeneous transformation matrix between the machine tool base and the X axis; representing an installation pose error matrix between a machine tool base and an X axis; representing a motion pose error matrix between a machine tool base and an X axis; representing an actual homogeneous transformation matrix between the X axis and the Z axis; representing an installation pose error matrix between the X axis and the Z axis; representing a motion pose error matrix between the X axis and the Z axis; representing an actual homogeneous transformation matrix between the Z axis and the A axis; representing an installation pose error matrix between the Z axis and the A axis; representing a motion pose error matrix between the Z axis and the A axis; representing an actual homogeneous transformation matrix between the A axis and the Y axis; representing an installation pose error matrix between the A axis and the Y axis; representing a motion pose error matrix between the A axis and the Y axis; representing an actual homogeneous transformation matrix between the Y axis and the measuring head; Representing an installation pose error matrix between the Y axis and the measuring head; And representing a motion pose error matrix between the Y axis and the measuring head.
3. 3. The on-machine measurement and correction method of face gear tooth surface machining errors with consideration of geometric errors according to claim 1, wherein in the step 131), the geometric error equation of the X axis is: Wherein, the Representing a geometric error matrix of the X axis; representing a geometric error identification matrix of the X axis; an error matrix representing the X-axis; 、 And Straight line errors of X-axis in X, Y and Z directions are respectively shown; 、 And The angular errors of the X-axis in X, Y and Z directions are shown, respectively; Representing the X-axis positioning error measured when the X-axis moves along the ith measuring route; And Representing straightness errors measured in the Y direction and the Z direction respectively when the X axis moves along the ith measuring route; The geometrical error equation for the Y-axis is: Wherein, the Representing a geometrical error matrix of the Y axis; representing a geometric error identification matrix of the Y axis; an error matrix representing the Y-axis; 、 And The linear errors of the Y axis in X, Y and Z directions are respectively; 、 And The angular errors of the Y-axis in X, Y and Z directions are shown, respectively; Representing a Y-axis positioning error measured when the Y-axis moves along an ith measurement route; And Representing straightness errors measured in the X direction and the Z direction respectively when the Y axis moves along the ith measuring route; The geometrical error equation for the Z axis is: Wherein, the Representing a geometric error matrix of the Z axis; representing a geometric error identification matrix of the Z axis; an error matrix representing the Z axis; 、 And The straight errors of the Z axis in X, Y and the Z direction are respectively; 、 And The angle errors of the Z axis in X, Y and Z directions are respectively shown; Representing Z-axis positioning errors measured when the Z-axis moves along an ith measuring route; And Representing straightness errors measured in the Z direction and the Y direction respectively when the Z axis moves along the ith measuring route; 、 And Respectively representing the X-axis coordinate, Y-axis coordinate and Z-axis coordinate of the ideal point on the measuring line, i=1, 2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9.
4. 4. The on-machine measurement and correction method of face gear tooth surface machining errors with consideration of geometric errors according to claim 1, wherein in the step 131), a perpendicularity error equation between the X axis and the Y axis is: Wherein, the Representing the perpendicularity error between the X axis and the Y axis; representing the perpendicularity error between the Y axis and the Z axis; representing the perpendicularity error between the Z axis and the X axis; representing the deviation angle between the actual track and the theoretical track of the X axis; representing the deviation angle between the actual track and the theoretical track of the Y axis; Indicating the deviation angle between the actual trajectory and the theoretical trajectory of the Z axis.

Description

On-machine measurement and correction method for face gear tooth face machining errors considering geometric errors Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of error measurement, and particularly relates to an on-machine measurement and correction method for a face gear tooth surface machining error by considering geometric errors. Background The face gear transmission is a novel gear transmission mode, and has the advantages of good power splitting effect, compact structure, strong bearing capacity, high contact ratio, insensitivity to installation errors and the like compared with a bevel gear, so that the face gear transmission is widely applied to a main speed reducer splitting transmission device of a helicopter. The tooth surface precision directly influences the service life and the service performance of the whole machine, however, the face gear is a tooth shape with variable tooth thickness, and the processing process is complex. In the prior art, an off-line measurement mode is generally adopted to detect the machining precision of the face gear, and although the detection requirement can be met, secondary clamping is needed between face gear machining equipment and face gear measuring equipment, and because of the secondary clamping, the face gear workpiece influences the measuring precision due to factors such as installation change and the like, and meanwhile, the measuring efficiency is reduced. The Chinese patent with publication number CN114754698B discloses a planning and on-machine measuring method for tooth surface measuring points of face gears, and the on-machine measurement of the face gears is realized, but the influence of mechanical errors of a gear grinding machine on measuring results is not considered, and the measuring results cannot accurately reflect the machining errors of the face gears, so that the on-machine correction of the tooth surface machining errors cannot be carried out. Disclosure of Invention In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide an on-machine measurement and correction method for a tooth surface machining error of a face gear, which considers a geometric error, not only can realize on-machine measurement of the tooth surface error of the face gear, but also can reduce or even eliminate the influence of the geometric error of an on-machine measurement platform on a measurement result, so that the measurement result can accurately reflect the tooth surface machining error of the face gear, and thus, the tooth surface machining error of the face gear can be corrected on-machine. In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an on-machine measurement and correction method for the tooth surface machining error of a face gear taking geometrical errors into consideration comprises the following steps: step one, on-machine measurement geometric error compensation 11 The on-machine measuring platform comprises a gear grinding machine, a measuring head and a signal receiving device, wherein the measuring head is arranged on an A shaft of the gear grinding machine, and the signal receiving device is respectively connected with the measuring head and the gear grinding machine through signal wires; 12 On-machine measurement geometric error modeling Based on the topological structure of the on-machine measuring platform, respectively establishing an ideal error-free motion model of the on-machine measuring platformAnd the actual error motion model of the on-machine measuring platform 13 On-machine measurement geometry error identification 131 Linear axis geometry error identification Respectively constructing geometrical error equations of an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis of the on-machine measuring platform; Constructing a perpendicularity error equation between any two axes in an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis of the machine measurement platform; Measuring the comprehensive error after the geometric error coupling action by using a laser interferometer, and decoupling and separating the geometric errors of an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis of an on-machine measuring platform by using a 9-wire method; 132 Rotation axis geometric error identification Taking a club instrument as measurement equipment, respectively establishing a geometric error reverse identification model of the C axis and the A axis according to the functional relation among the club nominal length, the club installation angle, the workpiece ball installation angle, the geometric error and the measured club expansion and contraction amount in the rotating process of the C axis or the A axis of the rotating shaft of the on-machine measurement platform, and identifying each geometric error of the C axis and the A axis according to the measured club expansion and contraction amount; 14 With several errors of the linear axis and geometric errors of the rotating shaft obtained by identification, compensat