CN-116971725-B - Underwater hard rock crushing equipment

CN116971725BCN 116971725 BCN116971725 BCN 116971725BCN-116971725-B

Abstract

The invention relates to underwater hard rock crushing equipment which comprises a shell, a piston assembly and a driving assembly, wherein the shell is provided with a cavity, the cavity comprises a water hammer cavity, a piston cavity and a crushing cavity which are sequentially communicated from top to bottom, a through hole which is communicated with the crushing cavity is further formed in the periphery side of the lower end of the shell, the piston assembly comprises a rod body and a piston head which is arranged at one end of the rod body, the piston head is movably arranged in the piston cavity, the other end of the rod body stretches into the crushing cavity, the driving assembly is arranged in the shell, the driving assembly comprises a gas generating device and a first exhaust valve, and the gas generating device and the first exhaust valve are both positioned at the joint of the water hammer cavity and the piston cavity. According to the underwater reef crushing device, the rock is crushed through the water hammer effect and the incompressible characteristic of water, and compared with the existing underwater reef crushing device, the underwater reef crushing device is smaller in vibration noise and pollution emission.

Inventors

WEI WEI
CHEN SHUAIQI
XIONG TING

Assignees

武汉理工大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20230601

Claims (8)

1. An underwater hard rock crushing device, characterized in that it comprises: The shell is provided with a cavity extending along the vertical direction, the cavity comprises a water hammer cavity, a piston cavity and a crushing cavity which are sequentially communicated from top to bottom, a through hole which is communicated with the crushing cavity is further formed in the peripheral side of the lower end of the shell, and the water hammer cavity is used for containing liquid medium; The piston assembly comprises a rod body and a piston head arranged at one end of the rod body, the piston head is movably arranged in the piston cavity, the other end of the rod body stretches into the crushing cavity, and the rod body is in sealing sliding fit with the cavity wall of the crushing cavity; The driving assembly is arranged on the periphery of the shell and comprises a gas generating device and a first exhaust valve, the gas generating device and the first exhaust valve are both positioned at the joint of the water hammer cavity and the piston cavity, the gas generating device is used for inputting gas into the water hammer cavity and driving a liquid medium in the water hammer cavity to move upwards, and the first exhaust valve is used for exhausting the gas in the water hammer cavity so as to enable the liquid medium to move vertically downwards under the action of self gravity and drive the piston head to slide vertically downwards; the underwater hard rock crushing equipment further comprises a locking component, wherein the locking component is arranged in the piston cavity and is matched with the piston component, so that when the gas generating device inputs air into the water hammer cavity, the locking component is used for limiting the piston component to vertically move downwards when the driving component drives a liquid medium in the water hammer cavity to move upwards, and when the liquid medium in the water hammer cavity vertically moves downwards under the action of self gravity, the limitation of the piston component is relieved; a boss is arranged in the middle of the rod body in a surrounding manner; The locking assembly comprises a plurality of locking pieces and a driving mechanism, the plurality of locking pieces are arranged on the circumference of the rod body at intervals along the circumferential direction of the rod body, each locking piece is movably arranged in the piston cavity along the direction close to and far away from the rod body, when the locking piece moves towards the direction close to the rod body, the upper side face of the locking piece is abutted to the lower side face of the boss so as to limit the rod body to move downwards vertically, and the driving mechanism is respectively connected with the plurality of locking pieces so as to synchronously drive the locking pieces to move through the driving mechanism.
2. The underwater hard rock crushing equipment according to claim 1, further comprising a connecting piece, wherein the connecting piece is sleeved on the periphery of the shell and is positioned at the joint of the water hammer cavity and the piston cavity, the connecting piece is provided with a pressure building chamber, the pressure building chamber is annularly arranged and communicated with the cavity of the shell, and the gas generating device and the first exhaust valve are both arranged on the peripheral side wall of the pressure building chamber and are circumferentially arranged at equal intervals.
3. An underwater hard rock breaking apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein a plurality of the gas generating devices are provided, the plurality of gas generating devices being arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the pressure build chamber.
4. The underwater hard rock crushing equipment of claim 1, wherein the through holes are provided in plurality, and/or, The end of the lower end of the shell is arranged in a conical shape.
5. The underwater hard rock crushing equipment according to claim 1, further comprising a partition plate arranged in the piston cavity to divide the piston cavity into a first cavity and a second cavity which are arranged from top to bottom, wherein a connecting hole is formed in the middle of the partition plate in a penetrating manner, the piston head is located in the first cavity, and the rod body penetrates through the connecting hole and is in sliding sealing fit with the connecting hole.
6. The underwater hard rock crushing apparatus of claim 5, wherein the partition is provided with a medium passage communicating the first chamber and the second chamber; the underwater hard rock crushing equipment further comprises a first one-way valve, wherein the first one-way valve is arranged in the medium channel and used for enabling a medium of the first chamber to flow to the second chamber.
7. The underwater hard rock crushing equipment of claim 6, further comprising a second exhaust valve provided to the housing at a lower end of the first chamber, the second exhaust valve being for exhausting gas in the first chamber to the outside.
8. The underwater hard rock crushing equipment of claim 1, wherein the shell is further provided with a water injection hole communicated with the crushing cavity, a second one-way valve is arranged in the water injection hole, and the second one-way valve is used for enabling an external liquid medium to flow into the crushing cavity.

Description

Underwater hard rock crushing equipment Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of rock breaking equipment, in particular to underwater hard rock breaking equipment. Background The navigation capability of the current national river channel can not meet the requirements of economic and social development, and the construction of the national high-grade channel and the national channel network in the next few years is urgent to expand and upgrade a large number of channels to improve the navigation capability, so that the primary work for realizing the construction targets is channel dredging depth. Channel dredging depth requires removal of sludge and sand on the surface layer of the bottom of the channel, and hard spots and large-area bedrock are commonly encountered in channel renovation projects in partial areas and large-scale deep groove excavation projects. The technical field of carbon dioxide blasting construction of the patent CN113566663B comprises the following steps of S1 filling a burst pipe, S2 underwater surveying, S3 blasting and drilling, S4 setting the burst pipe, S5 blasting operation and S6 layering blasting. According to the carbon dioxide underwater blasting construction method, the repeatedly-used carbon dioxide blasting tube is used instead of explosive, liquid carbon dioxide in the tube is vaporized under the condition of electrifying and heating to form high-pressure gas, and rock around a blast hole is broken by the aid of the blasting energy of the high-pressure gas. However, more upgrading and expanding projects of existing port channels exist at present, an operation area is often adjacent to a bridge tunnel, a wharf, a water conservancy junction and a bank building group, and the prior art brings safety risks to ships through carrying out blasting operation, so that the danger degree is high. Disclosure of Invention In view of the above, it is necessary to provide an underwater hard rock crushing device for solving the technical problem that the prior art brings safety risks to the ship and has higher risk degree by carrying out blasting operation. The invention provides an underwater hard rock crushing device, comprising: The shell is provided with a cavity extending along the vertical direction, the cavity comprises a water hammer cavity, a piston cavity and a crushing cavity which are sequentially communicated from top to bottom, a through hole which is communicated with the crushing cavity is further formed in the peripheral side of the lower end of the shell, and the water hammer cavity is used for containing liquid medium; The piston assembly comprises a rod body and a piston head arranged at one end of the rod body, the piston head is movably arranged in the piston cavity, the other end of the rod body stretches into the crushing cavity, and the rod body is in sealing sliding fit with the cavity wall of the crushing cavity; the driving assembly is arranged on the periphery of the shell and comprises a gas generating device and a first exhaust valve, the gas generating device and the first exhaust valve are both positioned at the joint of the water hammer cavity and the piston cavity, the gas generating device is used for inputting gas into the water hammer cavity and driving a liquid medium in the water hammer cavity to move upwards, and the first exhaust valve is used for exhausting the gas in the water hammer cavity so that the liquid medium vertically moves downwards under the action of self gravity to drive the piston head to vertically slide downwards. Optionally, the broken equipment of hard rock under water still includes the connecting piece, the connecting piece cup joint in the casing periphery, and be located the water hammer chamber with the junction in piston chamber, the connecting piece is equipped with the pressure and establishes the room, the pressure is established the room and is the cyclic annular setting, the pressure is established the room intercommunication the cavity of casing, wherein, gas generating device and first discharge valve all are located the outdoor circumference lateral wall of pressure establishment and along circumference equidistant arrangement. Optionally, a plurality of gas generating devices are provided, and the plurality of gas generating devices are distributed at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the pressure building chamber. Optionally, the underwater hard rock crushing device further comprises a locking component, wherein the locking component is arranged in the piston cavity and is matched with the piston component, when the gas generating device inputs air into the water hammer cavity, the locking component is used for limiting the piston component to vertically move downwards when the driving component drives the liquid medium in the water hammer cavity to move upwards, and limiting the piston component when the liquid medium in the water hammer cavity vertically moves downw