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CN-116989169-B - Automatic adjustable safety valve for railway locomotive

CN116989169BCN 116989169 BCN116989169 BCN 116989169BCN-116989169-B

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of safety valves, in particular to an automatic adjustable safety valve for a railway locomotive, which is used for being connected to a hydrostatic system and comprises a valve body, a slide valve component, a needle valve component and a damping component, wherein one end of the valve body is connected with the damping component, a valve body inner cavity is arranged in the valve body, one end of the valve body, which is far away from the damping component, is provided with an oil inlet cavity communicated with the valve body inner cavity, the middle part of the valve body is provided with a first oil outlet cavity, one end, which is close to the damping component, of the valve body is provided with the needle valve component, oil of the hydrostatic pump on the hydrostatic system is subjected to flow regulation through the needle valve component and the slide valve component, and oil is discharged in stages through the arrangement of the first oil outlet cavity, the second oil outlet cavity and the third oil outlet cavity, so that pressure regulation effect is achieved, and all elements in the hydrostatic system are protected from damage.

Inventors

  • ZHOU CHAOMING
  • TANG CHAOZHONG
  • LI XIAOHUI
  • YANG DEJIN

Assignees

  • 宁波国创机车装备有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20230808

Claims (8)

  1. 1. The automatic adjustable safety valve for the railway locomotive is used for being connected to a hydrostatic system and is characterized by comprising a valve body (1), a slide valve component (2), a needle valve component (3) and a damping component (4), wherein one end of the valve body (1) is connected with the damping component (4), a valve body inner cavity (10) is arranged in the valve body (1), an oil inlet cavity (100) communicated with the valve body inner cavity (10) is arranged on a side wall, close to one end, of the valve body (1) far away from the damping component (4), of the valve body (1), a first oil outlet cavity (11) is arranged on the side wall, close to one end of the damping component (4), of the valve body (1), a second oil outlet cavity (12) is arranged on the side wall, close to the needle valve component (3), of the valve body (1) and is communicated with the second oil outlet cavity (12) through a first pipeline (14), and a third oil outlet cavity (13) is arranged on the valve body (4), and is communicated with the second oil outlet cavity (12) through a damping component (15); The sliding valve assembly (2) comprises a sliding valve core (21), wherein the sliding valve core (21) is used for moving in the valve body inner cavity (10), a first through oil duct (22), a second through oil duct (23), a first cavity (24) and a second cavity (25) are arranged on the sliding valve core (21), the first through oil duct (22) is used for communicating the oil inlet cavity (100) and the first oil outlet cavity (11), the first cavity (24) and the second cavity (25) are respectively arranged at two ends of the sliding valve core (21) and are communicated with the valve body inner cavity (10), the second through oil duct (23) is used for communicating between the first cavity (24) and the second cavity (25), and the second through oil duct (23) is intersected with the first through oil duct (22) and is communicated with the first through oil duct (22). The needle valve assembly (3) comprises a needle valve body (31) and a needle valve core (35), a needle valve cavity (32) is arranged in the needle valve body (31), a first oil through port (33) is arranged on one side, facing the second cavity (25) of the slide valve assembly (2), of the needle valve body (31), the first oil through port (33) is used for communicating the valve body cavity (10) and the needle valve cavity (32), and the needle valve core (35) is used for moving in the needle valve cavity (32) to block the first oil through port (33); A second oil through hole (34) is formed in one side, facing the second oil outlet cavity (12), of the needle valve body (31), and the second oil through hole (34) is used for communicating the needle valve inner cavity (32) with the second oil outlet cavity (12); The damping assembly (4) comprises a damping shell (41), a damping valve core (42) and a damping spring (43), a first damping inner cavity (44), a second damping inner cavity (45) and a damping sliding cavity (46) are arranged in the damping shell (41), the first damping inner cavity (44) is close to the needle valve assembly (3), the second damping inner cavity (45) is far away from the needle valve assembly (3), the damping sliding cavity (46) is used for communicating the first damping inner cavity (44) and the second damping inner cavity (45), and the damping valve core (42) is slidably arranged in the damping sliding cavity (46) and moves between the first damping inner cavity (44) and the damping sliding cavity (46); the damping spring (43) is connected between the inner wall of the first damping cavity (44) and the damping valve core (42), the third oil outlet cavity (13) is communicated with the first damping cavity (44), a damping oil port (47) is formed in one end, close to the second damping cavity (45), of the damping shell (41), and the second pipeline (15) is connected with the damping oil port (47).
  2. 2. The automatic adjustable safety valve for a railway locomotive according to claim 1, wherein the needle valve assembly (3) further comprises a sliding rod (36), a needle valve spring (37), a fixing part (38) and a sliding part (39), one end of the needle valve body (31) far away from the spool valve core (21) is connected with the damping assembly (4), one end of the needle valve body (31) far away from the spool valve core (21) is provided with a needle valve communication hole (310), the needle valve communication hole (310) is used for communicating the needle valve inner cavity (32) and the damping assembly (4), the sliding rod (36) is slidably arranged in the needle valve communication hole (310), one end of the sliding rod (36) is positioned in the damping assembly (4), the other end of the sliding rod (36) is positioned in the needle valve inner cavity (32), the part of the sliding rod (36) positioned in the needle valve inner cavity (32) is provided with a sliding groove (360), the valve head (351) of the valve core (35) is used for blocking the first oil through hole (33), and the valve head (351) of the valve core (35) is arranged in the sliding groove (360); The fixed part (38) is fixed at one end of the valve rod (352) close to the valve head (351), the sliding part (39) is in sliding sleeve connection with one end of the valve rod (352) far away from the valve head (351), and the needle valve spring (37) is connected between the fixed part (38) and the sliding part (39).
  3. 3. The automatic adjustable safety valve for a railway locomotive according to claim 1, wherein the spool valve assembly (2) further comprises a spool valve spring (26), a groove is formed in the needle valve body (31) toward one side of the spool valve element (21), one end of the spool valve spring (26) is mounted in the second cavity (25), and the other end of the spool valve spring (26) is mounted in the groove.
  4. 4. The automatic adjustable safety valve for a railroad locomotive according to claim 1, wherein the spool valve assembly (2) further comprises a damper plug (27), a flow hole is provided through the damper plug (27), and the damper plug (27) is installed in the second through-passage (23) at an end near the second cavity (25) so that the flow hole communicates the second cavity (25) with the second through-passage (23).
  5. 5. The automatic adjustable safety valve for the railway locomotive according to claim 1, wherein a mounting hole (410) is formed in one end of the damping shell (41) facing the needle valve body (31), the needle valve body (31) is inserted into the first damping inner cavity (44) from the mounting hole (410), and the damping spring (43) is sleeved on one end of the needle valve body (31) located in the first damping inner cavity (44).
  6. 6. The automatic adjustable safety valve for a railway locomotive according to claim 5, wherein the damping assembly (4) further comprises a damping screw (48) and a damping nut (49), a damping screw hole (480) is formed in the damping valve core (42) in a penetrating manner, the damping screw (48) is in threaded connection with the damping screw hole (480), the damping nut (49) is mounted on one end, close to the second damping inner cavity (45), of the damping screw (48), and one end, close to the first damping inner cavity (44), of the damping screw (48) is used for being abutted against the sliding rod (36).
  7. 7. The automatic adjustable safety valve for a railway locomotive according to claim 1, further comprising a hydrostatic oil tank, wherein the third oil outlet cavity (13) is connected with a third pipeline, one end of the third pipeline away from the shock absorption assembly (4) is connected with the hydrostatic oil tank, and the first oil outlet cavity (11) is used for being connected with the hydrostatic oil tank.
  8. 8. The automatic adjustable safety valve for a railroad locomotive of claim 1, further comprising a joint ball valve (5), the joint ball valve (5) being mounted at the second oil outlet chamber (12) and being adapted to be connected to the second pipe (15).

Description

Automatic adjustable safety valve for railway locomotive Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of safety valves, in particular to an automatic adjustable safety valve for a railway locomotive. Background Hydrostatic systems are increasingly being used in the fields of chemical industry, construction, automobiles, aerospace, etc., and the use of relief valves is essential to ensure proper operation of the hydrostatic systems. The safety valve is a protective valve, and is automatically opened when the pressure of the medium is higher than the allowable pressure value, the medium is discharged outwards, and the safety valve is closed again along with the reduction of the pressure of the medium. At present, when a diesel engine in a hydrostatic system is started or is accelerated in a pipeline of a pipeline control unit of a railway vehicle, short oil pressure in a high-pressure pipeline of the hydrostatic system is raised to open a safety valve, but the pressure of the safety valve in the prior art is basically constant after being regulated, the pressure regulating effect is smaller, so that short oil pressure impact is generated in the high-pressure pipeline of the hydrostatic system, the impact pressure is several times higher than the normal working pressure of the system, the elements of the system are greatly damaged, and even a high-pressure hose bursts, so that a locomotive cannot continue to operate, and malignant accidents such as machine break and the like are caused. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to solve the problem that short oil pressure impact in a high-pressure pipeline of a hydrostatic system causes great damage to each element of the system when the existing diesel engine is started or is accelerated. In order to solve the problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: The automatic adjustable safety valve for the railway locomotive comprises a valve body, a slide valve assembly, a needle valve assembly and a damping assembly, wherein one end of the valve body is connected with the damping assembly, a valve body inner cavity is formed in the valve body, an oil inlet cavity communicated with the valve body inner cavity is formed in a side wall, close to one end, of the valve body, far away from the damping assembly, of the valve body, a first oil outlet cavity is formed in the side wall of the middle of the valve body, the needle valve assembly is arranged at one end, close to the damping assembly, of the interior of the valve body, a second oil outlet cavity is formed in the side wall, facing the needle valve assembly, of the valve body, the first oil outlet cavity is communicated with the second oil outlet cavity through a first pipeline, and a third oil outlet cavity is formed in the damping assembly and is communicated with the damping assembly through a second pipeline; The sliding valve assembly comprises a sliding valve core, the sliding valve core is used for moving in an inner cavity of the valve body, a first oil passage, a second oil passage, a first cavity and a second cavity are formed in the sliding valve core, the first oil passage is used for communicating the oil inlet cavity and the first oil outlet cavity, the first cavity and the second cavity are respectively formed in two ends of the sliding valve core and are communicated with the inner cavity of the valve body, the second oil passage is used for communicating between the first cavity and the second cavity, and the second oil passage is intersected with the first oil passage and is communicated. Compared with the prior art, the automatic adjustable safety valve for the railway locomotive has the following beneficial effects: When the hydraulic control valve works, oil of a hydrostatic pump on the hydrostatic system enters a first oil passage from an oil inlet cavity, oil flows into a first cavity and a second cavity through the first oil passage and a second oil passage, oil flows into the inner cavity of a valve body through the second cavity to act on a needle valve assembly, when the oil pressure in the inner cavity of the valve body exceeds the preset pressure of an automatic adjustable safety valve for a railway locomotive, the needle valve assembly is opened, and part of oil in the inner cavity of the valve body between the spool valve assembly and the needle valve assembly enters the needle valve assembly and is discharged into a second oil outlet cavity; the first oil outlet cavity is communicated with the second oil outlet cavity through a first pipeline, the second oil outlet cavity is communicated with the damping component through a second pipeline, a third oil outlet cavity is arranged on the damping component, so that part of oil discharged into the second oil outlet cavity flows to the first oil outlet cavity through the first pipeline, and is discharged into a hydrostatic oil tank in the hydrostatic system, the other part of oil flows into the dampin