CN-117012415-B - Passive heat deriving device for pool type reactor and arrangement method thereof

CN117012415BCN 117012415 BCN117012415 BCN 117012415BCN-117012415-B

Abstract

The invention discloses a passive heat deriving device of a pool reactor and an arrangement method thereof, wherein the device comprises the following components: each system comprises a hot end heat exchanger and a cold end heat exchanger, and a pipeline for forming the internal circulation of a working medium is arranged between the two heat exchangers. The hot end heat exchanger is arranged in the water piling pool, and the cold end heat exchanger is arranged outside the water piling pool. The deep well structure with larger length-diameter ratio of the water piling pool, the difference of water depths and water temperatures of different pools and the complex arrangement and compactness of internal piling components are considered, the hot end heat exchanger is arranged in a layered manner by utilizing the longitudinal space in the water piling pool, the cold end heat exchanger is arranged by leaning against the outer wall of a factory building of a piling hall, and a chimney structure or a cooling tower is constructed around the cold end heat exchanger by depending on the outer wall to enhance heat exchange. The invention utilizes the heat pipe technology, and through reasonable arrangement of the passive heat leading-out device, the device can rapidly lead out the heat of the pool water of the water piling pool under the accident state, thereby avoiding the boiling of the pool water.

Inventors

LIU JIANHUI
LV JUN
CHENG HONGYAN
WANG YUKUN
WANG YAXIONG
LIU SHUAI

Assignees

中国核电工程有限公司
中国核能电力股份有限公司
中核核电运行管理有限公司
江苏核电有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20230801

Claims (11)

1. The passive heat deriving device of pool reactor is characterized by comprising: The lower heat exchange system is provided with a first hot end heat exchanger and a first cold end heat exchanger, wherein working medium internal circulation is formed between the first hot end heat exchanger and the first cold end heat exchanger, the first hot end heat exchanger is arranged in a lower layer area of the deep of the reactor pool, and the first cold end heat exchanger is arranged outside the reactor pool; the upper heat exchange system is suitable for being started when the water temperature of the upper region of the water piling pool reaches a set temperature and operates together with the lower heat exchange system so as to rapidly lead out the heat in the water piling pool; The first hot-end heat exchanger of the lower heat exchange system and the second hot-end heat exchanger of the upper heat exchange system are distributed and arranged in the space between each inner pile component and the water tank gate along the inner wall of the water tank, and heat in the water tank is brought to the cold-end heat exchanger outside the water tank through the hot-end heat exchangers at different positions in the transverse space and the longitudinal space.
2. The pool reactor passive heat deriving device according to claim 1, wherein the lower layer region of the pool is a region close to the core, the upper layer region of the pool is a region far away from the core, the lower layer region of the pool is located below the upper layer region of the pool, and the hot end heat exchanger of the lower layer heat exchange system is located below the hot end heat exchanger of the upper layer heat exchange system.
3. A pool reactor passive heat deriving device according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower heat exchange system comprises at least one first hot side heat exchanger (2), the lower heat exchange system further comprises a first cooling tower and at least one first cold side heat exchanger (4), the working medium outlet of the first hot side heat exchanger (2) is communicated with the working medium inlet of the first cold side heat exchanger (4) through a lower region ascending pipe (6), the working medium outlet of the first cold side heat exchanger (4) is communicated with the working medium inlet of the first hot side heat exchanger (2) through a lower region descending pipe (8), and the lower region ascending pipe (6) and the lower region descending pipe (8) are respectively provided with a first isolation valve; The upper heat exchange system comprises at least one second hot end heat exchanger (1), the upper heat exchange system further comprises a second cooling tower and at least one second cold end heat exchanger (3), a working medium outlet of the second hot end heat exchanger (1) is communicated with a working medium inlet of the second cold end heat exchanger (3) through an upper region ascending pipe (5), a working medium outlet of the second cold end heat exchanger (3) is communicated with a working medium inlet of the second hot end heat exchanger (1) through an upper region descending pipe (7), and second isolation valves are respectively arranged on the upper region ascending pipe (5) and the upper region descending pipe (7).
4. The pool reactor passive heat deriving device according to claim 1, wherein the first hot-end heat exchangers (2) of the lower heat exchanging system are arranged in a plurality and distributed along the peripheral wall surface of the pool, and the first hot-end heat exchangers (2) are connected in parallel or independent of each other; And/or The second hot-end heat exchangers (1) of the upper heat exchange system are arranged in a plurality of and distributed along the peripheral wall surface of the water piling pool, the second hot-end heat exchangers (1) are connected in parallel or independent of each other, the second cold-end heat exchangers (3) of the upper heat exchange system are arranged in a plurality of and inclined manner, and the second cold-end heat exchangers (3) are connected in parallel or independent of each other.
5. The passive heat transfer device according to claim 3, wherein the first cooling tower is a water cooling tower or a chimney structure, and the second cooling tower is a water cooling tower or a chimney structure.
6. The pool reactor passive heat deriving device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising: the vacuum unit (16) is connected with the upper heat exchange system and/or the lower heat exchange system, and the vacuum unit (16) is suitable for vacuumizing the upper heat exchange system and/or the lower heat exchange system so as to reduce the boiling point of a working medium; And/or The working medium supply unit is connected with the upper heat exchange system and/or the lower heat exchange system and is suitable for supplying working medium for the upper heat exchange system and/or the lower heat exchange system.
7. A method for arranging a passive heat-conducting device of a pool-type reactor is characterized in that, the method is a method for arranging the passive heat deriving device of the pool reactor according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and specifically comprises the following steps: Dividing a water piling pool into a lower layer area and an upper layer area which are distributed from bottom to top; Arranging a first hot-end heat exchanger of a lower heat exchange system in a lower layer region of a water piling pool, and arranging a first cold-end heat exchanger of the lower heat exchange system outside the water piling pool; and arranging a second hot-end heat exchanger of the upper heat exchange system in an upper region of the water stacking pool, and arranging a second cold-end heat exchanger of the upper heat exchange system outside the water stacking pool.
8. The method for arranging a passive heat transfer device of a pool reactor according to claim 7, wherein one or more first hot side heat exchangers (2) are arranged in a dispersed manner along the surface of the pool of the reactor when the hot side heat exchangers of the underlying heat transfer system are arranged; One or more second hot side heat exchangers (1) are distributed along the peripheral wall surface of the water piling pool when the hot side heat exchangers of the upper layer heat exchange system are arranged.
9. A method of arranging a pool reactor passive heat deriving device according to claim 7, characterized in that, when arranging the first cold-end heat exchangers (4) of the underlying heat exchanging system, one or more first cold-end heat exchangers (4) are arranged obliquely in the first cooling tower, and the working medium inlet of the first cold-end heat exchanger (4) is arranged at the top, and the working medium outlet of the first cold-end heat exchanger (4) is arranged at the bottom; And when the second cold-end heat exchangers (3) of the upper heat exchange system are arranged, one or more second cold-end heat exchangers (3) are obliquely arranged in the second cooling tower, the working medium inlet of the second cold-end heat exchangers (3) is arranged at the top, and the working medium outlet of the second cold-end heat exchangers (3) is arranged at the bottom.
10. A method of arranging a pool reactor passive heat deriving device according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterised in that, in carrying out the first cooling tower arrangement of the first cold end heat exchanger (4) of the underlying heat exchanging system, the first cooling tower is arranged around the first cold end heat exchanger (4) by means of the valve-operated compartment external wall of the reactor building (27); And when the second cooling tower of the second cold-end heat exchanger (3) of the upper heat exchange system is arranged, the second cooling tower is arranged around the second cold-end heat exchanger (3) by utilizing the valve operation room outer wall of the reactor factory (27).
11. The arrangement method of the pool reactor passive heat deriving device according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the outdoor valve operation room of the passive heat deriving device is set by using the outer wall of the reactor plant, the lower zone riser (6), the lower zone downcomer (8), the upper zone riser (5) and the upper zone downcomer (7) are arranged, and the lower zone riser isolation valve (11), the lower zone downcomer isolation valve (12), the upper zone riser isolation valve (9) and the upper zone downcomer isolation valve (10) are correspondingly arranged.

Description

Passive heat deriving device for pool type reactor and arrangement method thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of safety design of nuclear reactor cooling devices, in particular to a passive heat export device of a pool type reactor and an arrangement method thereof, which are mainly used for exporting heat in a reactor pool of a low-temperature normal-pressure pool type reactor. Background The realization of the passive waste heat leading-out function is one of important characteristics of the current advanced reactor, and passive waste heat discharging systems are arranged in advanced pile types such as AP1000, VVER, PIUS, 600, SMART, CAREM and the like. In the pool type reactor design, due to the characteristic of open design of a pool of a reactor, the reactor can only operate under low temperature and normal pressure, and still can lead out heat generated by a reactor core in the pool of the reactor by a safety level active system under accident working conditions, the aim of leading out passive waste heat is not achieved by the current advanced pile type reactor, and if the heat generated by the reactor core in the pool of the reactor is led out by boiling pool water, the problem of emission of radioactive substances to the environment can be brought, the environment friendliness is greatly reduced, and the adjacent effect is generated. Most of passive waste heat discharging technologies currently applied in reactor engineering are based on shell-type reactors, and the filed patents comprise China patent application publication No. CN105957567B, china patent application publication No. CN115240880B and the like, and although the above patents realize the export of the waste heat of the reactor core, the passive waste heat discharging technology is applied to a high-temperature and high-pressure environment in a containment, and the arrangement mode of a heat exchanger is not suitable for the normal-pressure and low-temperature reactor pool operation environment conditions of a pool-type reactor. Meanwhile, compared with a large space in the containment, the pool type pile pool is of a deep well type structure, the arrangement of components in the pile is complex, the space is relatively tense, and the available space of the passive heat deriving device is limited. The chinese patent publication No. CN111508624a discloses a cooling system, which discloses that the first heat exchanger is placed in the pool type reactor pool, the water inside the first heat exchanger absorbs the heat of the pool water and evaporates into gas, and the gas moves to the second heat exchanger outside the pool and then exchanges the heat to the air in the induced air device to take out the waste heat of the reactor core. However, the patent does not reasonably arrange the heat exchangers aiming at the deep well type reactor pool, does not give interference conditions of the heat exchangers and the objects in the pool, can not adjust the input time of the heat exchange system according to the change of the pool water temperature caused by the heat release power of the reactor core in the accident process under the accident working condition, and furthest matches the heat conduction requirement of the pool water. Disclosure of Invention Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a passive heat export device and an arrangement method thereof which are longitudinally arranged in a layered manner aiming at the characteristics of deep well type structure and complex arrangement of items in a pool and the distribution characteristics of temperature fields in the pool, so as to solve the problem of item interference caused by the same layer arrangement of the existing cooling system, and fully utilize higher temperature of a deep water layer to improve heat exchange efficiency or put in advance. In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a pool reactor passive heat deriving device comprising: The lower heat exchange system is provided with a first hot end heat exchanger and a first cold end heat exchanger, wherein working medium internal circulation is formed between the first hot end heat exchanger and the first cold end heat exchanger, the first hot end heat exchanger is arranged in a lower layer area of the reactor pool, and the first cold end heat exchanger is arranged outside the reactor pool; the upper heat exchange system is suitable for being started when the water temperature of the upper region of the water piling pool reaches a set temperature and operates together with the lower heat exchange system so as to rapidly lead out the heat in the water piling pool; The first hot-end heat exchanger of the lower heat exchange system and the second hot-end heat exchanger of the lower heat exchange system are distributed and arranged in the space between each inner pile component and the water tank gate along