CN-117027641-B - Rectangular slide-resistant pile mechanical hole forming method with haunched horizontal cantilever for reamer

CN117027641BCN 117027641 BCN117027641 BCN 117027641BCN-117027641-B

Abstract

The invention discloses a mechanical hole forming method of a rectangular slide-resistant pile with a haunched horizontal cantilever, which comprises the steps of combining a plurality of drilling machines to form a rectangular structure corresponding to the size of a rectangular pile hole, controlling multifunctional drilling components on all the drilling machines to drill down a stratum to the designed elevation at the top of the haunched hole, controlling vertical hydraulic cylinders on all the drilling machines to drive the multifunctional drilling components to continue to drill down the stratum to the designed depth of the horizontal cantilever pile hole, enabling piston rods of the horizontal hydraulic cylinders to extend to drive the multifunctional drilling components to laterally move, enabling piston rods of the vertical hydraulic cylinders to extend to drive the multifunctional drilling components to move downwards, controlling the horizontal hydraulic cylinders to drive the multifunctional drilling components to drill out the horizontal cantilever pile hole, and continuously controlling the multifunctional drilling components on all the drilling machines to drill down the stratum to the designed depth of the rectangular pile hole. The rectangular pile hole drilling machine has the advantages that according to different sizes of rectangular pile holes, corresponding number of drilling machines which form a rectangular structure are arranged on the rectangular anti-slide pile drilling machine so as to drill the rectangular pile holes.

Inventors

ZHAO LU
HUANG CHANGFU
YAO TIEJUN
LI SHAOHUA

Assignees

中铁十五局集团有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20230829

Claims (9)

1. A mechanical pore-forming method for rectangular slide-resistant piles with haunched horizontal cantilevers for reamers is characterized by comprising the following steps: S1, combining a plurality of drilling machines according to the size of a rectangular pile hole to form a rectangular structure corresponding to the size of the rectangular pile hole, and sequentially arranging a slag body treatment mechanism, a vertical hydraulic assembly and a multifunctional drilling assembly on each drilling machine from top to bottom, wherein: The vertical hydraulic assembly comprises a plurality of vertical hydraulic cylinders, the end faces of cylinder barrels of the vertical hydraulic cylinders are fixed at the bottom of the slag body treatment mechanism, and piston rods of the vertical hydraulic cylinders are connected with the multifunctional drill assembly; The multifunctional drill assembly comprises a plurality of cylindrical drill assemblies, a U-shaped fork plate, a sliding reaction frame and a horizontal hydraulic cylinder, wherein the cylindrical drill assemblies are arranged on the U-shaped fork plate and are arranged in a matrix on a vertical plane and a horizontal plane, and the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the sliding reaction frame and drives the U-shaped fork plate to move laterally; s2, enabling piston rods of the horizontal hydraulic cylinders and piston rods of the vertical hydraulic cylinders on all drilling machines to be in a standby state with minimum travel, controlling the cylindrical drilling assemblies on a horizontal plane in all the multifunctional drilling assemblies on the drilling machines to drill down stratum to the top design elevation of a haunched hole, controlling the vertical hydraulic cylinders on all the drilling machines to drive the multifunctional drilling assemblies to continuously drill down stratum to the design depth of a horizontal cantilever pile hole, and forming a free section of the rectangular pile hole; S3, enabling piston rods of all the vertical hydraulic cylinders on the drilling machine to retract to the minimum stroke, opening the cylindrical drilling assemblies on the vertical surface and the horizontal surface in the multifunctional drilling assembly on the drilling machine, which is arranged close to the haunching hole and the horizontal cantilever pile hole excavation part, and simultaneously opening the horizontal hydraulic cylinders and the vertical hydraulic cylinders, wherein the piston rods of the horizontal hydraulic cylinders extend to drive the multifunctional drilling assembly to laterally move, and the piston rods of the vertical hydraulic cylinders extend to drive the multifunctional drilling assembly to move downwards so as to drill and excavate the stratum to form the haunched hole; s4, controlling the horizontal hydraulic cylinder to drive the cylindrical drilling assembly on the vertical surface in the multifunctional drilling assembly to drill the horizontal cantilever pile hole outwards until the design length of the horizontal cantilever pile hole is reached; And S5, retracting the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder to the minimum stroke and stopping working, retracting the piston rod of the vertical hydraulic cylinder to the minimum stroke and stopping working, and continuously controlling the cylindrical drilling assemblies on the horizontal plane in the multifunctional drilling assemblies on the drilling machine to drill down the stratum to the designed depth of the rectangular pile hole so as to form the embedded section of the rectangular pile hole.
2. The mechanical hole forming method for rectangular slide piles with haunched horizontal cantilevers for reamers according to claim 1, characterized in that in step S1, the connection form between the drilling machine and the drill carriage on the ground is selected according to the design depth of the rectangular pile holes, wherein the connection form is through vertical drill pipe connection or through cable connection; If the design depth of the rectangular pile hole is within the length range of the vertical drilling rod, the vertical drilling rod is arranged on the drill carriage, and the lower end of the vertical drilling rod is connected with the drilling machine; and if the design depth of the rectangular pile hole exceeds the length of the vertical drilling rod, arranging the cable on the drill carriage, and hoisting the drilling machine at the lower end of the cable.
3. The mechanical pore-forming method for the rectangular slide-resistant pile with the haunched horizontal cantilever of the reamer, according to claim 2, characterized in that the drill carriage comprises a vehicle-mounted platform, a steel upright post, a pull rod, a hinged shaft, a guide rail, a sliding block and a steel cantilever beam, wherein the steel upright post is vertically arranged on the vehicle-mounted platform, the upper end of the pull rod is hinged with the upper end of the steel upright post, the lower end of the pull rod is hinged with the hinged shaft fixed on the vehicle-mounted platform, the guide rail is vertically arranged and fixed along the steel upright post, the sliding block is slidably assembled on the guide rail, and the steel cantilever beam is fixed on the sliding block; when the drill carriage is connected with the drilling machine by adopting the vertical drill rod, a rotating motor is arranged on the steel cantilever and drives the vertical drill rod to rotate; when the drill carriage is connected with the drilling machine through the cable, a set of hoisting motors are fixedly arranged on the steel cantilever beam and drive the cable to hoist the drilling machine in the vertical direction, and a cable bracket is fixedly arranged below the steel cantilever beam.
4. The mechanical hole forming method for rectangular slide pile with haunched horizontal cantilever for reamer as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that in step S1, the stratum drilled by the driller is an earthen stratum; The slag body treatment mechanism comprises a stirring device, a crushing device, a slag suction system, a slag discharge system and a grouting system; The stirring device comprises a stirring box and a stirring mechanism, wherein a slag suction port, a slag discharge port and a slurry inlet are formed in the stirring box, the stirring mechanism comprises a main gear and a plurality of auxiliary gears which are meshed with the main gear for transmission, the main gear is driven by the lower end of a vertical drill rod or driven by a stirring motor, a stirring main rotating shaft extending into the stirring box is coaxially arranged on the main gear, stirring blades are arranged on the stirring main rotating shaft, a stirring auxiliary rotating shaft extending into the stirring box is coaxially arranged on the auxiliary gear, and stirring blades are arranged on the stirring auxiliary rotating shaft; The slag sucking system comprises a slag sucking main pipe and multifunctional slag sucking branch pipes branched from the suction ports of the slag sucking main pipe, suction heads of the multifunctional slag sucking branch pipes are connected into the multifunctional drill assembly and are arranged close to the cylindrical drill assembly, multifunctional slag sucking valves are arranged at the suction heads, and the multifunctional slag sucking branch pipes are connected with the slag sucking main pipe through telescopic pipes; The grouting system comprises a grouting main pipe and a grouting pump arranged on the grouting main pipe, wherein one port of the grouting main pipe is communicated with a grouting port on the stirring box so as to send slurry into the stirring box; The slag discharging system comprises a slag discharging pipe and a slag discharging pump arranged on the slag discharging pipe, and one port of the slag discharging pipe is communicated with a slag discharging port on the stirring box so as to pump sludge in the stirring box to the ground for collection.
5. The mechanical pore-forming method of rectangular slide-resistant pile with haunched horizontal cantilever for reamer drilling of claim 4, wherein the U-shaped fork plate consists of a web plate, wing plates arranged at two sides of the web plate and a steel support arranged in the middle of the web plate, the web plate comprises a horizontal web plate and a vertical web plate, the cylindrical drill component comprises two cylindrical drills and a motor for driving the cylindrical drills to rotate, the cylindrical drills consist of a cylinder and a plurality of stirring cutter components which are all arranged on the surface of the cylinder, a rotating shaft of the motor penetrates through the cylinders at two sides, the end parts of the rotating shaft are correspondingly arranged in the rotating shaft pores of the wing plates at two sides of the U-shaped fork plate, and a shell of the motor is welded and fixed on the steel support; The sliding reaction frame comprises a reaction plate, a rail plate and a connecting plate, wherein the rail plate is arranged at the top of the reaction plate, T-shaped sliding rails are fixed on two sides of the bottom of the rail plate, the connecting plates are respectively fixed on two sides of a web plate of the U-shaped fork plate, a sliding block is fixed on the top of the connecting plate, a T-shaped sliding groove matched with the T-shaped sliding rails is formed in the sliding block, the end face of a cylinder barrel of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the reaction plate of the sliding reaction frame, and a piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is connected with the vertical web plate of the U-shaped fork plate; the vertical hydraulic assembly further comprises a rigid enclosing block arranged along the circumference of the bottom of the stirring tank, and a circle of rubber pad is arranged at the bottom of the rigid enclosing block.
6. The mechanical hole forming method of rectangular slide pile with haunched horizontal cantilever according to claim 5, characterized in that in step S2 and step S5, in the process of vertically drilling down the earth formation by the multifunctional drilling assembly on the drilling machine, a slag sucking valve on the suction head arranged close to the cylindrical drilling assembly on the vertical surface in the multifunctional drilling assembly is closed, and a slag sucking valve on the suction head arranged close to the cylindrical drilling assembly on the horizontal surface in the multifunctional drilling assembly is opened, so as to suck the crushed sludge of the multifunctional drilling assembly into the crushing device, the crushing device crushes the sucked sludge for the second time and then sends the crushed sludge into the stirring box for stirring, and the grouting system pumps slurry into the stirring box in real time so as to mix with the sludge; in the step S3, in the process of forming the haunched hole by drilling the earth formation by the multifunctional drilling assembly on the drilling machine, which is close to the haunched hole and the horizontal cantilever pile hole excavation part, starting the slag sucking valves corresponding to all the suction heads on the drilling machine so as to suck the crushed sludge of the multifunctional drilling assembly into the crushing device, and sending the crushed sludge into the stirring box for stirring after the crushing device secondarily crushes the sucked sludge, wherein the grouting system pumps mud into the stirring box in real time so as to be mixed with the sludge; In step S4, in the process of driving the multifunctional drilling assembly to horizontally move outwards to drill the horizontal cantilever pile hole by the horizontal hydraulic cylinder on the drilling machine near the haunched hole and the horizontal cantilever pile hole excavation part, a slag sucking valve on the suction head near the cylindrical drilling assembly on the horizontal plane in the multifunctional drilling assembly is closed, and a slag sucking valve on the suction head near the cylindrical drilling assembly on the vertical plane in the multifunctional drilling assembly is opened, so that the crushed sludge of the multifunctional drilling assembly is sucked into the crushing device, the crushing device is used for secondarily crushing the sucked sludge and then sending the crushed sludge into the stirring box for stirring, the grouting system pumps the sludge into the stirring box in real time for mixing with the sludge, and the slag discharging system is used for pumping the sludge and the sludge mixture in the stirring box to the ground for collecting and processing in real time.
7. The mechanical hole forming method for rectangular slide pile with haunched horizontal cantilever for reamer as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that in step S1, the stratum drilled by the driller is a rock stratum; The slag body treatment mechanism comprises a stirring device, a crushing device, a slag suction system, a slag discharge system and a grouting system; The stirring device comprises a stirring box and a stirring mechanism arranged on the stirring box, wherein a slag suction port arranged on the stirring box is connected with a slag suction system, a slag discharge port arranged on the stirring box is connected with the slag discharge system, the grouting system is communicated into the multifunctional drill assembly, the stirring mechanism comprises a main gear and a plurality of auxiliary gears which are meshed with the main gear for transmission, the main gear is driven to rotate by a stirring motor or driven to rotate by the lower end of a vertical drill rod, a stirring main rotating shaft extending into the stirring box is coaxially arranged on the main gear, stirring auxiliary rotating shafts extending into the stirring box are coaxially arranged on the auxiliary gears, and stirring blades are arranged on the stirring auxiliary rotating shafts; The slag sucking system comprises a slag sucking main pipe and multifunctional slag sucking branch pipes branched from the suction ports of the slag sucking main pipe, suction heads of the multifunctional slag sucking branch pipes are connected into the multifunctional drill assembly and are arranged close to the cylindrical drill assembly, multifunctional slag sucking valves are arranged at the suction heads, and the multifunctional slag sucking branch pipes are connected with the slag sucking main pipe through telescopic pipes; The slag discharging system comprises a slag discharging pipe and a slag discharging pump arranged on the slag discharging pipe, and the lower port of the slag discharging pipe is communicated with the slag discharging port on the stirring box; the grouting system comprises a grouting main pipe, grouting pumps and multifunctional grouting branch pipes, one end of the grouting main pipe is connected with the grouting pumps which are located on the ground, the other end of the grouting main pipe is connected with a plurality of multifunctional grouting branch pipes, spray heads of the multifunctional grouting branch pipes are connected into the multifunctional drilling assembly and are close to the cylindrical drilling assembly, multifunctional grouting valves are arranged at the spray heads, and the multifunctional grouting branch pipes are connected with the grouting main pipe through telescopic pipes.
8. The mechanical hole forming method of rectangular slide pile with haunched horizontal cantilever for reamer drilling according to claim 7, wherein the U-shaped fork plate consists of a web, wing plates arranged at two sides of the web and a steel support arranged in the middle of the web, the web comprises a horizontal web and a vertical web, the cylindrical drill component comprises two cylinders, a motor for driving the cylinders to rotate, a plurality of hob components arranged at intervals on the surfaces of the cylinders and a plurality of reamer components arranged between the adjacent hob components, the hob components comprise hob bases and a circle of hob fixed on the hob bases, the reamer components comprise reamer bases and reamers obliquely fixed on the reamer bases, a rotating shaft of the motor penetrates through the cylinders at two sides and the end parts of the rotating shaft are correspondingly arranged in the rotating shaft holes of the wing plates at two sides of the U-shaped fork plate, and a shell of the motor is welded and fixed on the steel support; The sliding reaction frame comprises a reaction plate, a rail plate and a connecting plate, wherein the rail plate is arranged at the top of the reaction plate, T-shaped sliding rails are fixed on two sides of the bottom of the rail plate, the connecting plates are respectively fixed on two sides of a web plate of the U-shaped fork plate, a sliding block is fixed on the top of the connecting plate, a T-shaped sliding groove matched with the T-shaped sliding rails is formed in the sliding block, the end face of a cylinder barrel of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the reaction plate of the sliding reaction frame, and a piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is connected with the vertical web plate of the U-shaped fork plate; the vertical hydraulic assembly further comprises a rigid enclosing block arranged along the circumference of the bottom of the stirring tank, and a circle of rubber pad is arranged at the bottom of the rigid enclosing block.
9. The mechanical hole forming method for rectangular slide pile with haunched horizontal cantilever according to claim 8, characterized in that in step S2 and step S5, in all the process of drilling down rock formation vertically by the multifunctional drilling assembly on the drilling machine, the suction valve on the suction head and the grouting valve on the spray head close to the cylindrical drilling assembly on the vertical surface in the multifunctional drilling assembly are closed, and the grouting valve on the spray head close to the cylindrical drilling assembly on the horizontal surface in the multifunctional drilling assembly is opened to perform continuous slurry injection on the rock surface where the multifunctional drilling assembly is drilled, and simultaneously the suction valve on the suction head close to the cylindrical drilling assembly on the horizontal surface in the multifunctional drilling assembly is opened to suck the mixture of crushed rock blocks and slurry in the crushing device, and the crushing device sucks the sucked mixture of the crushed rock blocks and slurry into the crushing device; In the step S3, in the process of drilling a rock stratum to form the haunched hole by the multifunctional drilling assembly on the drilling machine, which is close to the haunched hole and the horizontal cantilever pile hole excavation part, grouting valves of all the spray heads on the drilling machine are opened so as to continuously inject mud into a rock surface where the multifunctional drilling assembly drills, and simultaneously, slag sucking valves on all the suction heads are opened so as to suck the crushed sludge of the multifunctional drilling assembly into the crushing device, the crushing device is used for crushing the sucked sludge for the second time and then sending the crushed sludge into the stirring box for stirring, and the grouting system is used for pumping mud into the stirring box in real time so as to mix the mud with the sludge; In step S4, in the process of driving the multifunctional drilling assembly to drill the horizontal cantilever pile hole by the horizontal hydraulic cylinder on the drilling machine near the armpit and the horizontal cantilever pile hole excavation part, a slag sucking valve on the suction head and a grouting valve on the spray head near the cylindrical drilling assembly on the horizontal plane in the multifunctional drilling assembly are closed, a grouting valve on the spray head near the cylindrical drilling assembly on the vertical plane in the multifunctional drilling assembly is opened, so as to perform continuous slurry injection on the rock surface near the drilling position of the multifunctional drilling assembly, and simultaneously, a slag sucking valve on the suction head near the cylindrical drilling assembly on the vertical plane in the multifunctional drilling assembly is opened, so that the mixture of the crushed rock blocks and slurry in the multifunctional drilling assembly is sucked into the crushing device, the crushed rock blocks and slurry mixture is crushed again by the crushing device, and then is conveyed into the slag sucking box, and the mixture is discharged into the stirring box for stirring and the stirring system, and the slurry is processed in real-time.

Description

Rectangular slide-resistant pile mechanical hole forming method with haunched horizontal cantilever for reamer Technical Field The invention belongs to the field of anti-slide pile drilling equipment, and particularly relates to a rectangular anti-slide pile mechanical hole forming method capable of expanding a hole to drill a rectangular anti-slide pile with a haunched horizontal cantilever. Background In the projects such as side slope support, roadbed construction, foundation pit excavation, tunnel entrance and exit construction and the like, the slide-resistant pile is the most effective measure capable of transmitting the side thrust of a rock-soil body into a stable stratum below a sliding surface, resisting the side thrust and treating the projects and geological disasters. The slide-resistant piles are divided into rectangular section slide-resistant piles and circular section slide-resistant piles. The rectangular anti-skid pile has the advantages of high lateral rigidity, high single pile bearing capacity and the like, and can effectively enhance the anti-skid force and improve the anti-skid coefficient. Therefore, rectangular-section slide piles are widely used in various engineering fields. The traditional rectangular section slide-resistant pile has a larger section and can not fully utilize the strength of rock-soil mass in front of the pile. For the anti-slide pile with the horizontal cantilever structure, the horizontal cantilever can fully utilize the strength of rock and soil mass in front of the pile, so that the anti-slide capacity of the anti-slide pile is improved, but the hole forming difficulty of a horizontal cantilever pile hole of the rectangular anti-slide pile with the horizontal cantilever is extremely high. And traditional rectangular section slide-resistant pile adopts artifical excavation and mechanical excavation mode generally, and the collapse that artifical hole pile construction caused accounts for 65% of the total number of collapse accident to inefficiency, with high costs, mechanical excavation is safer high-efficient. Therefore, the mechanical drilling of pile holes with the horizontal cantilever rectangular anti-slide piles in the rock and soil layers has important significance for ensuring the safety of constructors and improving the efficiency. At present, rectangular anti-slide pile drilling machine equipment and mechanical excavation modes are various, for example: The patent number CN 106836354A 'rectangular anti-slide pile mechanical pore-forming device' is characterized in that a rectangular shovel head is formed by a plurality of cutting blades, and a counterweight or a hydraulic propulsion device is arranged at the rear end of the shovel head to drill rectangular pile holes. The patent number CN 103244053A 'rectangular drilling machine' mainly drives T-shaped cutter heads uniformly distributed at the lower parts of two steel frames to move in opposite directions and reciprocate through two cam bodies, and cuts soil into rectangular holes. The patent number CN 104533300A rectangular drilling machine is characterized in that a conical drill bit is arranged at the bottom of a rectangular transmission case, cross-shaped long cutters are arranged on four sides of the rectangular transmission case, the conical drill bit drills to form a circular pile hole, and then the circular pile hole is trimmed into a rectangular pile hole through rotary cutting of the cross-shaped long cutters. The patent No. CN 207715083U 'a rectangular anti-slide pile hole-forming drilling machine' mainly sets a round drilling cylinder and a rectangular drilling cylinder at the bottom of a drill rod, the round drilling cylinder is screwed into a round pile hole, and then soil around the round pile hole is cut through the rectangular drilling cylinder to form a rectangular pile hole. The patent No. CN 105951798A, a rectangular drilling machine, mainly uses a motor to drive four concave waist cylinders with stirring blades to cut soil body, and drills rectangular pile holes. The existing drilling machine mainly forms vertical rectangular pile holes in a rock-soil body. But has the following problems that (1) a rectangular anti-slide pile hole with a haunched horizontal cantilever structure cannot be drilled in a rock soil body, and (2) other machines (grab buckets) or auxiliary measures (a mud positive circulation deslagging method) are adopted to clean the slag soil in the pile hole, so that the integration level of drilling and deslagging equipment is low, the construction efficiency is low and the cost is high. In terms of a rectangular slide pile mechanical construction method, for example: patent number CN 108678661A A square anti-slide pile pore-forming method and square drill bit for pore-forming uses the round drill bit of rotary drilling machine to drill at least one row of round guiding holes along the length direction of the cross section of square anti-slide pile hole, and the r