CN-117037760-B - Sound insulation plate and multi-cascade Helmholtz acoustic metamaterial resonance structure and design method thereof

CN117037760BCN 117037760 BCN117037760 BCN 117037760BCN-117037760-B

Abstract

The invention discloses a sound insulation plate and a multi-cascade Helmholtz acoustic metamaterial resonance structure and a design method thereof, which realize the effect of broadband sound insulation, have more abundant application scenes, optimize structural design, realize easy processing, reduce cost and the like. The multi-cascade Helmholtz acoustic metamaterial resonant structure comprises at least two stages of film-Helmholtz resonant structures and a homogenizing plate, wherein the at least two stages of film-Helmholtz resonant structures and the homogenizing plate are sequentially arranged along the sound wave incidence direction, each stage of film-Helmholtz resonant structure comprises a film and a plate, the films and the opposite surfaces of the plates are sequentially arranged along the sound wave incidence direction, the plates are provided with a first through hole and a second through hole which are sequentially and coaxially arranged along the sound wave incidence direction, the second through hole is communicated with the first through hole to form a resonant cavity of the film-Helmholtz resonant structure, the size of the second through hole is larger than that of the first through hole, and the first through hole and the second through hole of each stage of film-Helmholtz resonant structure are stepped with gradually larger opening sizes along the sound wave incidence direction.

Inventors

CHEN XIANGYU
FENG ZHENCHAO
XIAO WANGQIANG
Zhou Jinpin
FANG ZEFENG

Assignees

厦门环寂高科有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20230616

Claims (8)

1. A sound insulation plate, its characterized in that: A resonance unit is formed by a plurality of multi-cascade Helmholtz acoustic metamaterial resonance structures; the multi-cascade Helmholtz acoustic metamaterial resonance structure comprises at least two stages of film-Helmholtz resonance structures which are sequentially and fixedly connected along the incidence direction of sound waves, and a homogenizing plate for fixing the last stage of film-Helmholtz resonance structure, wherein each stage of film-Helmholtz resonance structure comprises films and plates which are sequentially arranged along the incidence direction of the sound waves, and the films are in sealed connection with opposite surfaces of the plates; The plate is provided with a first through hole and a second through hole which are coaxially arranged in sequence along the incidence direction of sound waves, the second through hole is communicated with the first through hole to form a resonant cavity of the film-Helmholtz resonant structure, the size of the second through hole is larger than that of the first through hole, the first through hole and the second through hole of each level of film-Helmholtz resonant structure are in a ladder shape with gradually larger opening sizes in the incidence direction of the sound waves, the sound insulation quantity of peak frequency is improved due to the coupling effect after the film-Helmholtz resonant structures are connected in series, and the effect of wideband sound insulation is realized by complementary combination of a plurality of sound insulation frequency bands generated by different resonance frequencies of different film-Helmholtz resonant structures; The sound insulation plate is a multistage composite structure formed by circularly stacking a whole film and a whole plate which are sequentially arranged along the incidence direction of sound waves and a whole homogenizing plate attached to the side surface of the last stage of plate, and a plurality of first through holes and second through holes which are in rectangular arrays are processed on the plate according to the center distance of the resonance units.
2. The sound insulation panel of claim 1, wherein: the film is adhered to the plate, and the plate is adhered to the homogenizing plate through an adhesive.
3. The sound insulation panel according to claim 2, wherein: the adhesive is AB glue, UV glue, epoxy resin glue or ABS special glue.
4. The sound insulation panel of claim 1, wherein: The plate consists of a first frame and a second frame, wherein the first frame and the second frame are hollow plate pieces with holes, and the first through hole and the second through hole are formed in the plate pieces respectively.
5. The sound insulation panel of claim 1, wherein: the material of the film comprises at least one of PET, PVC, PV, silica gel and TPU, PU, PI, PEI.
6. The sound insulation panel of claim 1, wherein: The Young modulus of the film is 0.2-2000 MPa, the Poisson ratio is 0.3-0.4, the density is 900-1200 kg/m 3 , and the thickness is 0.01-0.5 mm.
7. The sound insulation panel of claim 1, wherein: the plate is made of ABS, acrylic, polyurethane, glass fiber reinforced plastic, aluminum, iron, calcium silicate, gypsum or cement fiber.
8. A method for designing a sound insulation plate, which designs the resonance frequency of the film and the plate of the sound insulation plate according to any one of claims 1 to 7, and is characterized in that: The resonant frequency calculation formula of the film is as follows: ; Wherein, the Taking a positive integer larger than 0 as a natural frequency order; is the radius of the round film or the equivalent diameter of the polygonal film, and the unit is m; Is the tension of the film surface, unit N/m; Is the density of the film, and the unit is m 3 /kg; Is the thickness of the film, unit m; Is natural frequency factor, is first order =2.4048, = =3.8317, = =5.1356, =5.5201; The resonant frequency calculation formula of the plate is as follows: ; Wherein, the Taking 340m/s as sound velocity in the air; the unit m 2 is the sectional area of the first through hole; the unit of m is the length of the first through hole; The unit is m, which is the radius of the circular first through hole or the equivalent diameter of the polygonal first through hole; The unit of m 3 is the volume of the second through hole.

Description

Sound insulation plate and multi-cascade Helmholtz acoustic metamaterial resonance structure and design method thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of acoustic metamaterial, in particular to a sound insulation plate and a multi-cascade Helmholtz acoustic metamaterial resonance structure and a design method thereof. Background In modern society, low-frequency noise widely exists in a plurality of fields such as industry, aviation, traffic railways and the like, and has serious potential safety hazards to instruments, equipment and the like in related fields, and meanwhile, the low-frequency noise also can influence the work and life of people. The traditional low-frequency noise control method generally adopts a thicker concrete wall body or a composite material structure with a more complex structure, and particularly has the defects of difficult preparation, higher cost and the like. Because low-frequency noise has the characteristics of long wavelength, long propagation distance, weak fading and the like, effective control of the low-frequency noise is always a very challenging subject in the noise control field. The acoustic metamaterial is a composite material formed by a periodic sub-wavelength structure with negative equivalent characteristics, and can control large wavelength through small size. In recent years, researchers have proposed a large number of Helmholtz cavity acoustic metamaterials, which provide an advantageous structural model for the control of low frequency noise. In the related Helmholtz acoustic metamaterial, for a single resonant frequency sound absorption and insulation structure, only one sound absorption and insulation peak value exists, and the practical application of a product is limited due to a narrower sound insulation frequency band, so that the application scene is single. For products with wider sound insulation frequency bands, the processing technology and the process are very complex, so that higher cost and longer preparation period are caused. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a sound insulation plate and a multi-cascade Helmholtz acoustic metamaterial resonance structure and a design method thereof, which can solve the problems existing in the prior art, realize the broadband sound insulation effect, lead the application scene of the product to be more abundant, optimize the structural design, realize easy processing, reduce the cost and the like. In order to achieve the above object, one of the solutions of the present invention is: The multi-cascade Helmholtz acoustic metamaterial resonance structure comprises at least two stages of film-Helmholtz resonance structures and a homogenizing plate, wherein the at least two stages of film-Helmholtz resonance structures are sequentially and fixedly connected along the incidence direction of sound waves, the homogenizing plate is used for fixing the last stage of film-Helmholtz resonance structures, each stage of film-Helmholtz resonance structure comprises a film and a plate which are sequentially arranged along the incidence direction of sound waves, the films are in sealed connection with opposite surfaces of the plates, a first through hole and a second through hole which are sequentially and coaxially arranged along the incidence direction of sound waves are formed in the plate, the second through hole is communicated with the first through hole to form a resonance cavity of the film-Helmholtz resonance structure, the size of the second through hole is larger than that of the first through hole, and the first through hole and the second through hole of each stage of the film-Helmholtz resonance structure are stepped with gradually enlarged opening sizes along the incidence direction of sound waves. The film is adhered to the plate, and the plate is adhered to the homogenizing plate through an adhesive. Preferably, the adhesive is AB glue, UV glue, epoxy resin glue or ABS special glue. The plate consists of a first frame and a second frame, wherein the first frame and the second frame are hollow plate pieces with holes, and the first through hole and the second through hole are formed in the plate pieces respectively. The material of the film comprises at least one of PET, PVC, PV, silica gel and TPU, PU, PI, PEI. The Young modulus of the film is 0.2-2000 MPa, the Poisson ratio is 0.3-0.4, the density is 900-1200 kg/m 3, and the thickness is 0.01-0.5 mm. The plate is made of ABS, acrylic, polyurethane, glass fiber reinforced plastic, aluminum, iron, calcium silicate, gypsum or cement fiber. The second solution of the present invention is: A sound insulation plate is formed by a resonance unit formed by the multi-cascade Helmholtz acoustic metamaterial resonance structure, and the sound insulation plate is formed by arranging a plurality of resonance units in a rectangular array. The sound insulation plate is a multistage composite structure formed by sequentially