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CN-117065664-B - Hydrogenation reactor and pre-distribution assembly thereof

CN117065664BCN 117065664 BCN117065664 BCN 117065664BCN-117065664-B

Abstract

The invention discloses a pre-distribution assembly which comprises an inlet diffuser, a rotating shaft, a spiral blade, a conical splash plate and a stepped distribution plate, wherein the sleeve is composed of an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder which are coaxially arranged, a liquid holding area is arranged between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, a plurality of strip-shaped holes are formed in the side wall of the upper part of the inner cylinder, the annular bottom plate is coaxially connected to the bottom ends of the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, a plurality of through holes and/or a plurality of strip slits are formed in the annular bottom plate, the sealing cover of the top cover is arranged at the upper end of the inner cylinder, the rotating shaft is coaxially arranged in the inner cylinder in a penetrating mode, the lower end of the rotating shaft penetrates through the annular bottom plate, the spiral blade is arranged on the rotating shaft and opposite to the strip-shaped holes, the conical splash plate is connected to the lower end of the rotating shaft in a linkage mode, and the stepped distribution plate is coaxially arranged below the inlet diffuser and is in a stepped shape with the middle low circumference. The invention also discloses a hydrogenation reactor. The pre-distribution component is matched with the stepped distribution plate through the inlet diffuser, so that the gas-liquid phase materials of the whole section of the ultra-large hydrogenation reactor are uniformly distributed.

Inventors

  • JIANG YANG
  • RUAN ZONGLIN
  • YANG XIUNA
  • GAO FENG
  • YU YING

Assignees

  • 中国石油化工股份有限公司
  • 中石化（大连）石油化工研究院有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20220510

Claims (14)

  1. 1. A pre-dispensing assembly, comprising: an inlet diffuser, comprising: The sleeve consists of an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder which are coaxially arranged, a liquid holding area is arranged between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, and a plurality of strip-shaped holes are formed in the side wall of the upper part of the inner cylinder; the annular bottom plate is coaxially connected to the bottom ends of the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, and is provided with a plurality of through holes and/or a plurality of strip seams; the top cover is provided with a sealing cover at the upper end of the inner cylinder; the rotating shaft is coaxially arranged in the inner cylinder in a penetrating way, and the lower end of the rotating shaft penetrates through the annular bottom plate; A helical blade provided on the rotation shaft and opposed to the bar-shaped hole site, and A conical splash plate connected to the lower end of the rotating shaft in a linkage manner, and The stepped distribution plate is coaxially arranged below the inlet diffuser, is in a stepped shape with a low middle and a high periphery, comprises a plurality of trays, a connecting piece and a connecting piece, wherein the trays comprise a circular tray and a plurality of annular trays, the inner diameters and the outer diameters of the trays are sequentially matched and are in multi-layer stepped distribution taking the circular tray as a center, the circular tray is the lowest layer, the annular tray with the largest outer diameter is the highest layer, the trays are all provided with a plurality of sieve holes, and the connecting piece is connected with two adjacent trays and seals the interlayer gaps of the two adjacent trays.
  2. 2. The pre-dispensing assembly of claim 1, wherein a plurality of said strip-shaped apertures are evenly distributed along the circumference of said inner barrel.
  3. 3. The pre-dispensing assembly of claim 2, wherein the bar-shaped aperture is obliquely disposed.
  4. 4. The pre-distribution assembly according to claim 1, wherein the number of the spiral blades is 3-6, the windward side of the spiral blades is radial, and the blade angle is 12-40 degrees.
  5. 5. The pre-dispensing assembly of claim 4, wherein the number of strip-shaped holes is 2-4 times the number of helical blades.
  6. 6. The pre-dispensing assembly of claim 1, wherein the cone angle of the conical splash plate is 90-180 °.
  7. 7. The pre-dispensing assembly of claim 1, wherein the maximum diameter of the tapered splash plate is 1-1.2 times the diameter of the outer barrel.
  8. 8. The pre-dispensing assembly of claim 1, wherein the slit is a circular arc slit, and a plurality of circular arc slits are arranged along concentric circles centered on the rotational axis.
  9. 9. The pre-dispensing assembly of claim 1, wherein the top cap is of spherical, conical or flat configuration.
  10. 10. The pre-distribution assembly of claim 1, wherein each of said annular trays is formed from a plurality of tray decks that are spliced together.
  11. 11. A hydrogenation reactor, comprising: A body which is of a cylindrical structure, a feed inlet is arranged in the center of the upper end of the body; The pre-dispensing assembly of any one of claims 1-10, said inlet diffuser being disposed at said feed inlet, and A top distribution tray disposed below the stepped distribution tray.
  12. 12. The hydrogenation reactor according to claim 11, wherein a ring of bosses are provided on an inner wall of said body, and an outer periphery of said stepped distribution disk is mounted in said body by said bosses.
  13. 13. The hydrogenation reactor of claim 12, wherein the boss is welded within an upper head of the body.
  14. 14. The hydrogenation reactor of claim 11, wherein the body has a diameter greater than or equal to 6.5m.

Description

Hydrogenation reactor and pre-distribution assembly thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogenation reaction equipment, in particular to hydrogenation reaction equipment with larger reactor scale, and particularly relates to a hydrogenation reactor and a pre-distribution component thereof. Background In recent years, with the rapid development of economy and the enhancement of environmental awareness, the requirements on quality and environmental protection of petrochemical products are higher and higher. As one of the technical means for producing clean fuels, the importance and the roles of hydrogenation technology in the oil refining industry are increasing. In a hydrogenation device, the hydrogenation catalyst technology and the hydrogenation process technology are the same, the internal component technology of the hydrogenation reactor is also an important component part of a reaction system, and the three components form three factors of the performance of the reactor. The hydrogenation process is exothermic reaction, uneven material distribution can lead to severe reaction degree at the position with good catalyst wetting effect, and the faster the reaction rate, the more heat generated, thereby affecting the radial temperature difference of the reactor. When the radial temperature difference is large, the local temperature of the catalyst rises to form hot spots, so that the performance of the catalyst is deactivated prematurely, the performance of the catalyst is damaged, even coking and hardening of the catalyst in a partial area can be caused, and materials can not normally flow. Because the fixed bed hydrogenation reactor is in a trickle bed state, the catalyst below the hardening area cannot continue to play a role, the service life of the catalyst and the operating period of the device can be greatly reduced, the local hardening phenomenon can also cause the pressure drop of the catalyst bed to be increased, the operating pressure of the reactor is passively increased, on one hand, the energy consumption is increased, and on the other hand, hidden danger is brought to the stable operation of the device. When the pressure drop is excessively fast increased to reach the design value of the reactor, abnormal shutdown is required, skimming treatment is carried out, inspection and maintenance cost is additionally paid, and meanwhile, catalyst loss and waste are caused by screening of the catalyst. In a hydrogenation device, a hydrogenation reactor serving as key equipment is used for refining, cracking and other reactions of raw oil mixed with hydrogen according to a certain proportion under the action of a hydrogenation catalyst. Whether the hydrogenation reaction in the hydrogenation reactor can be stably operated, whether the hydrogenation catalyst can fully play the role of the hydrogenation reaction, whether the product quality can reach high quality or not depends on the uniformity of the distribution of the gas phase and the liquid phase in the catalyst bed layer to a great extent. Whether the distribution of the gas phase and the liquid phase in the catalyst bed is uniform or not has close relation with the design of the internal components of the hydrogenation reactor. It can be said that the performance of the inner member directly affects the service life of the catalyst, the quality of the product and the running period of the device, and the inner member of the hydrogenation reactor with excellent performance is not inferior to the replacement of a hydrogenation catalyst with higher activity. Therefore, research and engineering development of the hydrogenation reactor and the internal components thereof are always very important at home and abroad, and the internal components of the reactor are continuously updated to obtain better effects. The hydrogenation reactor is usually fed from the center of the top of the reactor, and an inlet diffuser is used as a medium and enters the first part of the reactor, so that the gas-liquid two phases are uniformly mixed by disturbance on one hand, and the gas-liquid two phases are diffused to the whole section on the other hand, the vertical impact of the gas-liquid two phases on the top distribution plate is eliminated, and stable working conditions are created for the distribution plate. Patent document CN106268524a discloses a diffuser and a fixed bed reactor, the diffuser is arranged at the inlet of the reactor body, and comprises a cylinder body and a cyclone plate arranged in the cylinder body, the top of the cylinder body is provided with a gas-liquid material inlet, the side surface of the bottom is provided with a gas-liquid material diffusion port, and the cyclone plate is a curved plate extending to the gas-liquid material diffusion port along the axial direction of the cylinder body. Patent document CN205495530U discloses a cyclone inlet diffuser, which comprises a barrel, a buffer plate, a cover p