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CN-117123904-B - Electron beam welding method of porous metal material and welding piece

CN117123904BCN 117123904 BCN117123904 BCN 117123904BCN-117123904-B

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of welding, in particular to an electron beam welding method of a porous metal material and a welding piece; the method comprises the steps of machining a welding end face of a porous metal material to be welded into a vertical plane to obtain a workpiece to be welded, fixing the two workpieces to be welded together by using a welding tool to form an I-shaped groove between the two vertical planes, and performing powder spreading and spot welding treatment for multiple times in the I-shaped groove to obtain a welding piece, wherein the powder spreading and spot welding treatment comprises the steps of spreading metal powder in the I-shaped groove, and performing continuous spot welding on the metal powder by using a pulse electron beam to form a porous welding seam. The method solves the problems of easy pore blocking, pore structure damage, welding joint collapse and the like in the welding process of the porous metal material.

Inventors

  • WANG HOUQIN
  • ZHANG BINGGANG
  • WANG YIFAN

Assignees

  • 哈尔滨工业大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20230829

Claims (9)

  1. 1. An electron beam welding method of a porous metal material, comprising: S1, processing a welding end face of a porous metal material to be welded into a vertical plane (201) to obtain a workpiece (2) to be welded, wherein in the step S1, a slow wire cutting processing mode is adopted for processing the welding end face of the porous metal material to be welded into the vertical plane (201); S2, fixing two workpieces (2) to be welded together by using a welding tool so as to form an I-shaped groove between two vertical planes (201); and S3, carrying out powder spreading and spot welding treatment for a plurality of times in the I-shaped groove to obtain a welding piece, wherein the powder spreading and spot welding treatment comprises the steps of spreading metal powder (3) in the I-shaped groove, and carrying out continuous spot welding on the metal powder by using a pulse electron beam (5) to form a porous welding seam.
  2. 2. The electron beam welding method of porous metal materials according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the acceleration voltage of the pulsed electron beam (5) is 50-120kV, the welding beam current is 3-10mA, and the welding speed is 2-5m/S.
  3. 3. The electron beam welding method of porous metal materials according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the metal powder (3) is laid in the I-groove, including laying the metal powder (3) in the I-groove, and scraping off the excessive metal powder in the I-groove with a scraper (4).
  4. 4. An electron beam welding method of porous metal materials according to claim 3, characterized in that the doctor blade (4) is made of rubber or plastic.
  5. 5. The electron beam welding method of porous metal materials according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, in the process of processing the welding end surface of the porous metal materials to be welded into the vertical plane (201), the pore blocking or the pore destruction occurring in the porous metal materials to be welded in the processing process is repaired by adopting a chemical corrosion or electrochemical corrosion method.
  6. 6. Electron beam welding method of porous metal materials according to claim 1, characterized in that the metal powder (3) is of the same composition as the porous metal material to be welded.
  7. 7. The electron beam welding method of porous metal materials according to claim 1, wherein the porous metal material to be welded is a nickel-based superalloy.
  8. 8. The electron beam welding method of a porous metal material according to claim 1, further comprising the step of cleaning the weld path to remove excess metal powder S4.
  9. 9. A welded article produced by the electron beam welding method of the porous metal material according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

Description

Electron beam welding method of porous metal material and welding piece Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of welding, in particular to an electron beam welding method of a porous metal material and a welding piece. Background The porous material is a material with a certain number of closed or mutually communicated holes inside so as to form a network structure, wherein the porous metal material has the characteristics of a metal structure and the functional characteristics of pores, so that the porous material has the advantages of good processability, strong shape stability, excellent heat transfer and heat dissipation capability, small specific gravity, large specific surface area and the like, and is widely applied to various fields. The porous metal material is difficult to manufacture, parts with larger size or complicated shape are difficult to manufacture, and different parts are required to be connected by adopting a welding technology, meanwhile, the parts of the porous metal material are inevitably damaged by abrasion, cracks and the like in the service process, and in order to avoid scrapping of all the materials, an advanced repair technology is required to repair the damaged parts on the premise of ensuring the original performance of the parts so as to prolong the service life of the materials, and the parts are also required to be welded and connected in the process. However, the special form and chemical properties of the porous metal material put high demands on the welding method used, such as the collapse of the joint caused by welding the porous material by conventional fusion welding, the infiltration of brazing filler metal to the base materials on both sides to block the pores during brazing, and the structural damage of the pores during solid phase connection. Disclosure of Invention The invention solves at least one of the following problems that in the welding process of the porous metal material, the problems of pore blocking, pore structure damage, welding joint collapse and the like are easy to occur. In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: an electron beam welding method of a porous metal material, comprising: S1, processing a welding end face of a porous metal material to be welded into a vertical plane to obtain a workpiece to be welded; s2, fixing the two workpieces to be welded together by using a welding tool so as to form an I-shaped groove between the two vertical planes; And S3, performing powder spreading and spot welding treatment for a plurality of times in the I-shaped groove to obtain a welding piece, wherein the powder spreading and spot welding treatment comprises the steps of spreading metal powder in the I-shaped groove, and performing continuous spot welding on the metal powder by using a pulse electron beam to form a porous welding seam. Optionally, the accelerating voltage of the pulse electron beam is 50-120kV, the welding beam current is 3-10mA, and the welding speed is 2-5m/s. Optionally, in step S3, laying metal powder in the I-groove includes laying metal powder in the I-groove, and scraping the excessive metal powder in the I-groove with a scraper. Optionally, the scraper is made of rubber or plastic. Optionally, in the step S1, a slow wire cutting machining mode is adopted to machine the welding end surface of the porous metal material to be welded into a vertical plane. Optionally, in the step S1, in the process of processing the welding end surface of the porous metal material to be welded into a vertical plane, repairing the pore blockage or the pore destruction occurring in the porous metal material to be welded in the processing process by adopting a chemical corrosion or electrochemical corrosion method. Optionally, the metal powder is the same composition as the porous metal material to be welded. Optionally, the porous metal material to be welded is a nickel-based superalloy. Optionally, the method further comprises the step S4 of cleaning the welding channel to remove redundant metal powder. The invention also provides a welding piece which is manufactured by adopting the electron beam welding method of the porous metal material. Compared with the prior art, the electron beam welding method of the porous metal material is based on fusion welding, utilizes the advantages of high precision of scanning electron beams, controllable input energy and the like, and is convenient for controlling the size of the welding seam and the solidification speed of the welding seam, so that the welding seam metal cannot collapse to fill the pores, and joint collapse caused by filling the pores cannot occur. Meanwhile, the invention adopts a welding mode of laying metal powder and continuous spot welding by pulsed electron beams, and can realize the connection of porous metal materials on the premise of ensuring the porous form of the welding part. According to the welding mode,