CN-117128034-B - Karst water-rich metal deposit roof single-layer control drainage method

Abstract

The invention discloses a karst water-rich metal deposit roof single-layer control drainage method which comprises the steps of S1, roof hydrogeological condition exploration, S2, drilling and grouting of a structural fracture zone and a water diversion fault, S3, reserving a waterproof ore pillar, water-avoiding the structural fracture zone and the water diversion fault, S4, stope drainage, and S5, mining by adopting a filling method. The invention utilizes the natural blocking effect of the water-proof layer, combines grouting reconstruction and active prevention and control measures of dewatering to inhibit disaster, so that the water pressure can not break through the artificial blocking of a grouting curtain, or can not cause damage when the water pressure is released under the condition of promoting new balance, thereby effectively controlling the underground water, and being very suitable for the conditions of complex hydrogeology conditions of mineral deposits and the condition that the structure of the water-bearing layer (belt) has certain difference in space.

Inventors

• WANG LIANG
• LIU CHAO
• ZHANG SHUAI
• Qi Binpu
• Song Zhanglun
• YANG ZHU
• GAO CHAO
• XIE SHIPING
• TENG LONG

Assignees

• 北方矿业有限责任公司
• 长沙矿山研究院有限责任公司

Dates

Publication Date

20260512

Application Date

20230919

Claims (5)

1. 1. A karst water-rich metal deposit roof single-layer control drainage method is characterized by comprising the following steps: s1, roof hydrogeological condition exploration Exploration of mine hydrogeology and engineering geology is carried out, the hydrogeology characteristics of a mineral deposit are ascertained, the positions and the structures of a first water-resisting layer (1) at the upper side and a second water-resisting layer (2) at the lower side of the mineral deposit are determined, the positions and the structures of a shallow water-bearing layer (3) at the upper side of the first water-resisting layer are determined, the positions and the structures of a mineral deposit lower portion mineral body (4) are determined, the difference in the vertical direction of a roof water-bearing layer (5) at the upper side of the mineral deposit is ascertained, the positions and the structures of a structural fracture zone (6) and a water-guiding fault (7) for conducting the shallow water-bearing layer and the roof water-bearing layer are determined, and the height of mining overburden damage is pre-determined; s2, drilling and grouting the structural fracture zone and the water guide fault Grouting reinforcement materials are injected into the structural fracture zone and the water-guiding fault revealed by the grouting holes through high pressure by using the development roadway (8) left in the foundation construction stage and adopting a deep hole drilling machine to construct the grouting holes (9) distributed in a cluster or sector shape to the structural fracture zone and the water-guiding fault in the first water-proof layer; S3, reserving waterproof ore pillars, and performing water avoidance on the structural fracture zone and the water guiding fault According to the data in the step S1, a waterproof ore pillar (10) is reserved at the side of the ore body which is in direct contact with the water-guiding fault or the structural fracture zone through advance area exploration, so that the structural fracture zone and the water-guiding fault at the upper part or the side of the ore body are avoided, and the safety of mining of the ore body below or beside a roof aquifer is ensured; s4, stope drainage is carried out Adopting a drain hole to perform advanced drainage or interception on lateral replenishment outside the development influence range and vertical replenishment in the development range on the roof aquifer; S5, mining by adopting a filling method.
2. 2. The karst water-rich metal deposit roof single-layer control drainage method according to claim 1 is characterized by comprising the specific steps of constructing drainage chambers (11) in development tunnels of upper trays of mining bodies of each middle section in the step S4, constructing drainage holes (12) distributed in a cluster or fan shape to roof aquifers in the drainage chambers by using deep hole drilling machines, arranging high-pressure valves at the orifices of the drainage holes in an elevation angle mode, blocking water by grouting when the water inflow of each single hole is greater than 50m3/h, controlling water drainage by using the high-pressure valves when the water inflow of each single hole is less than 50m3/h, controlling water inflow of each middle section to be not greater than underground drainage of a mine, and properly leaving a certain safety drainage allowance.
3. 3. The karst water-rich metal deposit roof single-layer control drainage method of claim 2, wherein the drainage chambers are distributed at intervals of 50m according to the water-rich rule of the mineral deposit analyzed according to the development project disclosure.
4. 4. The karst water-rich metal deposit roof single-layer control drainage method of claim 2, wherein each drainage chamber is provided with 3 drainage holes, the drilling hole diameter of each drainage hole is phi 108mm, and the final hole diameter is phi 91mm.
5. 5. The karst water-rich metal deposit roof single-layer control drainage method according to claim 1, characterized in that in the step S2, the grouting reinforcement material is mixed of cement and clay.

Description

Karst water-rich metal deposit roof single-layer control drainage method Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of single-layer control drainage of mineral deposit roof, in particular to a single-layer control drainage method of a karst water-rich metal mineral deposit roof. Background The mining-induced water bursting disaster of karst large water mine with the ore body or roof being an aquifer seriously threatens the life safety of production and miners. The water treatment method mainly based on drainage is a successful method which discharges underground water in an aquifer so as to reduce the water level below the mining level, eliminate the water trouble and carry out mining, and mainly adopts three possible water control schemes of ground drainage, underground drainage and underground combined drainage. And (3) in the earlier stage of construction of the basic construction project, constructing a plurality of special drainage drilling holes on the ground around the mineral deposit, wherein the drilling depth exceeds the mining middle section, arranging a deep well pump in the holes for pumping water, and requiring the underground water level to be reduced below the mining middle section, and then starting the mining project. The scheme has simple process, but has high drilling construction cost, difficult management and higher long-term drainage cost. Underground drainage, namely, the prevention and control of underground water are mainly carried out by adopting a pre-grouting measure in the foundation construction stage, the tunneling of a roadway is ensured, after an underground drainage system is formed, drainage projects such as a special drainage roadway, drainage holes and the like are constructed, and when the underground water level falls below the middle mining section, the mining operation is carried out. The scheme has simple process and convenient underground drainage engineering management, but has higher long-term drainage cost due to higher drainage lift. The combined drainage, namely the combination of the ground and the underground, generally adopts ground dewatering holes for drainage in the early stage, ensures the smooth tunneling of a shaft engineering on one hand, eliminates a large amount of static storage of a water-bearing layer on the other hand, saves the underground drainage time in the later stage, and mainly carries out the drainage of underground water in the underground drainage engineering in the later stage. The scheme has simple process, gives consideration to the tunneling of shaft engineering and the convenient management of underground drainage engineering, but has higher drainage engineering cost, difficult ground engineering management and higher long-term drainage cost. The three methods have huge pit drainage (35 ten thousand m 3/d for Kong Kela copper mine in prandial, 6 ten thousand m 3/d for copper mine in the prandial, 4 ten thousand m 3/d for Mu Songni mine in the Jinchun, 5 ten thousand m 3/d for Jin Chengda mine) and high drainage cost and long drainage time. From this, it can be seen that the traditional drainage scheme has high cost and poor controllability in mine groundwater environment treatment, and does not well utilize the favorable hydrogeologic structure. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a karst water-rich metal deposit roof single-layer control drainage method which can control drainage of underground water, prevent water flooding, reduce drainage cost, protect underground water resources and control ground collapse on the premise of ensuring mining safety, and can prevent drainage, reduce drainage or drain underground water as much as possible. The single-layer control drainage method for the karst water-rich metal deposit roof provided by the invention comprises the following steps: s1, roof hydrogeological condition exploration Exploration of mine hydrogeology and engineering geology is carried out, the hydrogeology characteristics of a mineral deposit are ascertained, the positions and the structures of a first water-resisting layer on the upper side and a second water-resisting layer on the lower side of the mineral deposit are determined, the positions and the structures of a shallow water-resisting layer on the upper side of the first water-resisting layer are determined, the positions and the structures of mineral bodies on the lower side of the mineral deposit are determined, the difference existing in the vertical direction of a top plate water-resisting layer on the upper side of the mineral deposit is clarified, the positions and the structures of a structural fracture zone and a water-guiding fault of the conductive shallow water-resisting layer are determined, and the height of mining overburden rock damage is pre-determined; s2, drilling and grouting the structural fracture zone and the water guide fault Constructing grouting holes distributed in a clu