CN-117140143-B - Vertical tool and method for machining cross pin boring machine of diesel engine

CN117140143BCN 117140143 BCN117140143 BCN 117140143BCN-117140143-B

Abstract

The vertical tool comprises a bottom plate, a workpiece clamping mechanism, a positioning assembly, an adjustable support and a clamp locking mechanism, wherein the bottom plate is fixed on a machine tool workbench, the workpiece clamping mechanism is arranged on the bottom plate and used for clamping and positioning a cross pin workpiece, the vertical tool comprises a quick-change base, four zero quick-change unit modules, a blind rivet conversion block and blind rivets, the positioning assembly is arranged between the bottom plate and the workpiece clamping mechanism and used for positioning the workpiece clamping mechanism, the vertical tool comprises a base positioning pin and a base positioning sleeve, the adjustable support is connected to the bottom plate, the position of the workpiece clamping mechanism is adjusted through rotation, the clamp locking mechanism is arranged on the bottom plate and comprises four locking assemblies, and the workpiece clamping mechanism is clamped and locked in four directions. The invention adopts the zero point quick-change unit module, realizes the quick clamping and positioning of the workpiece, saves the auxiliary time, improves the processing efficiency, eliminates the hidden danger of quality and ensures the personal safety.

Inventors

ZHANG WEI
ZHANG KUN
YANG YONG

Assignees

上海中船三井造船柴油机有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20230914

Claims (7)

1. A vertical frock for diesel engine cross pin boring machine processing installs on the lathe work bench of boring machine, its characterized in that vertical frock includes: the bottom plate is fixed on the machine tool workbench and is provided with four bottom plate guide grooves which are arranged in a cross shape; The workpiece clamping mechanism is used for clamping and positioning the cross pin and comprises a quick-change base, four zero quick-change unit modules, four blind rivet conversion blocks and four blind rivets, wherein the quick-change base is concentrically arranged above the bottom plate, the four zero quick-change unit modules are symmetrically fixed on the quick-change base, an air inlet and a module pressurizing air inlet are opened through modules arranged on the peripheral wall of the quick-change base and are connected with an external compressed air source, the blind rivet conversion blocks are connected to the end face of the cross pin through threads, and the blind rivets are connected with the blind rivet conversion blocks through threads and are detachably embedded into the zero quick-change unit modules so as to realize positioning and clamping of the cross pin; The positioning assembly is used for positioning the workpiece clamping mechanism and comprises a base positioning pin and a base positioning sleeve, wherein the base positioning pin is fixed on the bottom plate, and the base positioning sleeve is fixed on the lower side surface of the quick-change base and sleeved into the base positioning pin for positioning the quick-change base; The adjustable support is propped between the quick-change base and the bottom plate, is connected to the bottom plate through threads, and adjusts the position of the quick-change base through rotation; The clamp locking mechanism is arranged on the bottom plate and comprises four locking components which are respectively arranged in the bottom plate guide grooves of the bottom plate and can move in the bottom plate guide grooves, and the four locking components clamp and lock the quick-change base from four directions; the locking assembly comprises a base inclined support, a handle, a front positioning block, a rear positioning block, a screw rod nut, a screw rod and a base pressing plate; the base inclined support is arranged at the inner side end of the bottom plate guide groove and is positioned below the quick-change base and used for supporting the quick-change base, the handle is connected to the outer end of the base inclined support and used for pulling the base inclined support to slide in the bottom plate guide groove, the front positioning block is fixed in the bottom plate guide groove at the outer side of the base inclined support, the rear positioning block is fixed at the outermost end in the bottom plate guide groove, the screw rod is rotationally arranged on the rear positioning block and the front positioning block, the screw rod nut is connected to the screw rod through threads and is positioned in the bottom plate guide groove between the front positioning block and the rear positioning block, and the base pressing plate is fixed on the screw rod nut and can slide in the bottom plate guide groove; the base pressing plate is driven to move inwards along the bottom plate guide groove by the rotation of the screw rod through the screw rod nut, so that the quick-change base is clamped and locked between the base pressing plate and the base inclined support; the upper side of the base inclined support is an inclined plane gradually rising from inside to outside, and the lower side of the front part of the base pressing plate is an inclined plane gradually decreasing from front to back.
2. The vertical tool for machining the cross pin boring machine of the diesel engine according to claim 1, wherein four zero point quick-change unit modules are arranged on the quick-change base in a 90-degree right angle system.
3. The vertical tooling for machining the cross pin boring machine of the diesel engine according to claim 1, wherein small holes for pulling the adjustable support to rotate are formed in the circumference of the adjustable support.
4. The vertical tool for machining the diesel engine cross pin boring machine according to claim 1, wherein the zero point quick-change unit module is arranged in the quick-change base and is respectively communicated with an air hole of the module opening air inlet and an air hole of the module pressurizing air inlet.
5. The vertical tool for machining the cross pin boring machine of the diesel engine, which is characterized in that the zero point quick-change unit module is in a clamping state in a normal state, when compressed air is introduced through an opening air inlet of the module, the zero point quick-change unit module is converted into a loosening state, when the compressed air is disconnected, the zero point quick-change unit module is restored to the clamping state, and when the compressed air is introduced through a pressurizing air inlet of the module, the zero point quick-change unit module improves the clamping force.
6. A processing method for a diesel engine cross pin on a boring machine by adopting the vertical tool as set forth in any one of claims 1-5 is characterized by comprising the following steps: 1) The assembled vertical tool is fixed on a machine tool workbench of the boring machine, the module opening air inlet and the module pressurizing air inlet are connected with an external compressed air source, the screw rods of each locking assembly are rotated to enable the base pressing plate to retreat to a loosening state, and the base inclined support is pulled backwards by the handle to enable the quick-change base to fall down and be supported on the adjustable support; 2) The method comprises the steps of clamping a workpiece, namely, screwing a blind rivet conversion block and a blind rivet on the bottom end surface of a cross head pin, integrally hoisting the blind rivet conversion block and the blind rivet to the upper part of a vertical tool, opening an air inlet through a module to connect compressed air, enabling a zero point quick-change unit module to be in a loosening state, seating the cross head pin on a quick-change base, embedding the blind rivet conversion block and the blind rivet into the zero point quick-change unit module, and then disconnecting the compressed air to enable the zero point quick-change unit module to lock the blind rivet to finish clamping of the workpiece; 3) The work piece adjustment, namely calibrating and adjusting a generatrix of the cross pin through a machine tool, measuring the up-down taper of the large excircle of the cross pin, and rotating the adjustable support to adjust the heights of four corners of the quick-change base so as to calibrate the center line of the cross pin to be vertical to the table top of the machine tool workbench; 4) The clamp is clamped, namely the base inclined support is pushed below the quick-change base by manual operation of the handle until the base inclined support is stressed properly, and then the screw rod is rotated to enable the base pressing plate to move forwards until four sides of the quick-change base are locked between the base pressing plate and the base inclined support, so that the final clamping of the vertical tool and the cross pin is completed; 5) Processing a processing part on the front surface of the cross pin, opening an air inlet through the module to connect compressed air after the processing part is processed, and loosening the zero point quick-change unit module; 6) Lifting the cross pin, rotating 180 degrees, then seating the cross pin on the quick-change base again, embedding the blind rivet conversion block and the blind rivet into the zero quick-change unit module, cutting off compressed air to enable the zero quick-change unit module to lock the blind rivet, completing clamping of a workpiece again, and processing a processing part on the back surface of the cross pin; 7) After the whole processing is finished, an air inlet is opened through the module to be communicated with compressed air, the zero point quick-change unit module is loosened, the cross pin is lifted away, and the blind rivet conversion block on the end face of the bottom are removed, so that the next working procedure can be carried out.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein in the step 2) and the step 6), if the weight of the cross pin is heavy, the center of gravity is high, or the processing stress point is high, compressed air is introduced into the module pressurizing air inlet to achieve the improvement of the clamping force.

Description

Vertical tool and method for machining cross pin boring machine of diesel engine Technical Field The invention relates to a processing technology of a diesel engine, in particular to a vertical tool and a method for processing a cross pin boring machine of the diesel engine, and belongs to the technical field of diesel engine manufacturing. Background The cross pin is an important precise part of a marine low-speed diesel engine, is mainly used for connecting a connecting rod and a piston rod, is provided with sliding blocks at two ends, is guided by a frame guide plate, and drives the connecting rod and a crankshaft to rotate by pushing up and down reciprocating motion of the piston rod, so that the ship is pushed to advance and retreat, and is a key motion connecting part of the diesel engine. As shown in figure 1, the cross pin of the marine low-speed diesel engine is a large cylindrical part, the maximum diameter of the cross pin can reach 1000mm, the length of the cross pin can reach 1500mm, the maximum weight of the cross pin exceeds 6 tons, the cross pin is in contact with a bearing bush, the cross pin is an important friction pair of the diesel engine, the roughness requirement of the large outer circle 1 reaches the mirror surface requirement below Ra0.05, the requirement of the outer circle cylindricity and the runout degree is less than 0.02mm, the requirement of the parallelism between the piston rod mounting surface 2 and the center of the large outer circle 1 is within 0.02mm, and the cross pin belongs to high-precision parts of the marine low-speed diesel engine. The circumference of the big excircle 1 of the cross pin is provided with a piston rod mounting surface 2, a positioning groove for positioning a sliding block, oil holes for rotating lubrication of the cross pin and the like, and the machining of the parts is usually carried out by placing an end face 3 of one end of the cross pin downwards on a boring machine for machining, as shown in figure 1. A conventional clamping arrangement is shown in figures 2 and 3. Placing a equal-height cushion block 5 on a machine tool workbench 4, vertically placing a cross pin on the equal-height cushion block 5, slightly compacting a workpiece by utilizing a pressing plate 6, a bolt 7 and a pressing plate support 8, straightening the workpiece according to the diameters of the upper outer circle and the lower outer circle of the cross pin by inserting copper sheets between the cross pin and the equal-height cushion block 5, compacting the pressing plate 6 by screwing the bolt 7, starting to machine the content of a piston rod mounting surface 2 on the front surface, a hole, a groove and the like on the piston rod mounting surface, loosening the pressing plate 6, lifting the workpiece to the back surface, facing the machine tool, carrying out correction and compaction operation again, setting a program zero position, and then machining parts to be machined on the back surface and the side surface, wherein a cutter possibly interferes with the pressing plate support 8 and the bolt 7 when machining the groove and the hole on the side surface, and part of the pressing plate 6 needs to be removed in the process. The existing clamping processing mode of the cross pin mainly adopts a traditional mode that a pressing plate is adopted to press, because the height of a workpiece is higher, the work load of an operator for preparing a tool and pressing is large, the pressing and correcting of the workpiece is inconvenient, the repeated pressing and correcting of the workpiece is involved, the labor intensity of the operator is extremely high, moreover, because the operator needs to stand on a workbench for operation in the whole process, the area of the workbench is limited, the surface of the workbench is greasy, certain personal safety hazards such as accidental dropping exist, in addition, the zero position of the workpiece is reset due to the position change after the workpiece is converted, the quality problem of products can be caused by repeated setting of the zero position, moreover, the pressing plate is required to be disassembled and assembled again in the processing process, the work load of the operator is increased, and the processing efficiency is influenced. In a word, the existing clamping processing mode has the defects of high labor intensity, low operation efficiency, more potential safety hazards and unfinished quality. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to solve the defects that a pressing plate and a bolt are used in the traditional clamping mode and multiple times of assembling are needed, and provides a vertical tool and a method for machining a cross pin boring machine of a diesel engine, which are used for realizing quick clamping of a cross pin workpiece, realizing unchanged zero position of the workpiece after a station is converted, reducing auxiliary working time such as repeated assembling and multiple times of setting o