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CN-117144201-B - Aluminum alloy refiner Al-Er-Zr-Ti with grain refining and microalloying functions

CN117144201BCN 117144201 BCN117144201 BCN 117144201BCN-117144201-B

Abstract

An aluminum alloy refiner Al-Er-Zr-Ti with grain refining and microalloying functions, belonging to the technical field of refiners. The mass percentage of the component Er is 1-6%, the mass percentage of Ti is 0.1-1%, the mass percentage of Zr is 0.1-5%, and the balance is Al. And (3) after AlEr, alZr, alTi intermediate alloy is completely melted, preserving heat for 0.5-3h at 900-1200 ℃, casting into a steel mold, air-cooling to room temperature, and obtaining the as-cast refiner with the thickness of 2-20mm of an as-cast ingot. The method for optimizing the refining capacity of the refiner comprises the steps of carrying out cold rolling treatment on the cast refiner, wherein the cold rolling reduction is more than 90%, further rolling for a plurality of passes, and preferably annealing the rolled plate with better refining effect. The refiner prepared by the method has excellent refining effect on pure aluminum or aluminum alloy, obvious refining recession resistance and obvious sample microalloying effect after refining.

Inventors

  • WEN SHENGPING
  • YANG GUANG
  • LEI ZHIGUO
  • WU XIAOLAN
  • WEI WU
  • GAO KUNYUAN
  • HUANG HUI
  • NIE ZUOREN

Assignees

  • 北京工业大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20230913

Claims (6)

  1. 1. The Al-Er-Zr-Ti intermediate alloy grain refiner is characterized in that the mass percentage of Er is 1-6%, the mass percentage of Ti is 0.1-1%, the mass percentage of Zr is 0.1-5%, and the balance is Al; the preparation method comprises the steps of fully melting AlEr, alZr, alTi intermediate alloy with a certain proportion, preserving heat for 0.5-3h at 900-1200 ℃, casting into a steel mould, air-cooling to room temperature, enabling the thickness of an as-cast ingot to be 2-20mm, obtaining an as-cast refiner, cold-rolling the obtained as-cast refiner, enabling the cold rolling reduction to be more than 90%, obtaining a rolled refiner, and further comprising the steps of carrying out rolling on the rolled refiner for a plurality of passes to obtain the rolled lap refiner, and carrying out annealing treatment on the rolled lap refiner at 150-250 ℃ for 1-128h.
  2. 2. The Al-Er-Zr-Ti intermediate alloy grain refiner according to claim 1, wherein the mass percentage of Er is 2-5%, the mass percentage of Ti is 0.5-1%, the mass percentage of Zr is 1-3%, and the balance is Al.
  3. 3. An Al-Er-Zr-Ti master alloy grain refiner according to claim 1, wherein the rolling is in 1-5 passes.
  4. 4. The Al-Er-Zr-Ti intermediate alloy grain refiner according to claim 1, wherein the grain refiner is subjected to 2 passes of lap rolling, and the refiner is annealed at 200 ℃ for 1-128 hours.
  5. 5. The use of an Al-Er-Zr-Ti intermediate alloy grain refiner according to any one of claims 1-4 for refining and strengthening of pure aluminum or aluminum alloys, in which the refiner is added to molten aluminum or aluminum alloys for heat preservation for 10-240min for checking the refiner's refining ability and refiner decay resistance, the refiner being added in an amount of 1-8 wt.% relative to the aluminum or aluminum alloys.
  6. 6. The use of an Al-Er-Zr-Ti intermediate alloy grain refiner according to any one of claims 1-4 for microalloying of pure aluminum or aluminum alloy, wherein the refiner is added into molten aluminum or aluminum alloy for heat preservation for 10-240min to test the refining ability and refining decay resistance of the refiner, the addition amount of the refiner is 1-8wt% of the corresponding aluminum or aluminum alloy, and the refined sample is subjected to 625 ℃/24h solution treatment and then aged for 20min at 350 ℃.

Description

Aluminum alloy refiner Al-Er-Zr-Ti with grain refining and microalloying functions Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of grain refinement, and particularly relates to a preparation and application method of an Al-Er-Zr-Ti grain refiner. Background With the reform and innovation of the modern industry, research on new materials becomes an important field, and in order to meet the social requirement, materials are developing towards lighter and thinner materials, higher toughness and good corrosion resistance. Aluminum and aluminum alloys have the advantages of light weight, high specific strength, easiness in processing and the like, the application field and the application amount are gradually enlarged, and the application amount is the second most widely used in various metal products at present. With the continuous increase of the dosage, the requirements on the performance of the aluminum alloy material are also continuously increased. The most common manufacturing method for aluminum and its alloys is still casting. The casting process has great influence on the macroscopic microstructure, mechanical properties and the like of the alloy in the casting process due to the influence of factors such as a casting mode, an external environment, process parameters and the like. The most common method for solving the defects at present is to add a grain refiner in the casting process, wherein the grain refiner can effectively refine grains, improve tissues, reduce defects, improve toughness and the like, which is a precondition for ensuring the quality of the product to be processed later and is one of the main directions of the research in the field of aluminum alloy processing at present. The most widely used grain refiner in industry at present is Al-5Ti-1B, tiB 2 and Al 3 Ti in Al-5Ti-1B are heterogeneous nuclear particles, and the grain size can be obviously refined. Although the research of the traditional refiner Al-Ti-B has been developed for decades, there are still some problems to be solved urgently. Firstly, tiB2 particles in the Al-Ti-B alloy are coarser and exist in an agglomeration state, and the density of the TiB2 particles is far greater than that of an aluminum melt, so that the TiB2 particles can be settled in the long-time heat preservation process, and obvious thinning and fading phenomena are generated. Secondly, after the Al-Ti-B plays a role in refining in the aluminum alloy, the ceramic phase TiB 2 particles can exist in a final structure, cannot be dissolved into an aluminum matrix in a solid manner, and are harmful in some special aluminum alloy materials. Therefore, in summary, it is necessary to develop a novel intermediate alloy refiner which has good refining recession resistance and can be used for dissolving refined heterogeneous phases into a matrix in a solid solution mode. The invention of China with publication number of CN111926218B discloses a preparation method of an Al-Ti-Er refiner, wherein the content of Ti in the Al-Ti-Er intermediate alloy prepared by the invention is obviously higher than that of Er, a small amount of Er elements are added on the basis of the Al-Ti binary alloy to avoid Zr poisoning, the refiner mainly relies on Al 3 Ti to refine grains, and the refining principle of the refiner mainly based on Ti elements is similar to that of the Al-Ti binary alloy. The invention prepares the novel aluminum alloy refiner mainly containing Er and Zr elements and adding a small amount of Ti elements under the conditions of higher temperature, longer heat preservation time and proper cooling speed. The primary phase size is further distributed in an optimal size range through plastic deformation treatment, and then nano-phase particles are introduced through heat treatment to further improve the heterogeneous phase particle quantity in unit volume, so that the aim of optimizing the refining effect of the refiner is fulfilled. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the problems, the Al-Er-Zr-Ti intermediate alloy mainly containing Er elements has the functions of grain refinement and microalloying. The Al-Er-Zr-Ti intermediate alloy grain refiner is characterized in that the mass percentage of Er is 1-6%, the mass percentage of Ti is 0.1-1%, the mass percentage of Zr is 0.1-5%, and the balance is Al. It is further preferable that the mass percentage of Er is 2-5%, the mass percentage of Ti is 0.5-1%, the mass percentage of Zr is 1-3%, and the balance is Al. The preparation method of the Al-Er-Zr-Ti intermediate alloy grain refiner is characterized by comprising the following steps of preserving heat for 0.5-3h at 900-1200 ℃ after a certain proportion AlEr, alZr, alTi of intermediate alloy is completely melted, casting into a steel mold, air-cooling to room temperature, and obtaining the as-cast refiner with the thickness of 2-20mm of an as-cast ingot. As-cast ingots have different thicknesses, a large number of binary phases which are dispersed