CN-117256312-B - Reed crop harvesting transverse conveying device and harvester

CN117256312BCN 117256312 BCN117256312 BCN 117256312BCN-117256312-B

Abstract

The invention provides a reed crop harvesting transverse conveying device and a harvester, which adopt an upper layer transverse conveying mechanism, a middle layer transverse conveying mechanism and a lower layer transverse conveying mechanism, wherein the upper layer transverse conveying mechanism, the middle layer transverse conveying mechanism and the lower layer transverse conveying mechanism are respectively provided with a poking finger or a poking tooth, so that uneven stress caused by higher reed can be solved, and the reed is easier to convey due to more lodging conditions in the mature period, and meanwhile, effective cutting is performed. Meanwhile, the height of the cutting knife is adjusted according to the height of the manually collected reed, so that the gravity center position stress is ensured when the reed is shifted, the reed stalks are prevented from being broken off due to uneven stress in the middle, regular and orderly transverse conveying of high-stalk crops such as reeds can be realized, and the conveying efficiency of a harvester or a harvester is improved.

Inventors

LI YAOMING
WANG HANHAO
Ji Kuizhou
JI BINBIN
DU TUO
LIU YANBIN
LIANG ZHENWEI

Assignees

江苏大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20231101

Claims (9)

1. The reed crop harvesting transverse conveying device is characterized by comprising an upper transverse conveying mechanism (102-4), a middle transverse conveying mechanism (102-5), a lower transverse conveying mechanism (102-6), a height sensor (102-1), a transverse conveying device hydraulic cylinder group (102-17), a displacement sensor (102-3) and a control unit; The upper-layer transverse conveying mechanism (102-4) is arranged at the uppermost part, a plurality of poking teeth (102-15) are arranged on the upper-layer transverse conveying mechanism (102-4), and the upper-layer transverse conveying mechanism (102-4) is used for collecting and clamping the upper parts of the stalks of reed crops and completing poking; The middle-layer transverse conveying mechanism (102-5) is arranged below the upper-layer transverse conveying mechanism (102-4), a plurality of poking teeth (102-15) are arranged on the middle-layer transverse conveying mechanism (102-5), and the middle-layer transverse conveying mechanism (102-5) is used for collecting and clamping the middle part of the reed crop stalks and completing poking; The lower-layer transverse conveying mechanism (102-6) is arranged below the middle-layer transverse conveying mechanism (102-5), the lower-layer transverse conveying mechanism (102-6) is provided with a plurality of poking fingers (102-26), and the lower-layer transverse conveying mechanism (102-6) is used for collecting and clamping the lower parts of the reed crop stalks and completing poking; the height sensor (102-1) is used for detecting the height of the middle-layer transverse conveying mechanism (102-5); The hydraulic cylinder group (102-17) of the transverse conveying device is arranged between the upper transverse conveying mechanism (102-4) and the middle transverse conveying mechanism (102-5) and is used for controlling the distance between the upper transverse conveying mechanism (102-4) and the middle transverse conveying mechanism (102-5); the displacement sensor (102-3) is used for detecting the expansion and contraction amount of the hydraulic cylinder group (102-17) of the transverse conveying device; the control unit is respectively connected with the height sensor (102-1), the transverse conveying device hydraulic cylinder group (102-17) and the displacement sensor (102-3) and is used for adjusting the height of the middle layer transverse conveying mechanism (102-5) through the transverse conveying device hydraulic cylinder group (102-17) according to the detection information of the height sensor (102-1) and the displacement sensor (102-3); The cutting knife height sensor (103-1) is connected with the control unit; The cutter height sensor (103-1) is used for detecting the cutter height h 1 and transmitting the cutter height h 1 to the control unit; The control unit is used for calculating the actual length h 2 =h avg - h 1 of the harvested reed according to the average height h avg of the reed and the height h 1 of the cutting knife, and adjusting the expansion and contraction amount of the hydraulic cylinder group (102-17) of the transverse conveying device according to the detection information of the height sensor (102-1) and the displacement sensor (102-3) so that the middle-layer transverse conveying mechanism (102-5) is positioned at the actual length of the reed And (5) carrying out shifting.
2. The reed crop harvesting transverse conveying device according to claim 1, wherein the upper transverse conveying mechanism (102-4) and the middle transverse conveying mechanism (102-5) have the same structure and comprise transverse conveying units which are oppositely arranged, a conveying roller (102-21) is arranged between the upper transverse conveying mechanism (102-4) and the middle transverse conveying mechanism (102-5), and a belt is arranged on the conveying roller (102-21); The transverse conveying unit comprises a driving sprocket (102-11), a driven sprocket (102-12), a conveying chain (102-13), an inner chain plate (102-14), a plurality of poking teeth (102-15), a supporting frame (102-16), a reed separating ring (102-18) and an annular supporting arm (102-19); the driving chain wheel (102-11) and the driven chain wheel (102-12) are arranged on the supporting frame (102-16); the conveying chain (102-13) is arranged on the driving chain wheel (102-11) and the driven chain wheel (102-12); the inner chain plate (102-14) is arranged on the conveying chain (102-13); the hydraulic cylinder group (102-17) of the transverse conveying device is arranged below the supporting frame (102-16); The plurality of poking teeth (102-15) are uniformly arranged on the inner chain plate (102-14); the top of the annular supporting arm (102-19) is connected with the reed separating ring (102-18), and the bottom of the annular supporting arm (102-19) is connected with the hydraulic cylinder group (102-17) of the transverse conveying device; the reed separating ring (102-18) is arranged at the periphery of the conveying chain (102-13); the conveying roller (102-21) is connected with the upper hydraulic motor (102-20); The driving chain wheels (102-11) of the upper layer transverse conveying mechanism (102-4) and the middle layer transverse conveying mechanism (102-5) are connected with the conveying roller (102-21), the upper layer hydraulic motor (102-20) drives the conveying roller (102-21) to rotate, and the conveying roller (102-21) drives the conveying chains (102-13) of the upper layer transverse conveying mechanism (102-4) and the middle layer transverse conveying mechanism (102-5) to synchronously rotate.
3. The reed crop harvesting transverse conveying device according to claim 2, wherein the oppositely arranged transverse conveying units are respectively provided with a first conveying chain and a second conveying chain, and the conveying chains (102-13) of the first conveying chain and the second conveying chain are opposite in rotation direction, wherein the first conveying chain is a short side conveying chain (102-7), and the second conveying chain is a long side conveying chain (102-8); The length of the short side conveyor chain (102-7) and the long side conveyor chain (102-8) satisfy the following conditions: Wherein, the Representing the length of the long side conveying chain (102-7); representing the length of the short side conveyor chain (102-8); representing the conveying gap between the short side conveying chain (102-7) and the long side conveying chain (102-8); representing the cutting width of a harvester cutting table.
4. The reed crop harvesting lateral conveying device according to claim 2, wherein the conveying rollers (102-21) are provided with a plurality of circumferentially arranged threaded rods.
5. The reed crop harvesting lateral conveying apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the lower lateral conveying mechanism (102-6) comprises oppositely arranged lower lateral conveying units, wherein the lower lateral conveying units comprise a driving pulley (102-22), a driven pulley (102-23), a conveying belt (102-24), a plurality of mounting seats (102-25), a plurality of fingers (102-26), a lower support frame (102-27), a lower support column (102-28), a support arm (102-29) and a lower hydraulic motor (102-30); the lower support column (102-28) is arranged on the support arm (102-29), and the lower support column (102-27) is arranged on the lower support column (102-28); the driving belt wheel (102-22) and the driven belt wheel (102-23) are arranged on the lower layer supporting frame (102-27), and the driving belt wheel (102-22) is connected with the lower layer hydraulic motor (102-30); the conveying belt (102-24) is arranged on the driving belt pulley (102-22) and the driven belt pulley (102-23); The plurality of mounting seats (102-25) are uniformly arranged on the conveying belt (102-24), and the plurality of poking fingers (102-26) are respectively arranged on the plurality of mounting seats (102-25).
6. The reed crop harvesting lateral conveying apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the length and the position of the oppositely disposed lower lateral conveying unit in the horizontal direction are the same as the length and the position of the oppositely disposed lateral conveying units of the upper lateral conveying mechanism (102-4) and the middle lateral conveying mechanism (102-5) in the horizontal direction.
7. The reed crop harvesting lateral conveying apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the conveying speeds of the upper lateral conveying mechanism (102-4), the middle lateral conveying mechanism (102-5) and the lower lateral conveying mechanism (102-6) satisfy the following conditions: , , , Wherein: representing the conveying speed of the poking teeth (102-15) of the upper transverse conveying mechanism (102-4); representing the conveying speed of the poking teeth (102-15) of the middle-layer transverse conveying mechanism (102-5); Representing the conveying speed of the poking finger (102-26) of the lower transverse conveying mechanism (102-6); Representing the falling velocity component of the cut reed crop stalks in the vertical direction.
8. The reed crop harvesting lateral conveying apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the number of teeth (102-15) of the upper lateral conveying mechanism (102-4) and the middle lateral conveying mechanism (102-5) satisfies the following condition: Wherein: representing the number of the poking teeth (102-5); Indicating the forward speed of the harvester; representing a single harvest cycle; Showing the cutting amplitude of a harvester cutting table; representing the growth density of reed crops to be harvested.
9. A reed crop harvester comprising a reed crop harvesting cross conveyor as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.

Description

Reed crop harvesting transverse conveying device and harvester Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a reed crop harvesting transverse conveying device and a harvester. Background Reed is a high-stalk crop growing on the wetland and has important values in ecological, economic and cultural aspects. Because of the severe growth environment, the manual harvest has high working strength and low harvesting efficiency. Some existing harvesting devices are modified from low-stalk crops such as wheat and rice, and most of the harvesting devices only have the work of cutting and bundling, are paved on site after the roots of the reeds are cut by a cutting table of the harvester, need to collect and bundle manually, are difficult to adapt to the thick and long reeds with stalks, and further can cause the problems of high machine failure rate, high reed harvesting loss rate and the like. At present, a single-layer cutting and conveying device is mainly adopted in reed harvesting equipment in China, but reed crop stalks are higher, uneven stress is easily caused by pulling reed by the single-layer conveying device, and lodging conditions exist in a mature period, so that the single-layer cutting and conveying device cannot effectively pull reed for cutting, and missed cutting is caused. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the technical problems, one of the purposes of the invention is to provide a reed crop harvesting transverse conveying device, which adopts an upper layer transverse conveying mechanism, a middle layer transverse conveying mechanism and a lower layer transverse conveying mechanism, wherein the upper layer transverse conveying mechanism, the middle layer transverse conveying mechanism and the lower layer transverse conveying mechanism are respectively provided with a poking finger or a poking tooth, the heights of the transverse conveying mechanisms can be automatically adjusted by collecting the heights of the transverse conveying mechanisms, a cutting knife and the reeds, the orderly transverse conveying of the reeds can be realized, the conveying efficiency of a harvester is improved, and the reed crop harvesting device is simultaneously suitable for harvesting other high-stalk crops. One of the purposes of one mode of the invention is to provide a reed crop harvester, which comprises the reed crop harvesting transverse conveying device and can realize orderly and orderly transverse conveying of reed crops. Note that the description of these objects does not prevent the existence of other objects. Not all of the above objects need be achieved in one embodiment of the present invention. Other objects than the above objects can be extracted from the description of the specification, drawings, and claims. The present invention achieves the above technical object by the following means. A reed crop harvesting transverse conveying device comprises an upper transverse conveying mechanism, a middle transverse conveying mechanism, a lower transverse conveying mechanism, a height sensor, a transverse conveying device hydraulic cylinder group, a displacement sensor and a control unit; the upper transverse conveying mechanism is arranged at the uppermost part, a plurality of poking teeth are arranged on the upper transverse conveying mechanism, and the upper transverse conveying mechanism is used for collecting and clamping the upper parts of the stalks of reed crops and completing poking; The middle-layer transverse conveying mechanism is arranged below the upper-layer transverse conveying mechanism, a plurality of poking teeth are arranged on the middle-layer transverse conveying mechanism, and the middle-layer transverse conveying mechanism is used for collecting and clamping the middle part of the reed crop stalks and completing poking; The lower transverse conveying mechanism is arranged below the middle transverse conveying mechanism, is provided with a plurality of poking fingers and is used for collecting and clamping the lower parts of the stalks of reed crops and completing poking; the height sensor is used for detecting the height of the middle-layer transverse conveying mechanism; the hydraulic cylinder group of the transverse conveying device is arranged between the upper transverse conveying mechanism and the middle transverse conveying mechanism and used for controlling the distance between the upper transverse conveying mechanism and the middle transverse conveying mechanism; the displacement sensor is used for detecting the expansion and contraction amount of the hydraulic cylinder group of the transverse conveying device; The control unit is respectively connected with the height sensor, the transverse conveying device hydraulic cylinder group and the displacement sensor and is used for adjusting the height of the middle-layer transverse conveying mechanism through the transverse conveying device hydraulic cylinder g