CN-117259957-B - Inertia friction welding method of high-precision compressor rotor assembly

CN117259957BCN 117259957 BCN117259957 BCN 117259957BCN-117259957-B

Abstract

A method for inertial friction welding of rotor assembly of high-precision compressor includes designing welding structure, determining stress position of welded part, determining welding sequence, measuring radial runout of disk center and runout precision of disk center end surface of the to-be-welded part, clamping reference disk to tailstock, clamping upper stage disk onto main shaft, inputting welding parameters to finish welding, measuring radial runout precision of disk center and runout precision of disk center, machining welding flash of welding assembly, clamping welding assembly to tailstock, finishing welding, and measuring radial runout precision of disk center and runout precision of end surface. The invention has the advantages that the problem of out-of-tolerance radial runout of the disk center and the end surface runout after the welding of the rotor assembly of the compressor is solved, the welding rigidity can be improved, the welding deformation is reduced, the processing difficulty after the welding is reduced, and the processing quality and the processing efficiency are improved.

Inventors

ZHAO QIANG
LIU JUNYU
LIU JIATAO
ZHU WENHUI
LI XIAOGUANG

Assignees

中国航发沈阳黎明航空发动机有限责任公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20231109

Claims (3)

1. The inertia friction welding method of the high-precision compressor rotor assembly is characterized by comprising the following steps of: step one, designing a pre-welding structure diagram aiming at each stage of disc part diagram of the compressor; The maximum outer circle diameter of the structure diagram before welding is 1-6mm larger than the maximum outer diameter of the part, the outer diameter size of the welding surface of the structure diagram before welding is 1-3mm larger than the outer diameter of the welding part of the part diagram, the inner diameter size of the welding surface of the structure diagram before welding is 1-3mm smaller than the inner diameter of the welding part of the part diagram, a single disc of a final-stage air compressor is selected as a reference disc, the outer diameter of a clamping outer circle of the reference disc is 1-3mm smaller than the outer diameters of outer circles of other discs, the outer diameters of the outer circles of the other discs are the same, the outer circles with larger outer diameters are machined to achieve the same outer circle diameter of the reference disc after welding, the welding structure of the reference disc is required to keep allowance at the clamping position, the allowance is 10-40mm, and the radial runout and the end runout value of the reference disc after welding is smaller than 0.20mm; The method comprises the steps of determining a stress part of a structure diagram before welding, wherein an outer circle of the structure diagram before welding is subjected to circumferential clamping force exerted by a clamping tool, a clamping force stress area covers 90% -100% of the size of the outer circle surface, the circumferential clamping force of a reference disc is two, one part is positioned on a large-diameter outer circle and is used for auxiliary clamping, the other part is positioned on a small-diameter outer circle and is used for main clamping, the main clamping force is larger than the auxiliary clamping force exerted on the large-diameter outer circle, the rigidity of the small-diameter outer circle is higher than that of the large-diameter outer circle, the axial welding pressure part of the reference disc is positioned on the side surface of the large outer circle, the axial pressure parts of other single discs of the gas compressor are positioned on the side surface of the large outer circle, and the axial pressure is in the same axis with the welding surface; Step three, determining a welding sequence; The final stage disc is used as a reference disc, the previous stage discs of the reference disc are sequentially welded to the assemblies of the reference disc in a welding sequence, the excircle reference of the reference disc is used as the precision detection reference of the subsequent welding assemblies, the reference disc is clamped at the tailstock end, the tailstock clamping fixture is always clamped at the excircle position of the reference disc, and the subsequent single-disc welding of each stage of air compressors is sequentially welded on the reference disc; Measuring the precision of radial runout of the disk centers and the end surface runout of the disk centers of all the workpieces to be welded; Clamping a reference disc to a tailstock, clamping a previous-stage disc to a main shaft side, and enabling parts of the main shaft and the tailstock to be in a coaxial state; step six, inputting welding parameters to finish welding; measuring radial runout and end runout precision of a disk center of the two-stage disk; step eight, processing welding flash of the welding assembly; Completely removing welding flash, machining the welding allowance of an inner cavity, completely machining and removing the allowance of the welding inner cavity, removing a part of the allowance of the outer circle of the compressor disc on the main shaft side, wherein the diameter of the outer circle is the same as that of the outer circle of the reference disc, and machining a welding boss at the other end of the welding assembly; Step nine, clamping the welding assembly processed in the step eight to a tailstock, clamping a reference disc by a tailstock clamping tool, clamping a to-be-welded disc to a main shaft, and enabling parts of the main shaft and the tailstock to be in a coaxial state; step ten, inputting welding parameters to finish welding; Step eleven, measuring radial runout and end runout precision of the disc center, wherein the welding precision is 0-0.20mm; step twelve, processing welding flash of the welding assembly; Completely removing welding flash, machining the welding allowance of an inner cavity, completely machining and removing the allowance of the welding inner cavity, removing a part of the allowance of the outer circle of the compressor disc on the main shaft side, wherein the diameter of the outer circle is the same as that of the outer circle of the reference disc, and machining a welding boss at the other end of the welding assembly so as to facilitate the next welding; Thirteenth, clamping the welding assembly processed in the twelfth step to a tailstock, and clamping a reference disc by a tailstock clamping tool, wherein parts of a main shaft and the tailstock are in a coaxial state; fourteen, inputting welding parameters to finish welding; Fifteen, measuring radial runout and end runout precision of the disc center, wherein the welding precision is 0-0.20mm; Sixthly, processing welding flash of the welding assembly and processing welding allowance of an inner cavity.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the precision of radial runout and runout of the disk center end faces of all the parts to be welded is not greater than 0.05mm.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the radial runout and the runout of the centers of the two stages of discs are 0-0.20mm in welding precision.

Description

Inertia friction welding method of high-precision compressor rotor assembly Technical Field The invention relates to the field of welding, in particular to an inertia friction welding method of a high-precision compressor rotor assembly. Background The compressor rotor assembly is an extremely important part in an aeroengine, and is generally formed by welding a plurality of compressor disks, and the compressor rotor assembly is required to bear tens of thousands of times per minute of high-speed rotation, so that the manufacturing precision requirement on the compressor assembly is extremely strict, and once the manufacturing precision required by the size of a design drawing is exceeded, the dynamic balance level of the compressor assembly is lowered, so that the compressor rotor vibrates at a high speed rotation speed. In the prior art, a plurality of high-temperature alloy air compressor disks are welded into an integral air compressor rotor assembly by adopting an inertia friction welding method, the rigidity of a welding structure is insufficient, welding parts deform in the welding process, the disk heart-rate and the end-rate of the air compressor rotor assembly exceed the precision requirement of 0.20mm, the unbalance of the air compressor assembly can be increased due to the out-of-tolerance of the disk heart-rate and the end-rate, the dynamic balance level is reduced, the air compressor rotor vibrates at a high speed rotating speed, and the like. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide an inertia friction welding method for a high-precision compressor rotor assembly, which can solve the problem of out-of-tolerance welding precision of the inertia friction welding compressor rotor assembly. The invention provides an inertia friction welding method of a high-precision compressor rotor assembly, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: step one, designing a pre-welding structure diagram aiming at each stage of disc part diagram of the compressor; The maximum outer circle diameter of the structure diagram before welding is 1-6mm larger than the maximum outer diameter of the part, the outer diameter size of the welding surface of the structure diagram before welding is 1-3mm larger than the outer diameter of the welding part of the part diagram, the inner diameter size of the welding surface of the structure diagram before welding is 1-3mm smaller than the inner diameter of the welding part of the part diagram, a single disc of a final-stage air compressor is selected as a reference disc, the outer diameter of a clamping outer circle of the reference disc is 1-3mm smaller than the outer diameters of outer circles of other discs, the outer diameters of the outer circles of the other discs are the same, the outer circles with larger outer diameters are machined to achieve the same outer circle diameter of the reference disc after welding, the welding structure of the reference disc is required to keep allowance at the clamping position, the allowance is 10-40mm, and the radial runout and the end runout value of the reference disc after welding is smaller than 0.20mm; The method comprises the steps of determining a stress part of a structure diagram before welding, wherein an outer circle of the structure diagram before welding is subjected to circumferential clamping force exerted by a clamping tool, a clamping force stress area covers 90% -100% of the size of the outer circle surface, the circumferential clamping force of a reference disc is two, one part is positioned on a large-diameter outer circle and is used for auxiliary clamping, the other part is positioned on a small-diameter outer circle and is used for main clamping, the main clamping force is larger than the auxiliary clamping force exerted on the large-diameter outer circle, the rigidity of the small-diameter outer circle is higher than that of the large-diameter outer circle, the axial welding pressure part of the reference disc is positioned on the side surface of the large outer circle, the axial pressure parts of other single discs of the gas compressor are positioned on the side surface of the large outer circle, and the axial pressure is in the same axis with the welding surface; Step three, determining a welding sequence; The final stage disc is used as a reference disc, the previous stage disc of the reference disc is welded to the assembly of the reference disc in sequence in the welding sequence, the excircle reference of the reference disc is used as the precision detection reference of the subsequent welding assembly, the reference disc is clamped at the tailstock end, the tailstock clamping fixture is always clamped at the excircle part of the reference disc, and the subsequent single-disc welding of each stage of air compressors is sequentially welded on the reference disc; Measuring the precision of radial runout of the disk centers and the end surface runout of the disk centers of all the t