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CN-117288019-B - Vehicle compact heat storage device capable of controlling heat transmission in temperature zone

CN117288019BCN 117288019 BCN117288019 BCN 117288019BCN-117288019-B

Abstract

The invention provides a vehicle compact heat storage device capable of controlling heat transmission in a temperature zone, which comprises a heat storage tank, a liquid storage tank and a heat exchange tube, wherein the heat storage tank comprises a heat storage tank body and a heat storage tank end cover, the liquid storage tank comprises a liquid storage tank body, the liquid storage tank body is a storage chamber for storing liquid metal, the heat exchange tube sequentially passes through the central axes of the heat storage tank body and the storage chamber, a vacuum layer I, a heat storage layer, an electric heating layer, a high-temperature heat insulation layer and a vacuum layer II are sequentially arranged outside the heat exchange tube in the heat storage tank body, and the vacuum layer I is communicated with the storage chamber through an air suction hole. When charged, electrical energy is converted to thermal energy and stored. When the heat is released, the heat release power is regulated by controlling the filling height of the liquid metal in the vacuum layer, so that on one hand, the boiling of the cooling liquid can be prevented, the cooling liquid can be directly introduced into the device to finish high-power heat extraction, and on the other hand, the heat exchange area can be timely increased when the heat storage capacity of the device is reduced so as to maintain the heat release power of the device.

Inventors

  • XIE PENG
  • WANG JINGFEI
  • LIN CHENG

Assignees

  • 北京理工大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20231012

Claims (8)

  1. 1. The compact heat storage device for the vehicle is characterized by comprising a heat storage tank, a liquid storage tank and a heat exchange tube (2), wherein the heat storage tank comprises a heat storage tank body (1) and a heat storage tank end cover (8), the liquid storage tank comprises a liquid storage tank body (9), the liquid storage tank body (9) is a storage chamber (10) for storing liquid metal, the heat exchange tube (2) sequentially passes through the central axis of the heat storage tank body (1) and the central axis of the storage chamber (10), a vacuum layer I (6), a heat storage layer (3), an electric heating layer (4), a high-temperature heat insulation layer (5) and a vacuum layer II (13) are sequentially arranged outside the heat exchange tube (2) in the heat storage tank body (1), the vacuum layer I (6) is communicated with the storage chamber (10) through an air suction hole (12), and a piston (11) for extruding the liquid metal is arranged in the storage chamber (10).
  2. 2. The compact heat storage device for the vehicle capable of controlling heat transmission across a temperature area according to claim 1, wherein a heat insulation end cover (7) is arranged between the bottoms of the heat storage layer (3), the electric heating layer (4), the high-temperature heat insulation layer (5), the vacuum layer I (6) and the vacuum layer II (13) and the heat storage tank end cover (8).
  3. 3. The compact heat storage device for a vehicle with controllable heat transmission across a temperature area according to claim 1, wherein the heat storage layer (3) is filled with a metal phase change material of aluminum-silicon alloy.
  4. 4. The compact heat storage device for a vehicle with controllable heat transmission across a temperature zone according to claim 1, wherein the outer part of the electric heating layer (4) is made of stainless steel, and the inner part is made of heating resistance wires.
  5. 5. The compact heat storage device for a vehicle capable of controlling heat transmission across a temperature area according to claim 1, wherein the high-temperature heat insulation layer (5) and the heat insulation end cover (7) are made of stainless steel, and an inner layer and an outer layer of the compact heat storage device are provided with corrosion-resistant coatings and heat insulation coatings.
  6. 6. The compact heat storage device for a vehicle capable of controlling heat transfer across a temperature zone according to claim 2, wherein graphite-based corrosion-resistant coatings are arranged on the contact surface of the heat exchange tube (2) and the first vacuum layer (6), the contact surface of the inner wall of the first vacuum layer (6), the contact surface of the heat insulation end cover (7) and the first vacuum layer (6), the contact surface of the inner wall of the storage chamber (10) and the contact surface of the piston (11) and the storage chamber (10).
  7. 7. The compact heat storage device for a vehicle with controlled heat transfer across a temperature zone as set forth in claim 1, wherein the liquid metal material in the storage chamber (10) is a gallium-based alloy.
  8. 8. The compact heat storage device for a vehicle capable of controlling heat transmission across a temperature zone according to claim 3, wherein a temperature sensor is arranged at a position, which is in contact with a metal phase change material, in the heat storage tank body (1) for controlling the temperature of the metal phase change material.

Description

Vehicle compact heat storage device capable of controlling heat transmission in temperature zone Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of electric heat storage, in particular to a vehicle compact heat storage device capable of controlling heat transmission across temperature areas. Background The medium-high temperature metal phase-change material has the characteristics of high heat storage density and high heat conductivity, wherein the aluminum-silicon alloy material also has the characteristics of high phase-change latent heat, relatively low corrosiveness and the like, and becomes the metal phase-change heat storage material most widely studied and applied at present. The heat storage device based on the metal phase change material is generally manufactured by melting the metal material and then placing the melted metal material in a corrosion-resistant container tank, and the electric heating device and the heat exchange pipeline are in contact with the metal material for heat charging and heat extraction. The heat storage device adopting the metal phase change material design can be used for new energy power consumption and adjustment, traditional thermal power plant transformation, solar photo-thermal heat storage and power generation, high-end civil and commercial building heat storage and heat supply and hot water supply, electric small-sized automobiles and electric bus heat storage, winter car cabin heating, battery heat preservation and other fields. Because the phase transition temperature of metal phase change materials is generally high, in many application scenarios, such as winter heating for electric vehicles, the heat storage temperature is much higher than the heat utilization temperature. The high temperature of heat accumulation can effectively improve the heat accumulation density to increase the power of the heat accumulation device, but because of the too high temperature, the cooling liquid boils after entering, so that the heat exchange is difficult to directly carry out from the inside of the device, and the heat release power can be reduced by adopting air exchange. Disclosure of Invention (One) solving the technical problems Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a compact heat storage device for a vehicle, which can control heat transmission across temperature areas. The problem of high power heat extraction is solved by adding a vacuum layer between the heat storage layer and the heat exchange tube to prevent the cooling liquid from boiling inside the device, and the problem of heat release power regulation is solved by filling liquid metal. (II) technical scheme The compact heat storage device comprises a heat storage tank, a liquid storage tank and a heat exchange tube, wherein the heat storage tank comprises a heat storage tank body and a heat storage tank end cover, the liquid storage tank comprises a liquid storage tank body, the liquid storage tank body is a storage chamber for storing liquid metal, the heat exchange tube sequentially passes through the central axes of the heat storage tank body and the storage chamber, a vacuum layer I, a heat storage layer, an electric heating layer, a high-temperature heat insulation layer and a vacuum layer II are sequentially arranged outside the heat exchange tube in the heat storage tank body, the vacuum layer I is communicated with the storage chamber through a suction hole, and a piston for extruding the liquid metal is arranged in the storage chamber. Preferably, a heat insulation end cover is arranged between the bottoms of the heat storage layer, the electric heating layer, the high-temperature heat insulation layer, the first vacuum layer and the second vacuum layer and the heat storage tank end cover. Preferably, the material filled in the heat storage layer is a metal phase change material of aluminum-silicon alloy. Preferably, the outer part of the electric heating layer is stainless steel, and the inner part is a heating resistance wire. Preferably, the high-temperature heat insulation layer and the heat insulation end cover are made of stainless steel, and the inner layer and the outer layer of the heat insulation end cover are provided with corrosion-resistant coatings and heat insulation coatings. Preferably, the contact surface of the heat exchange tube and the first vacuum layer, the contact surface of the heat insulation end cover and the first vacuum layer, the contact surface of the inner wall of the storage chamber and the piston and the storage chamber are all provided with graphite-based corrosion-resistant coatings. Preferably, the liquid metal material in the storage chamber is a gallium-based alloy. Preferably, a temperature sensor is installed at a position, which is in contact with the metal phase change material, in the heat storage tank body and is used for the temperature of the metal phase change material. (III) beneficial effects The invention provides