CN-117324649-B - Multi-adaptability turning and milling composite main shaft unit

CN117324649BCN 117324649 BCN117324649 BCN 117324649BCN-117324649-B

Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-adaptability turning and milling composite main shaft unit which consists of a main shaft power rotation module, an end tooth axial locking module and an elastic radial locking module; the rear end of the main shaft power rotation module is connected with an elastic radial locking module, the elastic radial locking module is structurally characterized in that the tail end of a sleeve is connected with a rear sleeve through a bushing, three parallel annular grooves are formed in the inner wall of the rear sleeve, annular friction plates are arranged in each annular groove, two ends of each friction plate are respectively welded with the end parts of the corresponding annular grooves to form annular welding seams, and one annular oil groove is connected with a corresponding pipe joint through a pipeline in the rear sleeve and is respectively connected with a corresponding hydraulic control valve through an independent oil way. The turning and milling composite main shaft unit not only has the functions of high-speed turning, equal-angle positioning and locking and arbitrary-angle positioning and locking, but also can realize the functions of resisting stronger milling, damping turning under high torque and low rotating speed and milling under zero rotating speed, thereby meeting the composite processing of various complex working conditions.

Inventors

XU YONGMING
ZHANG WEI
LI BO
WANG SHIPENG
TONG YONGZHONG
WANG SHENGRONG
SUN WENCHAO
DUAN HUIBIN
ZHAO WEICHAO
CHENG HAISHENG
ZHANG CUIQING
QIU YAN
ZHANG BAODONG
KONG XIANGZHI
YU WENQIU
YANG XIAOJUAN
JIANG HUA
PENG DONGBIAO
YANG WENHUA

Assignees

沈阳机床股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20231011

Claims (4)

1. A multi-adaptability turning and milling composite main shaft unit is characterized by comprising a main shaft power rotation module (10), an end tooth axial locking module (20) and an elastic radial locking module (30), wherein the main shaft power rotation module (10) comprises an axle center (1) and a sleeve (2), the axle center (1) is connected with a motor rotor, the sleeve (2) is connected with a motor stator, the rear end of the sleeve (2) is connected with a bushing (3), the front end of the main shaft power rotation module (10) is connected with an indexable end tooth axial locking module (20), the rear end of the main shaft power rotation module (10) is connected with the elastic radial locking module (30), the elastic radial locking module (30) is structurally characterized in that the tail end of the sleeve (2) is connected with a rear sleeve (4) through the bushing (3), the rear sleeve (4) is in coaxial clearance fit with the axle center (1), three parallel annular grooves are formed in the inner wall of the rear sleeve (4), annular friction plates (5) are respectively welded with the ends of corresponding annular grooves to form annular welding seams (6), a plurality of corresponding annular grooves (7) are formed in the bottom surface of each friction plate (5), one of the corresponding annular grooves (7) are connected with one pipe joint (8), the three pipe joints (8) are respectively connected with corresponding hydraulic control valves through independent oil ways, any one or two hydraulic control valves are started simultaneously to enable the corresponding friction plate or two friction plates (5) to expand and deform, the outer circumference of the rear end part of the shaft center (1) bears the locking force of the friction plate (5), but the main shaft can rotate at a low speed, high-torque low-rotation-speed damping cutting of a workpiece or spindle transposition milling processing under zero rotation speed is achieved, the three hydraulic control valves are started simultaneously to enable the three friction plates (5) to expand and deform simultaneously to clamp the outer circumference of the rear end part of the shaft center (1), the end tooth axial locking module (20) locks and positions and locks the main shaft axially and radially, so that the front bearing and the rear bearing of the main shaft are uniformly stressed when the main shaft bears cutting force, reverse gaps are eliminated, and the main shaft resists stronger cutting force to play the role of powerful cutting.
2. Use of a multi-adaptive turning composite spindle unit according to claim 1 for turning at high torque and low rotational speeds.
3. An application of the multi-adaptability turning and milling composite spindle unit in milling at zero spindle rotation speed in a spindle motor locked-rotor torque mode.
4. Use of a multi-adaptive turning and milling composite spindle unit according to claim 1 in a spindle that is free from rotation and is subjected to large cutting forces.

Description

Multi-adaptability turning and milling composite main shaft unit Technical Field The invention relates to a multi-adaptability turning and milling composite spindle unit, and belongs to the technical field of functional parts of numerical control machine tools. Background The main shaft is a core functional component of the machine tool, plays a vital role in the turning and milling composite machine tool, and has strong flexible production capacity in a machining range. The spindle is an integrated product with wide turning capability and milling capability. When the turning and milling combined machine tool is in a turning state, the main shaft can rotate at a high speed, and when the turning and milling combined machine tool is in a milling state, the main shaft needs to be locked to ensure that the main shaft is motionless. Currently, end-toothed disc locking is commonly adopted for the conversion of turning and milling functions. Namely, the front end of the main shaft is locked by an end tooth disc locking device. The end tooth disc is arranged in front of the main shaft front bearing and only locks the front end of the main shaft, so that the front and rear stress of the main shaft is uneven, and the defects of insufficient rigidity, reverse clearance, incapability of completely unloading the stress of the main shaft bearing, increase of the axial force of the main shaft and the like exist. In addition, the end tooth disc locking structure is arranged at the rear end of the main shaft, so that the problem of front arrangement of the end tooth disc is practically the same. Besides the end tooth disc locking indexing structure, the structure that hydraulic oil enters the sealing cavity is adopted, the structure adopts a U-shaped sealing ring to lock the front end of the main shaft in an encircling mode, the sealing member has any equally-dividing function, but the sealing member is easy to age and has a lower service life, and the sealing member is generally used in medium and small-sized turning and milling compound machine tools. Besides the two structures, the disc type brake device is also provided, after the spindle motor is positioned by the encoder, the motor is stopped, at the moment, the spindle is positioned, the flat disc is braked by adopting the oil cylinder, so that the spindle is ensured not to rotate when bearing milling force, the structure is simple, but the brake pad is mainly axially locked at single-point or multi-point circumferences, the locking force is limited, the brake pad is not suitable for large-cutting-amount machining, and the positioning precision is not ideal. With the increasing degree of compounding of machine tool products, the requirements on the turning and milling main shaft are also increasing, so that a turning and milling main shaft which can adapt to various processing conditions is needed. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a multi-adaptability turning and milling composite main shaft unit, which not only has the functions of high-speed turning, equal-angle positioning and locking and arbitrary-angle positioning and locking, but also can realize the functions of resisting stronger milling, damping turning under high torque and low rotating speed and milling under zero rotating speed, thereby meeting the composite processing of various complex working conditions. The multi-adaptability turning and milling composite spindle unit comprises a spindle power turning module, an end tooth axial locking module and an elastic radial locking module, wherein the spindle power turning module comprises an axle center and a sleeve, the axle center is connected with a motor rotor, the sleeve is connected with a motor stator, the rear end of the sleeve is connected with a bushing, the front end of the spindle power turning module is connected with an indexable end tooth axial locking module, the rear end of the spindle power turning module is connected with the elastic radial locking module, the elastic radial locking module is structurally characterized in that the tail end of the sleeve is connected with a rear sleeve through a bushing and is in coaxial clearance fit with the axle center, three parallel annular grooves are formed in the inner wall of the rear sleeve, annular friction plates are arranged in each annular groove, two ends of each friction plate are welded with the end parts of the corresponding annular groove to form an annular weld joint, a plurality of annular oil grooves are formed in the annular grooves corresponding to the bottom surface of each friction plate, one annular oil groove is connected with the corresponding pipe joint through a rear sleeve inner pipeline, and the three pipe joints are respectively connected with the corresponding hydraulic control valve through independent oil ways. An application of a multi-adaptability turning and milling composite main shaft unit in turning under high tor