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CN-117346180-B - Combustion chamber, gas turbine and gas turbine system

CN117346180BCN 117346180 BCN117346180 BCN 117346180BCN-117346180-B

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of power generation, in particular to a combustion chamber, a gas turbine and a gas turbine system, wherein the combustion chamber comprises a flame tube and an air supply cavity which are connected; the fuel supply chamber is connected with the air supply chamber or the flame tube, and the CO 2 supply chamber supplies CO 2 to the air supply chamber or the flame tube. The gas turbine includes a combustor. The gas turbine system comprises a gas turbine, a waste heat boiler, a CO 2 capturing device, a CO 2 storage device, a CO 2 pressure regulating station, a CO 2 temperature control unit, a pressure control valve and a flow control valve which are sequentially connected, wherein the gas turbine is connected with the flow control valve, the captured CO 2 is introduced into a combustion chamber, the hydrogen-doped natural gas is diluted, the flame temperature is reduced, the flame radius is restrained from increasing, the flame propagation speed is reduced, backfire is effectively prevented, the hydrogen-doped proportion of the combustion chamber is improved, pollutant generation and emission are reduced, the CO 2 is recycled, carbon emission is reduced, and the environment-friendly benefit is achieved.

Inventors

  • ZHAI CHUNHUA
  • SUN WEI
  • SUN ZHENGBIAO
  • GUI HONGBO
  • GU RUIXUAN
  • YU JIABIN
  • SU TONG
  • LI JUN
  • WANG QIANYUAN
  • XI XINGUO
  • SHI HUAREN
  • XIAO JUNFENG
  • WANG WENYI
  • YIN HAIQIANG
  • LIU JIASHU
  • Cao Dianyao
  • ZHANG WENQIAN
  • XIA JIAXING
  • CHEN ZHIFENG
  • ZHANG SHUN
  • HUANG QING
  • PAN HENAN
  • WANG KAIZHU
  • JIAO DAOSHUN
  • ZHOU JIAN

Assignees

  • 华能国际电力江苏能源开发有限公司
  • 西安热工研究院有限公司
  • 华能南京燃机发电有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20231117

Claims (8)

  1. 1. A combustion chamber, comprising: A flame tube having a cavity providing a combustion space; an air supply chamber connected to the flame tube, the air supply chamber adapted to provide air to the flame tube; a fuel supply chamber connected to the air supply chamber or the flame tube, the fuel supply chamber being adapted to provide a premix of natural gas and hydrogen to the air supply chamber or the flame tube; A CO 2 supply cavity sleeved on the periphery of the fuel supply cavity, wherein the CO 2 supply cavity is connected with an air supply cavity or a flame tube, and the CO 2 supply cavity is suitable for supplying CO 2 to the air supply cavity or the flame tube; The air supply cavity is a first air ring cavity (10), the CO 2 supply cavity is a first CO 2 annular cavity (11), the fuel supply cavity is a first fuel column cavity (12), the first air ring cavity (10) is sleeved on the periphery of the first CO 2 annular cavity (11), a plurality of first cyclones (9) are circumferentially arranged at positions, close to the tail ends, of the first air ring cavity (10), a CO 2 cavity (15) and a first fuel cavity (16) are arranged on the first cyclones (9), the first CO 2 annular cavity (11) is communicated with the CO 2 cavity (15) through a first conveying hole (13), the first fuel column cavity (12) is communicated with the first fuel cavity (16) through a second conveying hole (14), the CO 2 cavity (15) is communicated with the tail ends of the first air ring cavity (10) through a first conveying hole (17), and the first fuel cavity (16) is communicated with the tail ends of the first air ring cavity (10) through a second conveying hole (18).
  2. 2.A combustion chamber, comprising: A flame tube having a cavity providing a combustion space; an air supply chamber connected to the flame tube, the air supply chamber adapted to provide air to the flame tube; a fuel supply chamber connected to the air supply chamber or the flame tube, the fuel supply chamber being adapted to provide a premix of natural gas and hydrogen to the air supply chamber or the flame tube; A CO 2 supply cavity sleeved on the periphery of the fuel supply cavity, wherein the CO 2 supply cavity is connected with an air supply cavity or a flame tube, and the CO 2 supply cavity is suitable for supplying CO 2 to the air supply cavity or the flame tube; The combustion chamber further comprises a premixing cavity arranged between the flame tube and an air supply cavity, wherein the premixing cavity is communicated with the flame tube and the air supply cavity, the fuel supply cavity is a second fuel column cavity (23), the CO 2 supply cavity is a second CO 2 annular cavity (19), the air supply cavity is a plurality of second air annular cavities (25) which circumferentially surround the second CO 2 annular cavity (19), an intermediate annular cavity (21) is arranged on the periphery of the second air annular cavity (25) close to the tail end, the second CO 2 annular cavity (19) is communicated with the intermediate annular cavity (21) through a third conveying hole (24), the intermediate annular cavity (21) is communicated with the corresponding second air annular cavity (25) through a third conveying hole (26), a plurality of second cyclones (22) are circumferentially arranged at positions of the second air annular cavity (25) close to the tail end, a second fuel cavity is arranged on the second air annular cavity (22), the second fuel cavity (19) is communicated with the second air column cavity (25) through the third conveying hole (24), and the second annular cavity (23) is communicated with the second air column cavity (25) through the second conveying hole (26) or the second air column cavity (25).
  3. 3. The combustor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the CO 2 provided by the CO 2 feed chamber is gaseous CO 2 .
  4. 4. A combustion chamber, comprising: A flame tube having a cavity providing a combustion space; an air supply chamber connected to the flame tube, the air supply chamber adapted to provide air to the flame tube; a fuel supply chamber connected to the air supply chamber or the flame tube, the fuel supply chamber being adapted to provide a premix of natural gas and hydrogen to the air supply chamber or the flame tube; A CO 2 supply cavity sleeved on the periphery of the fuel supply cavity, wherein the CO 2 supply cavity is connected with an air supply cavity or a flame tube, and the CO 2 supply cavity is suitable for supplying CO 2 to the air supply cavity or the flame tube; The fuel supply cavity is a third fuel column cavity (27), the CO 2 supply cavity is a third CO 2 annular cavity (28), the air supply cavity is a plurality of third air annular cavities (29) which are circumferentially arranged around the third CO 2 annular cavity (28), a plurality of third cyclones (30) are circumferentially arranged at positions, close to the tail ends, of the third air annular cavities (29), a third fuel cavity is arranged on the third cyclones (30), the third fuel column cavity (27) is communicated with the third fuel cavity through a fifth conveying hole, the third fuel cavity is communicated with the tail ends of the third air annular cavities (29) through a fifth conveying hole, and the third CO 2 annular cavity (28) is communicated with the flame tube through a plurality of sixth conveying holes (31) circumferentially arranged at the tail ends.
  5. 5. The combustor according to claim 4, wherein the third CO 2 loop chamber (28) provides CO 2 as supercritical CO 2 .
  6. 6. The combustion chamber according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the sixth supply hole (31) is arranged at an angle to the central axial direction of the flame tube, the outlet of the sixth supply hole (31) being inclined in a direction away from the central axis of the flame tube, the angle being in the range of 15-60 degrees.
  7. 7. A gas turbine comprising a combustion chamber according to claim 1 to 6.
  8. 8. A gas turbine system, comprising: the gas turbine (1) of claim 7; The waste heat boiler (2), the CO 2 capturing device (3), the CO 2 storage device (4), the CO 2 pressure regulating station (5), the CO 2 temperature control unit (6), the pressure control valve (7) and the flow control valve (8) are sequentially connected; the gas turbine (1) is connected with the waste heat boiler (2) and the flow control valve (8).

Description

Combustion chamber, gas turbine and gas turbine system Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of power generation, in particular to a combustion chamber, a gas turbine and a gas turbine system. Background Since the industrial revolution, human activity has emitted a large amount of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, so that the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere is rapidly increased, the greenhouse effect is increasingly enhanced, and the global climate is gradually warmed, thereby creating a series of global climate problems which are difficult to predict scientifically today. In order to radically reduce carbon emission, some power generation enterprises successfully blend natural gas with hydrogen and introduce the natural gas into a combustion chamber of a heavy gas turbine for combustion, thereby obviously reducing the carbon emission while ensuring production. However, the combustion of hydrogen is limited, and the problems of high speed, easy tempering and the like are caused, so that the proportion of the blended hydrogen is difficult to continuously increase under the condition that the integral structure of the combustion chamber is not changed. Disclosure of Invention Therefore, the invention aims to solve the technical problem that the hydrogen is burnt at a high speed and is easy to temper when natural gas and hydrogen are mixed and burnt, so that the defect of low hydrogen mixing ratio is overcome. In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a combustion chamber comprising: A flame tube having a cavity providing a combustion space; an air supply chamber connected to the flame tube, the air supply chamber adapted to provide air to the flame tube; a fuel supply chamber connected to the air supply chamber or the flame tube, the fuel supply chamber being adapted to provide a premix of natural gas and hydrogen to the air supply chamber or the flame tube; the CO 2 supply cavity is sleeved on the periphery of the fuel supply cavity, the CO 2 supply cavity is connected with the air supply cavity or the flame tube, the CO 2 supply cavity is suitable for supplying CO 2 to the air supply cavity or the flame tube, and the air supply cavity is arranged on the periphery of the CO 2 supply cavity. Optionally, the air supply cavity is a first air ring cavity, the CO 2 supply cavity is a first CO 2 ring cavity, and the fuel supply cavity is a first fuel column cavity; The first air ring cavity is sleeved on the periphery of the first CO 2 ring cavity, a plurality of first cyclones are circumferentially arranged at the position, close to the tail end, of the first air ring cavity, and a CO 2 cavity and a first fuel cavity are arranged on the first cyclones; The first CO 2 annular cavity is communicated with the CO 2 cavity through a first conveying hole, and the first fuel column cavity is communicated with the first fuel cavity through a second conveying hole; The CO 2 chamber communicates with the end of the air chamber through a first supply hole and the first fuel chamber communicates with the end of the first air chamber through a second supply hole. Optionally, the method further comprises: A premix chamber disposed between the liner and the air supply chamber; the premixing cavity is communicated with the flame tube and the air supply cavity; The fuel supply cavity is a second fuel column cavity, the CO 2 supply cavity is a second CO 2 annular cavity, the air supply cavity is a plurality of second air ring cavities which are arranged around the second CO 2 annular cavity at intervals, and an intermediate annular cavity is arranged on the periphery of the second air ring cavity close to the tail end; The second CO 2 annular cavity is communicated with the middle annular cavity through a third conveying hole, and the middle annular cavity is communicated with the corresponding second air annular cavity through a third supply hole. Optionally, a plurality of second cyclones are circumferentially arranged at the position, close to the tail end, of the second air ring cavity; the second fuel column cavity is communicated with the second fuel cavity through a fourth conveying hole, and the second fuel cavity is communicated with the tail end of the second air ring cavity through a fourth supply hole; the third supply hole is arranged on the wall surface of the second air ring cavity, and the third supply hole is positioned on one side or two sides of the second cyclone. Optionally, the CO 2 provided by the CO 2 supply chamber is gaseous CO 2. Optionally, the fuel supply cavity is a third fuel column cavity, the CO 2 supply cavity is a third CO 2 annular cavity, and the air supply cavity is a plurality of third air annular cavities surrounding the third CO 2 annular cavity at intervals; The device comprises a third air ring cavity, a plurality of third cyclones, a third fuel column cavity, a fourth fuel column cavity and a third fuel column cavity