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CN-117417473-B - Heavy haul railway base plate based on polyalcohol and preparation method and application thereof

CN117417473BCN 117417473 BCN117417473 BCN 117417473BCN-117417473-B

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to the technical field of polyurethane materials, and provides a polyol, a preparation method and an application thereof. The raw materials of the polyol comprise, by weight, 20-80 parts of methacrylate monomers, 20-80 parts of vinyl acetate, 1-20 parts of hydroxyl monomers, 0-20 parts of modified monomers, 10-100 parts of reactive diluents, 0.1-5 parts of initiators and 0-3 parts of molecular weight regulators, wherein the hydroxyl monomers comprise at least one of hydroxyethyl methacrylate, hydroxypropyl methacrylate, hydroxyethyl acrylate and N-methylolacrylamide, and the modified monomers comprise at least one of acrylamide, N-methylolacrylamide, maleic anhydride and itaconic acid. The disclosure also provides a heavy haul railway backing plate, and a preparation method and application thereof. The heavy-duty railway cushion plate is prepared by utilizing the self-designed and synthesized polyol, and at least achieves the effects of excellent rigidity and toughness, high temperature and low temperature resistance and buffering and assembly fatigue performance of the heavy-duty railway cushion plate.

Inventors

  • QIN QI
  • JIANG YUAN
  • SU YOUWEI
  • ZHANG YIBIN
  • ZHANG YUPING

Assignees

  • 四川西南交大铁路发展股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260512
Application Date
20231020

Claims (7)

  1. 1. The heavy haul railway backing plate is characterized by comprising the following raw materials: the first component comprises, by weight, 100 parts of polyol, 0-5 parts of catalyst, 0.1-10 parts of water, 0.1-0.5 part of foam stabilizer and 0-100 parts of filler, and The second component comprises 100 parts by weight of aromatic isocyanate and 0-50 parts by weight of viscosity modifier; wherein the mass ratio of the first component to the second component is 100:5-100; The raw materials of the polyol comprise the following components in parts by weight: 20-80 parts of methacrylate monomer, 20-80 parts of vinyl acetate, 1-20 parts of hydroxyl monomer, 10-100 parts of reactive diluent, 0.1-5 parts of initiator and 0-3 parts of molecular weight regulator; Wherein the hydroxyl monomer comprises at least one of hydroxyethyl methacrylate, hydroxypropyl methacrylate, hydroxyethyl acrylate and N-methylolacrylamide; The methacrylate monomer comprises at least one of methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, propyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, hexyl methacrylate, cyclohexyl methacrylate, phenyl methacrylate, isooctyl methacrylate, isobornyl methacrylate, dodecyl methacrylate, glycidyl methacrylate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate and hydroxypropyl methacrylate; The reactive diluent comprises at least one of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butanediol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, tripropylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polyethylene glycol and polytetramethylene glycol; the initiator includes at least one of a peroxide and an azo compound; the molecular weight regulator includes a thiol compound.
  2. 2. The heavy haul railway pad of claim 1, wherein the catalyst comprises at least one of an amine-based catalyst and a metal-based catalyst; and/or, the foam homogenizing agent comprises an organopolysiloxane; And/or the filler comprises at least one of toner, calcium carbonate, talcum powder, titanium white, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, ceramic powder, glass powder and quartz powder; And/or the aromatic isocyanate comprises at least one of TDI or a multimer thereof, MDI or a multimer thereof, NDI or a multimer thereof; And/or the viscosity modifier comprises at least one of a plasticizer, a softener, and a solvent.
  3. 3. The heavy haul railway pad of claim 1, wherein the method of preparing the polyol comprises: uniformly mixing the methacrylate monomer, the vinyl acetate, the hydroxyl monomer, the modified monomer and the molecular weight regulator to obtain a polymerized monomer; mixing and dissolving a part of the reactive diluent with the initiator to obtain an initiator solution; Adding the rest part of the reactive diluent, a part of the initiator solution and a part of the polymerization monomer into a reaction kettle, starting stirring, heating the reaction kettle to 50-100 ℃ and reacting for 20-60 min to obtain a first reaction solution; Respectively and simultaneously beginning to drop the rest of the initiator solution and the rest of the polymerization monomer into the first reaction solution to obtain a second reaction solution, wherein the time for dropping the rest of the initiator solution is a first dropping time, the time for dropping the rest of the polymerization monomer is a second dropping time, the first dropping time is 1-8 h, the second dropping time is 1-8 h, and the difference between the first dropping time and the second dropping time is not more than 2h, and And carrying out heat preservation reaction on the second reaction liquid for 3-4 hours, and cooling the reaction kettle to below 50 ℃ to obtain the polyol.
  4. 4. The heavy haul railway pad of claim 3, wherein a portion of the reactive diluent comprises 10% -25% by weight of a total weight of the reactive diluent; and/or, the weight of a part of the initiator solvent accounts for 10% -50% of the total weight of the initiator solvent; and/or the weight of a part of the polymerized monomer accounts for 5% -30% of the total weight of the polymerized monomer.
  5. 5. A method of making a heavy haul railway pallet according to claims 1-4, comprising: uniformly mixing the polyol, the catalyst, the foam homogenizing agent, the water and the filler to obtain the first component; uniformly mixing the aromatic isocyanate and the viscosity modifier to obtain the second component; preheating the first component and the second component to 40-60 ℃ respectively, mixing, pouring into a mold with the mold temperature of 0-80 ℃, demolding after waiting for 2-30 min, and performing first curing to obtain a primary product, and And (3) performing second curing on the primary product to obtain the heavy haul railway backing plate.
  6. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the first curing comprises first ambient temperature standing curing, wherein the first ambient temperature standing curing time is 12-48 hours; and/or the second curing comprises at least one of high-temperature curing and second normal-temperature standing curing, wherein the temperature of the high-temperature curing is 60-150 ℃, the time of the high-temperature curing is 0.3-24 h, and the time of the second normal-temperature standing curing is 4-240 h.
  7. 7. Use of a heavy haul railway pad as defined in claims 1-4 or a method as defined in claims 5-6 for the manufacture of railway fastener systems.

Description

Heavy haul railway base plate based on polyalcohol and preparation method and application thereof Technical Field The disclosure relates to the technical field of polyurethane materials, for example to a heavy haul railway backing plate based on polyol, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background The heavy haul railway is one of the transportation aorta of the national economy of the modern country, and the development of the heavy haul railway transportation is the main direction of the international freight railway and is an effective way for the energy expansion and synergy of the existing railway. The heavy haul railway has the remarkable advantages of large capacity, low cost, good economy, high transportation efficiency and the like, and most of China heavy haul railway is in a conventional heavy haul transportation mode. With the continuous perfection of the road network construction of the high-speed railway in China, basic conditions are created for the line-separated transportation of the passenger and the goods, the transportation of the goods is developed in the directions of rapidness, large transportation capacity, large axle weight and the like, on one hand, the heavy-load transportation with the axle weight of 30 tons and more is researched and developed, on the other hand, the scientific maintenance methods of the existing railway and the heavy-load channel are deeply researched, the heavy-load transportation potential is reasonably improved, the road network transportation capacity in China is further optimized, the line maintenance cost is reduced, and the maximization of the economic benefit is realized. Aiming at the characteristics of heavy-load transportation modes, the service performance and the degradation rule of equipment are widely and deeply researched, the performance and the working state of related parts are continuously improved, the service life of the equipment is prolonged, and the method has important practical significance. The aim of alleviating the power impact of the wheel track is always pursued by railway service technicians through reasonably arranging the track elasticity, researching and developing and applying high-performance elastic components. At present, the challenges faced in the operation and maintenance of the heavy haul railway line structure in China are that the transportation standard of the heavy haul railway is continuously improved, the technical standard of the line structure is needed to be enhanced, the key components and the technical performance of the key components are needed to be further improved, the elasticity of the track structure is poor, the service performance of the line is deteriorated, and the contradiction between the long tunnel defect and the large traffic is prominent. Based on the above, the geometric state of the track is difficult to maintain, the track bed is seriously hardened and limited by space-time factors and maintenance forces, the track bed is difficult to clean and maintain, and the elasticity of the track structure is provided by virtue of the track lower base plate to a great extent. The heavy haul railway in China mainly adopts a common rubber elastic backing plate and a thermoplastic polyester elastomer (TPEE) backing plate, wherein the former is extremely fast in damage and loss of elasticity due to insufficient strength, difficult guarantee of the supply quality and the like, the latter has measured rigidity reaching 250kN/mm, vitrification is obvious under low-temperature conditions, the rigidity is further increased, the capability of reducing power impact of wheel tracks and sharing wheel load of the rail lower backing plate which is almost lost in elasticity is reduced, the load of trains born on single sleeper is increased, the contact stress of components is increased, and a series of problems such as rail bearing grooves are caused to be gnawed. The polyurethane material has strong molecular structure designability, and can be theoretically prepared into the heavy haul railway backing plate with various performance indexes meeting the requirements through reasonable molecular structure design. However, the related research and development of polyurethane gaskets for heavy haul railway backboards reported in the literature are based on the existing commercial polyol, the performance and the raw material cost of the polyurethane gaskets are severely limited by the commercial polyol, the requirements on high elasticity, high rigidity and long-term use (aging) performance of the polyurethane gaskets are difficult to meet at the same time, and the cost price is high, so the polyurethane gaskets based on the commercial polyol are difficult to popularize in the market. Disclosure of Invention The purpose of the present disclosure is to overcome the shortcomings in the prior art, and to provide a polyol, a preparation method and an application thereof, and a heavy-duty railway pad, a prep