CN-117456807-B - Teaching platform for measuring ammonia molecule inversion energy level and application method thereof

CN117456807BCN 117456807 BCN117456807 BCN 117456807BCN-117456807-B

Abstract

The teaching platform for measuring the ammonia molecule reverse energy level comprises a microwave module, a gas module, a measuring module and a pressurizing module, wherein the microwave module comprises a tunable microwave source, an EH impedance adjuster is symmetrically arranged, the EH impedance adjuster is respectively connected with two horn antennas through a straight waveguide and is symmetrically opposite and arranged at intervals, the gas module comprises a gas container, the gas container is arranged at one side of the output end of the tunable microwave source and is positioned between the two horn antennas, a vacuum pump, a high-voltage direct-current power supply and an ammonia source are externally connected to the gas container, the measuring module is arranged at one side of the gas module far away from the microwave module, and comprises a detector connected with the EH impedance adjuster far away from the tunable microwave source, and the detector is externally connected with an oscilloscope. The teaching platform is low in cost and good in effect, and is suitable for quantum mechanical related experiment teaching.

Inventors

KONG LIJING
ZHOU YAO
He Panshan
XIAO YUXIN
LIU JIHONG
WANG FUMING
NI ZURONG

Assignees

厦门大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20231114

Claims (8)

1. An ammonia molecule reverse energy level measurement teaching platform, comprising: A microwave module, a gas module, a measurement module and a pressurizing module; The microwave module comprises a plurality of microwave modules, The frequency-adjustable microwave source is used for providing microwave signals required by experiments with the frequency of 11.0-13.0GHz, and the microwave signals are amplified by a double-frequency passive frequency multiplier, wherein the frequency of the microwave signals amplified by the passive frequency multiplier is 22-26GHz; The system comprises a pair of symmetrical EH impedance modulators, wherein the EH impedance modulators are respectively connected with two horn antennas through straight waveguides, the two horn antennas are symmetrically opposite and are arranged at intervals, the EH impedance modulators are used for changing the load state of a microwave system, and the EH impedance modulators are used for adjusting a teaching platform system to be in a matched, capacitive load or inductive load state; the gas module may comprise a gas module that is configured to, The gas container is arranged at one side of the output end of the adjustable frequency microwave source and is positioned between the two horn antennas, the gas container is externally connected with a vacuum pump and an ammonia source, the gas container forms a vacuum environment through the vacuum pump, and the ammonia source is used for supplementing ammonia into the evacuated gas container; The measuring module is arranged on one side of the gas module, which is far away from the microwave module, and comprises a detector connected with the EH impedance dispatcher, which is far away from the tunable microwave source, and the detector is externally connected with an oscilloscope, wherein the detector is coupled with induced voltage between two wide walls from the midpoint of the wide wall of the waveguide, and the induced voltage is detected by a microwave diode, so that a microwave signal is changed into a direct current signal reflecting the intensity of the microwave; The pressurizing module comprises a high-voltage direct current power supply, the high-voltage direct current power supply is connected with a pair of electrode plates, the two electrode plates are respectively and vertically arranged on the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the gas container in a corresponding mode, the high-voltage direct current power supply is used for providing an external electric field for ammonia in the gas container after vacuumizing, and the intensity of the external electric field provided by the high-voltage direct current power supply is 10000-15000V/m.
2. The teaching platform for measuring ammonia molecule inversion energy level according to claim 1, wherein the gas container is respectively communicated with the vacuum pump and the ammonia gas source through a vacuum rubber tube, a glass valve is further arranged between the gas container and the vacuum pump and between the gas container and the ammonia gas source, and a needle valve is further arranged between the gas container and the ammonia gas source.
3. The teaching platform for measuring ammonia molecule inversion energy level according to claim 1, wherein the output terminal of the detector is connected with a short-circuit piston, the short-circuit piston is a single-arm microwave element connected with the terminal of the transmission system, and reflects the incident microwave power without absorbing the incident microwave power, so that a pure standing wave state is formed in the transmission system.
4. A teaching platform for ammonia molecule reverse energy level measurement according to claim 3, wherein the shorting piston is a rectangular waveguide with movable metal shorting surfaces, the position of the shorting surface of the shorting piston being adjustable by a screw and directly readable.
5. The teaching platform for ammonia molecule inversion level measurement according to claim 1, wherein the gas container is made of quartz or glass.
6. A teaching platform for ammonia molecule reverse level measurement as defined in claim 1, wherein the amplified output of the feedhorn completely covers the sidewall surface of the gas container.
7. The application method of the ammonia molecule inversion energy level measurement teaching platform is characterized by being applied to the ammonia molecule inversion energy level measurement teaching platform according to any one of claims 1-6 and used for measuring absorption peaks corresponding to ammonia molecule J=3 and K=3 inversion energy levels, wherein J is the total angular momentum quantum number, and K is the angular momentum quantum number along the z-axis, and comprises the following steps: s1, starting an oscilloscope to preheat for 20-40min; s2, adjusting the two horn antennae to ensure alignment; S3, placing a gas container between the two horn antennas; S4, starting the adjustable frequency microwave source, and simultaneously adjusting the working voltage of the adjustable frequency microwave source to 5V; S5, adjusting the voltage from small to large in sequence between 5.9 and 7.2V, and measuring the microwave frequency by using a frequency meter to obtain the signal voltage V and the microwave frequency The relation between the two is recorded; S6, turning on the vacuum pump and the ammonia source, turning off the ammonia source after 8-12min, turning off the vacuum pump after 3-7min, and observing and recording the pressure value; S7, adjusting the voltage from small to large in sequence between 6.1 and 6.9V, reading out corresponding readings in an oscilloscope and recording to obtain a vacuum microwave signal spectrum ; S8, opening the ammonia gas source, observing and recording pressure readings, repeating S7, and obtaining an ammonia microwave signal spectrum ; S9, calculating the absorption spectrum of ammonia according to a formula The control voltage V and the corresponding frequency corresponding to the absorption peak corresponding to the inversion energy level of ammonia molecule j=3, k=3 are found, compared with the accurate measurement value of the absorption peak corresponding to the inversion energy level of ammonia molecule j=3, k=3 and the error is calculated.
8. The application method of the ammonia molecule inversion energy level measurement teaching platform is characterized by being applied to the ammonia molecule inversion energy level measurement teaching platform according to any one of claims 1-6 and used for measuring an absorption peak corresponding to an ammonia molecule j= 6,K =6 inversion energy level, wherein J is a total angular momentum quantum number, and K is an angular momentum quantum number along a z-axis, and comprises the following steps: s1, starting an oscilloscope to preheat for 20-40min; s2, adjusting the two horn antennae to ensure alignment; S3, placing a gas container between the two horn antennas; S4, starting the adjustable frequency microwave source, and simultaneously adjusting the working voltage of the adjustable frequency microwave source to 5V; S5, adjusting the voltage from small to large in sequence between 9.1 and 10.0V, and measuring the microwave frequency by using a frequency meter to obtain the signal voltage V and the microwave frequency The relation between the two is recorded; S6, turning on the vacuum pump and the ammonia source, turning off the ammonia source after 8-12min, turning off the vacuum pump after 3-7min, and observing and recording the pressure value; S7, adjusting the voltage from small to large in sequence between 9.2 and 10.3V, reading out corresponding readings in an oscilloscope and recording to obtain a vacuum microwave signal spectrum ; S8, opening the ammonia gas source, observing and recording pressure readings, repeating S7, and obtaining an ammonia microwave signal spectrum ; S9, calculating the absorption spectrum of ammonia according to a formula Finding the control voltage V corresponding to the absorption peak corresponding to the inversion energy level of the ammonia molecule J= 6,K =6 and the accurate measurement value of the absorption peak corresponding to the inversion energy level of the ammonia molecule J= 6,K =6, comparing the control voltage V with the corresponding frequency, and calculating an error; S10, adjusting the high-voltage power supply to 5000V, enabling the distance between the parallel polar plates to be 7cm, obtaining the electric field intensity, and repeating the step S7 to obtain an ammonia microwave signal spectrum under high voltage ’; S11, calculating the absorption spectrum of ammonia according to a formula The control voltage V and the corresponding frequency corresponding to the absorption peak corresponding to the inversion energy level of ammonia molecule j= 6,K =6 are found, compared with the accurate measurement value of the absorption peak corresponding to the inversion energy level of ammonia molecule j= 6,K =6 and the error is calculated.

Description

Teaching platform for measuring ammonia molecule inversion energy level and application method thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of physical experiment teaching instrument platforms, in particular to a teaching platform for measuring ammonia molecule inversion energy level and a use method thereof. Background In the twenty-first century, quantum technology became the focus of technological development in various countries. The quantum technology shows technical routes and technical performances beyond those allowed by classical physics in the fields of quantum computation, quantum communication, quantum precision measurement and the like, and becomes a research hotspot in basic science and many military and civil engineering fields. For understanding and mastering quantum mechanics, the understanding and mastering of quantum mechanics is becoming a necessary knowledge reserve of physical professionals and even more professionals, and therefore, the teaching of quantum mechanics is also receiving more attention and importance. Quantum mechanics is a difficulty in physical teaching because its concept is abstract and counterintuitive, and it is difficult for students to understand and master. Experiment teaching is an important auxiliary means for helping students understand and accept abstract concepts in quantum mechanics, however, at present, experiments related to quantum mechanics in university physics have the problems of few numbers and insufficient experimental subjects. The existing quantum mechanics experiment mainly comprises a Frank Hertz experiment, a photoelectric effect experiment, a Zeeman effect experiment, an electron spin resonance experiment and the like, and mainly takes electrons and photons as experiment main bodies. The quantum mechanics experiment of adding more quantum mechanics experiment items, especially adding the microscopic particles with larger mass such as atoms, molecules and the like and definite geometric shapes and dimensions as the experiment main body can be greatly helpful to the teaching of quantum mechanics. Quantum tunneling is a typical example in quantum mechanics theory teaching, and is also one of the important problems in research and verification of quantum mechanics. Therefore, a teaching platform suitable for application in university physics teaching is needed to assist a student in intuitively understanding quantum tunneling effects. Disclosure of Invention In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a teaching platform for measuring ammonia molecule inversion energy level and a use method thereof, and the invention is realized in the following way: A teaching platform for ammonia molecule inversion energy level measurement, comprising: A microwave module, a gas module, a measurement module and a pressurizing module; The microwave module comprises a plurality of microwave modules, The frequency-adjustable microwave source is used for providing microwave signals required by experiments with the frequency of 11.0-13.0GHz, and the microwave signals are amplified in frequency doubly by a frequency doubling passive frequency multiplier; The system comprises a pair of symmetrical EH impedance modulators, wherein the EH impedance modulators are respectively connected with two horn antennas through straight waveguides, the two horn antennas are symmetrically opposite and are arranged at intervals, the EH impedance modulators are used for changing the load state of a microwave system, and the EH impedance modulators are used for adjusting a teaching platform system to be in a matched, capacitive load or inductive load state; the gas module may comprise a gas module that is configured to, The gas container is arranged at one side of the output end of the adjustable frequency microwave source and is positioned between the two horn antennas, the gas container is externally connected with a vacuum pump and an ammonia source, the gas container forms a vacuum environment through the vacuum pump, and the ammonia source is used for supplementing ammonia into the evacuated gas container; The measuring module is arranged on one side of the gas module, which is far away from the microwave module, and comprises a detector connected with the EH impedance adjuster, which is far away from the tunable microwave source, and the detector is externally connected with an oscilloscope, wherein the detector is coupled with induced voltage between two wide walls from the midpoint of the wide wall of the waveguide, and the induced voltage is detected by a microwave diode, so that a microwave signal is changed into a direct current signal reflecting the intensity of the microwave; the pressurizing module comprises a high-voltage power supply, the high-voltage direct-current power supply is electrically connected with a pair of electrode plates, the two electrode plates are respectively and vertically arranged on the upper end surface and the lo