CN-117488130-B - Preparation method of ceramic particle reinforced metal matrix composite

Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method of a ceramic particle reinforced metal matrix composite material, and belongs to the technical field of new materials. The metal matrix is added into a high-temperature high-pressure reaction vessel, the metal is heated and pressurized to form a supercritical fluid, and then ceramic particles are added into the supercritical fluid to prepare the metal matrix composite. The ceramic particles of the metal matrix composite material prepared by the method can be uniformly distributed in the metal matrix, and the comprehensive performance of the material is effectively improved.

Inventors

• Deng ao
• XU SHIXIN
• ZHANG ZHIMIN
• LIU ZHIWEI
• YU ZHICHENG
• ZHU KE
• FENG KE

Assignees

• 中冶赛迪技术研究中心有限公司

Dates

Publication Date

20260508

Application Date

20231127

Claims (5)

1. 1. A preparation method of a ceramic particle reinforced metal matrix composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps: Adding ceramic particles into a metal matrix in a supercritical fluid state, and dispersing the ceramic particles by utilizing the characteristic of the supercritical fluid, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps of: (1) The selected ceramic reinforced particles are one or more of titanium carbide, titanium diboride, boron nitride, zirconium carbide, hafnium carbide, tantalum carbide, niobium carbide, silicon carbide, tungsten carbide and tungsten boride; (2) Adding the selected metal matrix into a high-temperature high-pressure reaction device, and heating and pressurizing to ensure that the temperature and the pressure respectively reach the critical temperature and the critical pressure of the metal matrix, so that the metal matrix reaches a supercritical fluid state; (3) Adding ceramic particles into a reaction device to disperse the ceramic particles, and carrying out auxiliary stirring by using a stirring rod; (4) Cooling the product after the stirring is finished and the ceramic particles are dispersed, reducing the pressure after the temperature is reduced to a certain temperature above the melting point of the metal matrix, and casting after the temperature is reduced to normal pressure to obtain the cast ingot.
2. 2. The method for producing a ceramic particle-reinforced metal matrix composite according to claim 1, wherein the heating temperature is 2900K to 3200K and the pressurizing pressure is 130MPa to 150MPa.
3. 3. The method for producing a ceramic particle-reinforced metal matrix composite material according to claim 1, wherein the stirring speed is 250 to 500rpm.
4. 4. The method for preparing a ceramic particle-reinforced metal matrix composite according to claim 1, wherein the stirring time is 10-30min.
5. 5. The method of producing a ceramic particle-reinforced metal matrix composite according to claim 1, wherein the product is depressurized after the temperature is lowered to 373K-423K above the melting point of the metal matrix.

Description

Preparation method of ceramic particle reinforced metal matrix composite Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of new materials, and relates to a preparation method of a ceramic particle reinforced metal matrix composite material. Background In the preparation process of the metal matrix composite, many composite processes are realized by interaction of a liquid metal matrix and a solid reinforcing body, and wettability between the liquid metal matrix and the solid reinforcing body is one of key factors for realizing composite, whether the composite is easy to compound and whether bonding after the composite is good. Wettability refers to the ability of a liquid to automatically spread on a solid surface. If the surface energy of the solid is greater than the surface energy of the liquid, the liquid spreads over the solid surface, i.e., the liquid wets the solid. The degree of wetting can be expressed in terms of the contact angle between the two. In various ceramic nanoparticle dispersion strengthening metal matrix composite materials used in the engineering world at present, as the wetting angle of the nanoparticles and a metal melt is generally larger, and when the wetting angle is larger than 90 degrees, the solid-gas interface energy is smaller than the solid-liquid interface energy, so that the solid surface tension tends to drive liquid away from the surface, and the solid is next to the solid. Thereby, the nanoparticles are more prone to form agglomerates in the melt to reduce the surface free energy of the overall system of nanoparticles. Disclosure of Invention In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a method for preparing a ceramic particle reinforced metal matrix composite material, which enables a ceramic particle reinforced phase to be stably and uniformly dispersed in a metal matrix. In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A process for preparing the metal-base composite reinforced by ceramic particles includes such steps as adding ceramic particles to the metal matrix in supercritical fluid state, and dispersing them by supercritical fluid. Alternatively, the metal matrix is brought into a supercritical fluid state by means of heat and pressure. Optionally, the metal matrix is a group formed by one or more of magnesium and its alloys. Optionally, the ceramic particles are a group of one or more of titanium carbide, titanium diboride, boron nitride, zirconium carbide, hafnium carbide, tantalum carbide, niobium carbide, silicon carbide, tungsten boride. Alternatively, the heating temperature is 2900K-3200K, and the pressurizing pressure is 130MPa-150MPa. Optionally, stirring bar is used to assist stirring during dispersing ceramic particles. Alternatively, the stirring speed is 250-500rpm. Optionally, the stirring time is 10-30min. Optionally, cooling the product after dispersing the ceramic particles, reducing the pressure of the product after the temperature is reduced to a certain temperature above the melting point of the metal matrix, and casting after reducing the pressure to normal pressure. Alternatively, the product is depressurized after the temperature drops to 373K-423K above the melting point of the metal matrix. The invention has the beneficial effects that: The fluid is in a supercritical state when the temperature and pressure of the fluid are above its critical temperature and critical pressure. At this time, the fluid has physicochemical properties between those of the gas and the liquid, has a similar solubility and heat transfer coefficient to those of the liquid, and has a similar viscosity coefficient and diffusion coefficient to those of the gas. When the supercritical metal fluid is in contact with the ceramic particles, according to thermodynamic analysis of a wetting theory, in order to reduce the surface tension of the ceramic particles, the surface unit area of the ceramic particles can adsorb as many molecules as possible, so that the wetting capability of the supercritical fluid and the ceramic particles is improved. Meanwhile, the temperature in the reaction process is higher than that in the common smelting process, so that the Brownian motion of ceramic particles in the machine body is more severe, and the ceramic particles are more uniformly dispersed. The ceramic particles of the metal matrix composite material prepared by the method can be uniformly distributed in the metal matrix, and the comprehensive performance of the material is effectively improved. Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the instrumentalities and combina