CN-117537001-B - Tapered roller bearing installation and adjustment method

CN117537001BCN 117537001 BCN117537001 BCN 117537001BCN-117537001-B

Abstract

The invention discloses a tapered roller bearing installation and adjustment method, which comprises the steps of initial data calibration, primary data measurement, secondary data measurement, primary data calculation, secondary data calculation, spacer ring processing, bearing assembly and the like which are sequentially carried out, wherein the thickness dimension of a spacer ring is calculated by measuring and calculating structural data of a bearing and a matched assembly thereof, the spacer ring is processed by grinding according to the thickness dimension, and then the spacer ring is assembled at a corresponding position between two bearings, so that the integral assembly of the bearing and the reliable installation connection of the bearing with a shaft and a bearing seat are completed. The matched spacer ring size can be accurately calculated without frequently disassembling and detecting the bearing in the whole operation process, and the matched spacer ring is matched, ground and formed according to the matched spacer ring size, so that the clearance measuring accuracy of the tapered roller bearing and the corresponding spacer ring matched size accuracy are improved, the overall assembly accuracy and the structural suitability of the bearing are correspondingly improved, and the assembly installation and the adaptation adjustment of the bearing are more accurate and efficient.

Inventors

ZHANG SHENLIN
ZHOU HE
WANG XIA
LI RONG
SUN YULIANG

Assignees

重庆齿轮箱有限责任公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20231227

Claims (5)

1. The tapered roller bearing installation and adjustment method is characterized by comprising the following steps: Calibrating initial data, namely horizontally placing a bearing, and measuring by using a measuring tool to obtain an initial height difference H between an inner ring and an outer ring of the bearing; The method comprises the steps of performing primary data measurement, sleeving an inner ring of a bearing on a shaft neck of a shaft in an aligned mode, and measuring at normal temperature to obtain a height difference H1 between the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing at the moment; The secondary data measurement is carried out, the outer ring of the bearing is arranged in the bearing seat in an aligning way, and the height difference H2 between the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing is obtained through measurement at normal temperature; Once data calculation is carried out, deformation coefficients K 1 and K 2 after bearing installation are respectively calculated according to the following formula ① and the formula ②, K 1 ＝tanα(H1-H)/Δd ①, And K 2 ＝tanα(H2-H)/ΔD ②, In the formulas ① and ②, alpha is the cone angle of the outer bearing raceway, K 1 is the installation deformation coefficient of the inner bearing ring, K 2 is the installation deformation coefficient of the outer bearing ring, deltad is the installation interference of the inner bearing ring, and DeltaD is the installation interference of the outer bearing ring; Secondary data calculation, if the sizes of the two symmetrically matched bearing models are the same, calculating according to the following formula ③ to obtain the thickness size r of the matched inner spacer required by the alignment installation of the two bearings which are arranged symmetrically at present, r＝R+h 1 +h 2 -(Δd 1 +Δd 2 )K 1 -(ΔD 1 +ΔD 2 )K 2 +γ ③, Or if the two symmetrically matched bearing models are different in size, the thickness dimension r of the spacer ring required to be matched for installing the two bearings which are arranged symmetrically at present is calculated according to the following formula ④, r＝R+h 1 +h 2 -(Δd 1 K 11 +Δd 2 K 12 )-(ΔD 1 k 21 +ΔD 2 k 22 )+γ ④, In the formulas ③ and ④, R is the thickness dimension of the inner spacer, R is the actual measurement dimension of the thickness of the outer spacer, gamma is the bearing clearance required by design, h 1 is the height difference between the inner ring and the outer ring in the horizontal placement state of the first bearing, h 2 is the height difference between the inner ring and the outer ring in the horizontal placement state of the second bearing, deltad 1 is the inner ring installation interference of the first bearing, deltaD 1 is the outer ring installation interference of the first bearing, deltad 2 is the inner ring installation interference of the second bearing, deltaD 2 is the outer ring installation interference of the second bearing, K 11 is the inner ring installation deformation coefficient of the first bearing, K 12 is the inner ring installation deformation coefficient of the second bearing, K 21 is the outer ring installation deformation coefficient of the first bearing, and K 22 is the outer ring installation deformation coefficient of the second bearing; spacer ring processing, namely producing and processing spacer rings with corresponding dimension specifications according to the spacer ring thickness dimension r obtained by secondary data calculation; And (3) assembling the bearings, namely assembling the machined spacer ring between two symmetrically arranged bearings in pairs and assembling the bearings in place to complete the integral assembly of the bearings.
2. The tapered roller bearing installation adjustment method as claimed in claim 1, further comprising the step of, after the bearing is assembled: And if the detection is not qualified, dismantling one bearing and a spacer ring which are positioned above the two symmetrically arranged bearings, correspondingly adjusting the thickness dimension of the spacer ring according to the detection data, repeating the bearing assembly step after the thickness dimension of the spacer ring is processed, and detecting the bearing clearance again by using the measuring tool until the detection result of the measuring tool on the bearing clearance is qualified.
3. The tapered roller bearing installation adjustment method according to claim 1, wherein if the bearings of the same specification are assembled in batches, the method further comprises the steps of, after the assembly: And (3) batch trial production, namely sequentially repeating the steps from the primary data measurement to the primary data calculation for 3-5 times to obtain 3-5 sets of trial assembled bearing data K 1 and K 2 , averaging the K 1 data, averaging the K 2 data to obtain corresponding data K 1 Are all and K 2 Are all of the size of the bearing of the model, and directly bringing K 1 Are all and K 2 Are all into the corresponding formulas for use in subsequent calculation.
4. The tapered roller bearing installation adjustment method according to claim 1, wherein the secondary data measurement step is omitted if the bearing outer race is in clearance fit with the bearing housing.
5. The tapered roller bearing installation adjustment method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the initial data calibration, if the model sizes of two symmetrically arranged bearings are the same, only one of the bearings is required to be subjected to the primary data measurement and the secondary data measurement in sequence, and the primary data calculation is performed to obtain values of deformation coefficients K 1 and K 2 required by the subsequent formula calculation; And if the model sizes of the two symmetrically arranged bearings are different, sequentially performing the primary data measurement and the secondary data measurement on the two bearings respectively, and performing data calculation on the two bearings respectively to obtain values of deformation coefficients K 1 and K 2 required by the calculation of the respective follow-up formulas of the two bearings respectively.

Description

Tapered roller bearing installation and adjustment method Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of debugging and installing methods of tapered roller bearing matched components, in particular to an installing and adjusting method of a tapered roller bearing. Background In the field of current mechanical transmission, tapered roller bearings are increasingly paid attention to because of their characteristics of being able to withstand both large radial and axial forces. Particularly, after the tapered roller bearings are matched for use, the bearing system can be well structurally supported, and after the bearing clearance is adjusted, the bearing can run in a stable state. As such, tapered roller bearings are increasingly used in transmission devices such as gearboxes, for example, many shafting systems in wind power generation gearboxes adopt a supporting mode of assembling tapered roller bearings in pairs. In the prior art, when the tapered roller bearing is assembled, a more traditional clearance adjusting method is generally adopted. Specifically, the bearing is installed on the bearing seat and the shaft, then the clearance of the bearing is tested by utilizing the tool adjusting pad with a thinner thickness, then the spacer ring with the matched size is matched and ground according to the measured size data, then the upper bearing is dismantled, the spacer ring and the bearing are sequentially installed and assembled in place, then the clearance of the bearing is retested, if the bearing is still unqualified, the spacer ring with the matched size is retested according to the retested size data, after the spacer ring is matched and ground, the upper bearing and the old spacer ring are removed again, then the new spacer ring and the upper bearing are assembled in place in sequence, and the clearance of the bearing is retested. And repeating the operation process until the clearance size of the bearing obtained by repeated measurement is qualified, and finishing the clearance adjustment of the bearing, thereby completing the corresponding assembly of the bearing. However, common tapered roller bearings are generally classified into a face-to-face mounting structure as shown in fig. 1 and a back-to-back mounting structure as shown in fig. 2, which are different in that the roller shafts are inclined in opposite directions with respect to the main shaft of the bearing. In actual installation and debugging, the tapered roller bearing installed face to face is convenient to install and disassemble, the operation difficulty is low, the operation process is simple and easy to implement, but the tapered roller bearing installed back to back is limited by the structural layout of the tapered roller bearing, the actual installation and disassembly operation difficulty is high, particularly, the tapered roller bearing of a back to back installation structure is more difficult to disassemble due to the fact that the inner ring of the bearing is in interference fit with the shaft, and accordingly the application difficulty of the corresponding traditional play adjusting method on the tapered roller bearing of the back to back installation structure is high. In actual operation, if the clearance size of the bearing needs to be frequently retested, the upper bearing and the matched spacer ring correspondingly need to be frequently disassembled, so that the labor intensity of workers is obviously increased, the whole operation process is time-consuming and labor-consuming, the operation efficiency is low, and correspondingly, the bearing is also subjected to non-working abrasion due to frequent disassembly and assembly of the upper bearing, so that a plurality of adverse effects are caused to the normal operation and use of the subsequent bearing. Therefore, how to optimize the play adjustment mode in the tapered roller bearing installation process, avoid frequent disassembly and assembly of the bearing and structural damage caused by the frequent disassembly and assembly, and ensure reliable installation and stable working operation of the tapered roller bearing is an important technical problem which needs to be solved by the skilled in the art at present. Disclosure of Invention The invention aims to provide a tapered roller bearing installation and adjustment method, which can optimize a play adjustment mode in the tapered roller bearing installation process, avoid frequent disassembly and assembly of the bearing and structural damage caused by the frequent disassembly and assembly, and ensure reliable installation and stable working operation of the tapered roller bearing. In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a tapered roller bearing installation and adjustment method, which comprises the following steps: Calibrating initial data, namely horizontally placing a bearing, and measuring by using a measuring tool to obtain an initial height difference H between an inne