CN-117585166-B - Supercooled large water drop detector

CN117585166BCN 117585166 BCN117585166 BCN 117585166BCN-117585166-B

Abstract

A supercooled large water drop detector capable of accurately and reliably identifying and distinguishing frozen weather of supercooled large water drops. The supercooled large water drop detector comprises a detector base and a detection structure, wherein the detection structure is used for detecting supercooled water drops in an airflow and identifying and distinguishing supercooled large water drop icing weather from icing weather, the outer layer of the detection structure is a temperature sensor layer, the middle layer is an electric heating film layer, the inner layer is a structural base, the electric heating film layer provides heating energy through a plurality of electric heating loops, the surface of the detection structure is kept at uniform temperature, the temperature sensor layer is provided with a plurality of temperature sensors, a controller is arranged in the structural base, the controller deduces the impact range of the supercooled water drops through temperature changes of a plurality of different positions caused by the supercooled water drops impacting the detection structure, and determines whether the previously impacted supercooled water drops are supercooled large water drops or not through judging whether the impact range exceeds the critical impact range of the supercooled water drops impacting the detection structure of critical dimensions.

Inventors

WU DONGWEN
WANG YANSHENG
JIN PENG
SHA ZHAOJUN
ZHANG WENWEN
LI QINGPING

Assignees

中国商用飞机有限责任公司
中国商用飞机有限责任公司上海飞机设计研究院

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20231123

Claims (12)

1. A supercooled large water drop detector comprises a detector base and a detection structure, It is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of, The detection structure is used for detecting supercooled water drops in the airflow and identifying and distinguishing icing weather of supercooled large water drops with supercooled water drops exceeding a critical dimension from icing weather, The detection structure comprises a three-layer structure, wherein the outer layer is a temperature sensor layer which is uniformly arranged, the middle layer is an electric heating film layer, the inner layer is a structural substrate, The electrically heated film layer, which is uniformly arranged in the intermediate layer of the detection structure, provides heating energy by means of a plurality of electrically heated loops at a plurality of different locations, so that the surface of the detection structure is kept at a uniform temperature in the absence of the influence of extraneous air currents and water droplets, The temperature sensor layer uniformly arranged on the outer layer of the electrically heated film layer has a plurality of temperature sensors for detecting surface temperature changes at the plurality of different positions of the detection structure in real time, A controller is disposed in the structural substrate, and the controller deduces an impingement range of supercooled water drops through temperature changes of the plurality of different positions caused by the supercooled water drops impinging on the detection structure, and determines whether previously impacted supercooled water drops are supercooled large water drops by judging whether the impingement range exceeds a critical impingement range when supercooled water drops of the critical size impinge on the detection structure.
2. The supercooled large water drop detector of claim 1, The detection structure is spherical or substantially spherical.
3. The supercooled large water drop detector of claim 2, The critical impingement range of the supercooled water droplets of the critical dimension upon impingement on the detection structure is a first stagnation point of the air flow, The maximum impingement range of supercooled water droplets upon impingement on the detection structure is the maximum stagnation point of the air flow, When the air flow collides with the detection structure in any direction and angle in the flight range between the maximum lift angle and the maximum depression angle of the aircraft, the relative positions of the first stagnation point of the air flow and the maximum stagnation point of the air flow are unchanged.
4. The supercooled large water drop detector of claim 3, When supercooled water droplets strike the detection structure, supercooled water droplets below the critical dimension strike only a first region between first stagnation points of the airflow, while supercooled large water droplets exceeding the critical dimension strike a second region between maximum stagnation points of the airflow while striking the first region.
5. The supercooled large water drop detector of claim 3, The supercooled large water drop detector is arranged at the aircraft nose position of the aircraft, The supercooled large water drop detector also has a curved conduit connecting the detector base with the detection structure, The detector base connected with one end of the pipeline is arranged in the aircraft skin and is fixed with the engine body structure, The duct is curved such that the detection structure connected to the other end of the duct faces the air flow parallel to the air flow direction of the aircraft.
6. The supercooled large water drop detector of claim 5, The portion connected to the duct, i.e. the non-impingement area of the air flow, is formed in a streamline shape adapted to allow air to flow therethrough with low resistance.
7. The supercooled large water drop detector of claim 5, The temperature sensors respectively transmit the temperature detection value or the temperature change value at the corresponding position to the controller through the temperature sensor cables, The plurality of electric heating loops are connected with the controller by using a power-on cable, The controller is responsible for providing current for a plurality of electric heating loops of the electric heating film layer and collecting signals of a plurality of temperature sensors of the temperature sensor layer and performing data processing.
8. The supercooled large water drop detector of claim 7, The pipe is a hollow pipe and is provided with a plurality of pipes, The temperature sensor cable and the energizing cable are disposed inside the duct.
9. The supercooled large water drop detector of any one of claims 1 to 8, Each electric heating loop corresponding to different positions in the electric heating film layer is spirally arranged or arranged in a shape like a Chinese character 'hui', The measuring positions of the temperature sensors are uniformly arranged at the right center of the zigzag or spiral shape of each electric heating loop of the electric heating film layer.
10. The supercooled large water drop detector of any one of claims 1 to 8, The structural substrate employs a thermally poor conductor material.
11. The supercooled large water drop detector of any one of claims 1 to 8, The frozen weather has frozen weather of supercooled water droplets of a plurality of different critical dimensions, The supercooled large water drop detector can detect the size range of supercooled water drops impacting the detection structure to determine the icing weather where the current icing weather is located.
12. The supercooled large water drop detector of any one of claims 1 to 8, The size of the detection structure is 30-300 mm, The size of the detection structure, the cross-sectional size of the temperature sensor and the layout size of the electric heating circuit comprise the following combinations: Combination 1, i.e. the dimension of the detection structure is 50mm, the cross-sectional dimension of the temperature sensor is 1mm, and the layout dimension of the electric heating circuit is 3mm; Combination 2, i.e. the dimension of the detection structure is 100mm, the cross-sectional dimension of the temperature sensor is 2mm, and the layout dimension of the electric heating circuit is 4mm; combination 3, i.e. the dimension of the detection structure is 150mm, the cross-sectional dimension of the temperature sensor is 3mm, and the layout dimension of the electric heating circuit is 5mm; the size of the combination 4, namely the detection structure is 200mm, the cross-sectional size of the temperature sensor is 3mm, and the layout size of the electric heating circuit is 6mm.

Description

Supercooled large water drop detector Technical Field The invention relates to a supercooled large water drop detector, in particular to a supercooled large water drop detector with a (e.g. spherical) detection structure, which is used for identifying and distinguishing freezing weather of supercooled large water drops and belongs to the field of freezing detection. Background The aviation industry has stringent requirements for icing weather, as icing weather can jeopardize the safety of the aircraft, potentially presenting serious flight risks to the aircraft. The frozen weather includes supercooled water drop frozen weather below 50 μm (i.e., appendix C of national aviation regulation 25) and supercooled large water drop frozen weather above 50 μm (appendix O of airworthiness management regulations for people's republic of China). Whereas conventional icing detectors can be used to identify icing conditions, there is no further distinction between whether supercooled water droplets are icing conditions or supercooled large water droplets are icing conditions. Typical aircraft anti-icing systems are designed based on icing weather conditions of less than 50 microns, and therefore, when an aircraft enters a supercooled large water droplet icing weather with supercooled water droplets exceeding 50 microns, a safety event may occur in which the aircraft quickly freezes and stalls crashes due to insufficient anti-icing capability to cover such icing weather. One possible solution currently aimed at supercooled large water droplet icing weather is to perform the escape action immediately upon the detector recognizing an incoming supercooled large water droplet icing weather. For this reason, it is important to develop a detector capable of accurately and reliably identifying and distinguishing icing weather of supercooled large water droplets. Disclosure of Invention The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a supercooled large water droplet detector, more specifically, a supercooled large water droplet detector having a (e.g., spherical) detection structure, capable of accurately and reliably identifying and distinguishing freezing weather of supercooled large water droplets. In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a supercooled large water droplet detector comprising a detector base and a detecting structure, characterized in that the detecting structure is configured to detect supercooled water droplets in an air stream and to identify and distinguish from icing weather the icing weather of supercooled large water droplets whose supercooled water droplets exceed a critical dimension, the detecting structure comprises a three-layer structure, an outer layer is a uniformly arranged temperature sensor layer, an intermediate layer is an electrically heated film layer, an inner layer is a structural base, the electrically heated film layer uniformly arranged in the intermediate layer of the detecting structure provides heating energy by a plurality of electrically heated loops at a plurality of different positions, so that a surface of the detecting structure is maintained at a uniform temperature when no influence of external air flow and water droplets is present, the temperature sensor layer uniformly arranged in an outer layer of the electrically heated film layer has a plurality of temperature sensors for detecting in real time a change in a surface temperature of the plurality of different positions of the detecting structure, a controller is provided in the structural base, the controller is provided in the structural base by supercooling water droplets, the controller judges whether the supercooled water droplets have impacted by the plurality of supercooled water droplets whose supercooled positions caused by the detecting structure have impacted the supercooled water droplets and whether the critical dimension has been previously determined by the collision of the supercooled water droplets. According to the structure, when supercooled water drops with different sizes in the airflow strike the detection structure of the supercooled large water drop detector, the size of the supercooled water drops is quantized according to the position range of the temperature change of the detection structure caused by the supercooled water drops, so that the technical problem that the traditional icing detector can only be used for identifying icing weather, but can not further distinguish whether the supercooled water drops freeze weather or the supercooled large water drops freeze weather is solved, and the safety event that the aircraft is quickly frozen and then stalled due to insufficient anti-icing capacity can be prevented by accurately and reliably identifying and distinguishing the supercooled large water drops freeze weather, so that the safety and the navigability of the aircraft are improved.