CN-117628536-B - Torch igniter and gas turbine

CN117628536BCN 117628536 BCN117628536 BCN 117628536BCN-117628536-B

Abstract

The invention provides a torch igniter and a gas turbine. The torch igniter comprises a main combustion stage nozzle, an on-duty stage nozzle, an igniter and an igniter, wherein the main combustion stage nozzle is provided with a first fuel inlet, a first air inlet and a first discharge hole, the on-duty stage nozzle is provided with a second fuel inlet and a second fuel outlet, the second fuel outlet is adjacent to the first discharge hole, fuel sprayed from the second fuel outlet is used for igniting fuel sprayed from the first discharge hole after being combusted, the igniter is provided with a third fuel inlet and a third fuel outlet, the third fuel outlet is adjacent to the second fuel outlet, the second fuel outlet is positioned between the first discharge hole and the third fuel outlet, the third fuel outlet is annular, the third fuel outlet is annularly arranged on the periphery of the on-duty stage nozzle, the fuel sprayed from the third fuel outlet is used for igniting the fuel sprayed from the second fuel outlet after being combusted, and the igniter is adjacent to the third fuel outlet. Therefore, the torch igniter provided by the invention has the advantage of high ignition safety.

Inventors

JIN JINGWEI
JING DALIANG
DUAN DONGXIA
WANG HAILIAN
Zhang Citian
XIN FANG

Assignees

国家电投集团北京重燃能源科技发展有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20231115

Claims (10)

1. A torch igniter, comprising: The main combustion stage nozzle is provided with a first fuel inlet, a first air inlet and a first discharge hole; The on-duty nozzle is provided with a second fuel inlet and a second fuel outlet, the second fuel outlet is adjacent to the first discharge port, and the fuel sprayed out of the second fuel outlet is used for igniting the fuel sprayed out of the first discharge port after being combusted; The ignition part is provided with a third fuel inlet and a third fuel outlet, the third fuel outlet is adjacent to the second fuel outlet, the second fuel outlet is positioned between the first discharge port and the third fuel outlet, the third fuel outlet is annular, the third fuel outlet is annularly arranged on the periphery of the duty nozzle, and the fuel sprayed out of the third fuel outlet is used for igniting the fuel sprayed out of the second fuel outlet after being combusted; An igniter adjacent to the third fuel outlet for igniting fuel emitted from the third fuel outlet; After the igniter ignites the fuel sprayed out of the third fuel outlet of the ignition part, the igniter stops working, the flame sprayed out of the ignition part can ignite the fuel sprayed out of the second fuel outlet of the duty nozzle, then the third fuel outlet of the ignition part stops spraying the fuel, the duty flame sprayed out of the duty nozzle can ignite the fuel sprayed out of the first discharge outlet of the main fuel nozzle, and the third fuel outlet is annularly arranged on the periphery of the duty nozzle, so that the flame sprayed out of the third fuel outlet is a flame for diffusion combustion.
2. The torch igniter of claim 1 wherein the ignition portion has a plurality of spaced ignition cavities, the third fuel inlets being a plurality, the third fuel outlets including a plurality of circumferentially spaced third fuel sub-outlets, the plurality of ignition cavities being in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of third fuel inlets and the plurality of third fuel sub-outlets.
3. The torch igniter of claim 2 wherein the ignition portion is sleeved on a perimeter of the duty nozzle, the ignition portion and the duty nozzle defining the ignition cavity, the third fuel inlet and the third fuel outlet.
4. A torch igniter as defined in any one of claims 1-3 wherein, The flow rate of the fuel sprayed out of the second fuel outlet is larger than the flow rate of the fuel sprayed out of the third fuel outlet; the direction of the first discharge hole is a first direction; the second fuel outlet is positioned between the first discharge port and the third fuel outlet in the first direction; the distance between the first discharge hole and the second fuel outlet in the first direction is more than or equal to 5mm and less than or equal to 300mm; The distance between the third fuel outlet and the second fuel outlet in the first direction is 10mm or more and 200mm or less.
5. The torch igniter of claim 4 wherein, The main combustion stage nozzle is annular, the axial direction of the main combustion stage nozzle is the first direction, and the main combustion stage nozzle is provided with a diffusion hole penetrating through the main combustion stage nozzle in the first direction; The main combustion stage nozzle is provided with a first side face and a second side face which are opposite to each other in the first direction, the first side face and the second side face are annular faces with the thickness being equal to that of the first direction, the annular inner edge of the first side face defines a first opening of the diffusion hole, air can enter the diffusion hole from the first opening, the annular inner edge of the second side face defines a second opening of the diffusion hole, the first fuel inlet and the first air inlet are formed in the first side face, the first discharge hole is formed in the second side face, and the first fuel inlet, the first air inlet and the first discharge hole are all multiple; The on-duty nozzle is a pipe body extending along the first direction, the second fuel inlet and the second fuel outlet are formed at two ends of the nozzle, and the second fuel outlet penetrates through the first opening and stretches into the diffusion hole.
6. The torch igniter of claim 5 wherein, The diffusion hole comprises a first reducing section and a second reducing section which are sequentially connected in the first direction, the second reducing section is positioned on one side of the first reducing section away from the first opening in the first direction, the diameter of the first reducing section is reduced in the first direction along the direction away from the first opening, and the diameter of the second reducing section is increased in the first direction along the direction away from the first opening; the second fuel outlet is adjacent to the junction of the first and second variable diameter sections in the first direction; The second fuel outlet is located within the first variable diameter section of the diffusion bore; the second fuel outlets are arranged at the end parts of the duty nozzle at intervals along the circumferential direction, and are obliquely arranged in the direction away from the axis of the duty nozzle in the direction adjacent to the second reducing section.
7. The torch igniter of claim 6 wherein, The diffusion hole further comprises a straight pipe section, and the straight pipe section is positioned at one side of the first reducing section, which is opposite to the second reducing section, in the first direction; The cyclone is arranged in the straight pipe section and is annularly arranged at the periphery of the duty-level nozzle, and the cyclone comprises a plurality of cyclone sheets which are sequentially arranged along the circumferential direction.
8. The torch igniter of claim 5 wherein the ignition portion is adjacent the first opening in the first direction, the ignition portion being a tube extending in the first direction, the third fuel outlet and the third fuel inlet being located at opposite ends of the ignition portion, the third fuel outlet being oriented toward the first opening in the first direction.
9. The torch igniter of claim 8 wherein, it is characterized by comprising The end cover is arranged at intervals with the main combustion stage nozzles in the first direction, is annular, is provided with a mounting hole penetrating through the end cover along the first direction, is provided with a main combustion stage fuel cavity, is provided with a plurality of main combustion stage fuel pipes communicated with the main combustion stage fuel cavity, and is communicated with a plurality of first fuel inlets in a one-to-one correspondence; The fixed plate, the fixed plate is fixed on the end cover, the on-duty nozzle with ignition portion with the some firearm is all fixed on the fixed plate, ignition portion with the some firearm is all worn to locate in the mounting hole, the some firearm can discharge in order to ignite third fuel outlet spun fuel, the fixed plate has the ignition fuel chamber, the ignition fuel chamber is annular, the ignition fuel chamber with third fuel inlet intercommunication.
10. A gas turbine, comprising: a torch igniter, the torch igniter being the torch igniter of any one of claims 1-9; And the flame tube is communicated with the main combustion stage nozzle of the torch igniter.

Description

Torch igniter and gas turbine Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of combustors, in particular to a torch igniter and a gas turbine. Background The conversion of conventional fossil-fueled (natural gas, diesel, etc.) gas turbines into hydrogen-fueled gas turbines is currently an important direction of development by various gas turbine manufacturers. The research and the application of the hydrogen gas turbine can relieve the energy safety problem on one hand, and can lead the application direction of the zero-carbon clean energy on the other hand, and the hydrogen gas turbine plays a key supporting role in constructing a novel power system taking new energy as a main body. Compared with natural gas fuel based on methane used by the traditional gas turbine, the physical and chemical properties of the hydrogen fuel are greatly different. The hydrogen is easy to self-ignite, the self-ignition delay time is very short under the normal temperature and normal pressure condition, the minimum ignition energy is only 0.02mJ, the ignition is easier to ignite but the safety is more difficult to control compared with 0.28mJ of methane, in addition, the flame propagation speed of the hydrogen is very high, the laminar flame propagation speed of the hydrogen can be up to 10 times of that of the methane under the normal temperature and normal pressure condition, and the hydrogen is extremely easy to temper. In the related art, the hydrogen-doped gas turbine has a complex ignition structure, needs to be additionally provided with a natural gas and propane loop for ignition, and is matched with corresponding switching control logic, so that the gas turbine and an application system thereof have a complex structure and high cost. Disclosure of Invention The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent. To this end, embodiments of the present invention provide a flare igniter and a gas turbine. The torch igniter of the embodiment of the invention comprises: The main combustion stage nozzle is provided with a first fuel inlet, a first air inlet and a first discharge hole; The on-duty nozzle is provided with a second fuel inlet and a second fuel outlet, the second fuel outlet is adjacent to the first discharge port, and the fuel sprayed out of the second fuel outlet is used for igniting the fuel sprayed out of the first discharge port after being combusted; The ignition part is provided with a third fuel inlet and a third fuel outlet, the third fuel outlet is adjacent to the second fuel outlet, the second fuel outlet is positioned between the first discharge port and the third fuel outlet, the third fuel outlet is annular, the third fuel outlet is annularly arranged on the periphery of the duty nozzle, and the fuel sprayed out of the third fuel outlet is used for igniting the fuel sprayed out of the second fuel outlet after being combusted; and an igniter adjacent to the third fuel outlet for igniting fuel sprayed from the third fuel outlet. Therefore, the torch igniter provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantage of high ignition safety. In some embodiments, the ignition portion has a plurality of ignition cavities arranged at intervals, the third fuel inlets are a plurality of, the third fuel outlets include a plurality of third fuel sub-outlets arranged at intervals in a circumferential direction, and the plurality of ignition cavities are communicated with the plurality of third fuel inlets and the plurality of third fuel sub-outlets in a one-to-one correspondence. In some embodiments, the ignition portion is sleeved on a peripheral side of the duty nozzle, and the ignition portion and the duty nozzle define the ignition cavity, the third fuel inlet and the third fuel outlet. In some embodiments, the second fuel outlet emits fuel at a greater flow rate than the third fuel outlet emits fuel at a flow rate; the direction of the first discharge hole is a first direction; the second fuel outlet is positioned between the first discharge port and the third fuel outlet in the first direction; the distance between the first discharge hole and the second fuel outlet in the first direction is more than or equal to 5mm and less than or equal to 300mm; The distance between the third fuel outlet and the second fuel outlet in the first direction is 10mm or more and 200mm or less. In some embodiments, the primary combustion stage nozzle is annular in shape, the primary combustion stage nozzle having an axial direction that is the first direction, the primary combustion stage nozzle having diffusion holes therethrough in the first direction; The main combustion stage nozzle is provided with a first side face and a second side face which are opposite to each other in the first direction, the first side face and the second side face are annular faces with the thickness being equal to that of the first direction, the annular inner edge of th