CN-117644202-B - Ultra-high strength and toughness gearbox valve body, powder core wire material for gearbox valve body and method

CN117644202BCN 117644202 BCN117644202 BCN 117644202BCN-117644202-B

Abstract

The invention discloses a powder core wire for an ultra-high strength and toughness gearbox valve body, which comprises, by mass, 0.5% of carbon powder, 10% -15% of manganese powder, 10% -15% of chromium powder, 15% -20% of nickel powder, 1% of titanium powder, 1% of silicon powder, 2% of molybdenum powder, 2% of copper powder, 1.5% -2% of CeO 2 powder, the balance of iron powder, a low-carbon steel belt as the outer skin, and a filling rate of the powder core wire of 20% -25% by weight. The powder core wire is used for manufacturing the ultra-high strength and toughness structural member through 3D printing. Also discloses an ultra-high strength and toughness gearbox valve body, a preparation method of the powder core wire for the ultra-high strength and toughness gearbox valve body and a preparation method of the ultra-high strength and toughness gearbox valve body.

Inventors

ZHANG MIN
Diao Jianshuai
ZHOU WENKUN
LI CHAOXU
CHENG LONG
ZHANG ZHIQIANG

Assignees

西安理工大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20231127

Claims (8)

1. The powder core wire for the ultra-high strength and toughness gearbox valve body is characterized by comprising, by mass, 0.5% of carbon powder, 10% -15% of manganese powder, 10% -15% of chromium powder, 15% -20% of nickel powder, 1% of titanium powder, 1% of silicon powder, 2% of molybdenum powder, 2% of copper powder, 1.5% -2% of CeO 2 powder, the balance of iron powder, a low-carbon steel belt as the outer skin, and the filling rate of the powder core wire is 20% -25%.
2. The method for preparing the powder core wire for the ultra-high strength and toughness gearbox valve body according to claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following steps: The method comprises the following steps of 1, respectively weighing, by mass, 0.5% of carbon powder, 10% -15% of manganese powder, 10% -15% of chromium powder, 15% -20% of nickel powder, 1% of titanium powder, 1% of silicon powder, 2% of molybdenum powder, 2% of copper powder, 1.5% -2% of CeO 2 powder and the balance of iron powder; and 2, alloying all the weighed powder by adopting a planetary ball mill, wherein the rotating speed of the ball mill is 300r/min-350r/min, the ball milling time is 4-5 h, a metal flux-cored wire drawing machine is adopted to prepare a flux-cored wire, the flux-cored wire is reduced once every 0.2mm until the diameter is 1.6mm, the outer skin is a low-carbon steel belt, and the filling rate of the powder core wire is 20-25 wt%.
3. The preparation method of the ultra-high strength and toughness gearbox valve body is characterized by comprising the following specific operation steps of: Step 1, preparing a powder core wire material for an ultra-high strength and toughness gearbox valve body by adopting the method of claim 2; Step 2, selecting a 12CrNiMoV martensitic stainless steel substrate, polishing the surface of the substrate by using an angle grinder, removing impurities by using ultrasonic cleaning equipment after polishing, and then placing the substrate in a vacuum drying furnace and preserving for later use; Step 3, firstly, carrying out 3D modeling on an ultrahigh-strength and high-toughness gearbox valve body by adopting an electric arc material-increasing method, and then carrying out layering treatment on the model, so as to convert the model into a program suitable for electric arc material-increasing manufacturing; Step 4, loading the powder core wire material for the ultra-high strength and toughness gearbox valve body prepared in the step1 into an arc welding robot, and performing arc material adding on a base material layer by layer to prepare the ultra-high strength and toughness gearbox valve body; Step 5, after the ultra-high strength and toughness gearbox valve body prepared in the step 4 is cooled to room temperature, performing a heat treatment process on the ultra-high strength and toughness gearbox valve body; And 6, after the part subjected to the heat treatment process in the step 5 is cooled to room temperature, carrying out precision machining on the whole part.
4. The method for manufacturing an ultra-high-strength and high-toughness gearbox valve body according to claim 3, wherein in the step 3, the ultra-high-toughness gearbox valve body is modeled by adopting PRO/E three-dimensional solid modeling software; the CAM software is utilized to carry out slicing treatment and then program conversion, the slice is led into an arc welding robot demonstrator to carry out layered arc additive manufacturing, the path is selected to be a single-layer multi-path and reciprocating path to finish stacking of one layer of multi-path, and the non-linear part adopts continuous short-path direct welding; the method comprises the steps of finishing one layer of accumulation of each additive in the 3D printing process, changing the deposition direction when the next layer of the additive begins, designing the length width of a path and the height of additive manufacturing in the additive manufacturing process according to the proportion in a design drawing of a valve body of a gearbox, repeatedly accumulating the additive manufacturing layer by layer to the height and the width required by the design drawing, wherein the nonlinear welding speed is 0.3m/min-0.55m/min, the linear welding speed is 0.2m/min-0.35m/min, the welding speed of the nonlinear part is 0.1 m/min-0.2 m/min faster than the welding speed of the linear part, the machining allowance of + -3mm is needed to be reserved at the part with the thickness of less than or equal to 5mm in the part, the part with the linear part width of more than or equal to 10mm adopts a swing arc welding process, the welding speed of the swing arc welding part is 0.20 m/min-0.26 m/min, the swing arc amplitude is 10mm-12mm, the swing arc frequency is 1Hz-2Hz, the stay time is 0.1-0.1 m-0.2 m/min, and the swing arc welding speed is converted into a single-layer arc stacking time interval of a plurality of channels in the machine, and the multiple layer accumulation process is ensured.
5. The preparation method of the ultra-high strength and toughness gearbox valve body according to claim 3 is characterized in that in the step 4, specific process parameters of arc additive are welding process parameters including welding voltage of 21-23V, welding current of 140-150A, welding wire extending length of 12-14 mm, removing surface oxide skin and slag by an angle grinder after each layer of arc cladding is finished, performing next cladding after cooling to 150 ℃, wherein shielding gas is 100% Ar, gas flow is 15-20L/min, and welding speed is 280-mm/min-320 mm/min.
6. The method for preparing a valve body of an ultra-high strength and toughness gearbox according to claim 3, wherein in the step 5, a nitrate furnace is used for tempering in heat treatment, the temperature is 600+/-10 ℃, and the valve body is placed in air and cooled to room temperature.
7. The method for manufacturing the ultrahigh-strength and high-toughness gearbox valve body according to claim 3, wherein in the step 6, a six-axis numerical control machine tool is adopted to precisely process the whole part, a milling mode is adopted to process the uneven surface area, and meanwhile machining precision required by working conditions of the valve body is ensured to be +/-3 mm.
8. An ultra-high strength and toughness gearbox valve body, characterized in that the valve body is prepared by the method of any one of claims 3-7.

Description

Ultra-high strength and toughness gearbox valve body, powder core wire material for gearbox valve body and method Technical Field The invention belongs to the field of intelligent manufacturing, and particularly relates to a powder core wire for an ultra-high-strength and high-toughness gearbox valve body, a preparation method of the powder core wire for the ultra-high-toughness gearbox valve body and a preparation method of the ultra-high-toughness gearbox valve body. Background The ultra-high-strength and high-toughness steel has the characteristic of excellent performance, such as high strength, high toughness and the like, and key parts in the fields of metallurgy, automobiles, aviation and the like are widely selected as a first-choice material for being widely applied to a plurality of important industrial fields of metallurgy, military, engineering, electric power, aviation and the like. The clutch and the shifting fork are mainly controlled by a hydraulic principle, the automobile gearbox valve body is usually made of ultra-high toughness materials through investigation, the production technology and quality control of the ultra-high toughness steel are unstable at present in China, the ultra-high toughness steel is prepared through a die casting technology, the thicknesses of all parts of the gearbox valve body are different, defects, such as air hole defects, slag holes and sand holes, occur in products in the casting process, and the service life is severely limited. At present, most of the manufacturing of the gearbox valve body is manufactured by adopting a casting-forging-finishing mode, when the manufacturing method is adopted, the material waste rate is high, the casting quality is unstable, the production period is long, the working procedures are many, the casting of the complex part is difficult to control the uniform cooling, the macrosegregation is caused, and the like, and the crack is easily caused. In addition, the high-strength steel has extremely high processing difficulty after forging and is extremely easy to damage a cutter. Disclosure of Invention The invention provides a powder core wire for an ultra-high strength and toughness gearbox valve body, which is used for manufacturing an ultra-high strength and toughness structural member through 3D printing. The second purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation method of the powder core wire for the ultra-high strength and toughness gearbox valve body. The third object of the invention is to provide a preparation method of the ultra-high strength and toughness gearbox valve body, the mechanical property of the ultra-high strength and toughness gearbox valve body manufactured by the method meets the actual working condition, and meanwhile, the phenomenon that the ultra-high strength and toughness gearbox valve body is difficult to quench through and crack in the traditional manufacturing process is avoided. The fourth object of the invention is to provide an ultra-high strength and toughness gearbox valve body. The first technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the powder core wire for the ultra-high strength and toughness gearbox valve body comprises a powder core powder and a sheath, wherein the powder core powder comprises, by mass, 0.5% of carbon powder, 10% -15% of manganese powder, 10% -15% of chromium powder, 15% -20% of nickel powder, 1% of titanium powder, 1% of silicon powder, 2% of molybdenum powder, 2% of copper powder, 1.5% -2% of CeO 2 powder, the balance of iron powder, and the total mass of the components is 100%, the sheath is a low-carbon steel belt, and the specific components are C0.021%, mn 0.15%, S0.006%, P0.007%, si 0.19%, fe and the filling rate of the powder core wire is 20% -25%. The second technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the preparation method of the powder core wire for the ultra-high strength and toughness gearbox valve body specifically comprises the following steps: The method comprises the following steps of 1, respectively weighing the following flux-cored powders, by mass, 0.5% of carbon powder, 10% -15% of manganese powder, 10% -15% of chromium powder, 15% -20% of nickel powder, 1% of titanium powder, 1% of silicon powder, 2% of molybdenum powder, 2% of copper powder, 1.5% -2% of CeO 2 powder, and the balance of iron powder, wherein the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%; And 2, alloying all the weighed powder by adopting a planetary ball mill, wherein the rotation speed of the ball mill is 300r/min-350r/min, the ball milling time is 4h-5h, a metal flux-cored wire drawing machine is adopted to prepare a flux-cored wire, the diameter of the flux-cored wire is reduced once every 0.2mm until the diameter is 1.6mm, the sheath is a low-carbon steel strip, the specific components are C0.021%, mn 0.15%, S0.006%, P0.007%, si 0.19%, fe and the balance, and the filling rate of the powder core wire is 20-25 wt%. The third technical scheme adopted by the