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CN-117660866-B - Metal surface plasma detonation treatment device

CN117660866BCN 117660866 BCN117660866 BCN 117660866BCN-117660866-B

Abstract

The invention discloses a metal part plasma detonation treatment device which comprises a capacitance induction power supply, a reaction chamber, an explosion gun, a nozzle and an alloy element, wherein the capacitance induction power supply comprises an annular cathode electrode, an annular anode electrode and a central electrode, the central electrode is fixedly connected with the anode electrode, the reaction chamber is an annular cavity surrounding the anode electrode, the reaction chamber separates the cathode electrode from the anode electrode, the explosion gun is communicated with the explosion gun annular cavity and is used for introducing combustible gas and periodically detonating, and the nozzle is communicated with the annular cavity and is used for introducing the alloy element.

Inventors

  • LIAO FANGFANG
  • Klisnichenko Oleg
  • Turyin Yuri
  • ZHAO JUNJUN
  • GUO RUI VLADIMIR
  • DAI FENGXIAN
  • PERESHENKO SVIATOSLAV
  • Strogonov Demetro
  • Mudrychenko Vladislav

Assignees

  • 浙江巴顿焊接技术研究院
  • 浙江巴顿焊接技术有限公司
  • 乌克兰国家科学院巴顿焊接研究所
  • 中国-乌克兰巴顿焊接研究院对外经济代表处

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20231226

Claims (11)

  1. 1. The plasma detonation treatment device for the metal parts is characterized by comprising the following components: The capacitive induction power supply is respectively connected with the cathode electrode (14) and the central electrode (1) through a first current lead (26) and a second current lead (27), and the central electrode is fixedly connected with the anode electrode (13); A reaction chamber comprising an annular chamber (19) surrounding the anode electrode (13) and a conical chamber (15) consisting of a cavity between the anode electrode (13) and the cathode electrode (14), separating the cathode electrode (14) from the anode electrode (13), an explosion gun (5), the explosion gun (5) being in communication with the explosion gun annular chamber (22) for introducing a combustible gas and performing a periodic detonation; a nozzle (11), the nozzle (11) being connected to the annular chamber (19) for introducing one or more elements of group III, IV, V, VI of the periodic table of elements and/or a compound thereof into the annular chamber (19); The consumption electrode (2) is fixed on the axes of the central electrode (1) and the anode electrode (13) and penetrates through the anode electrode (13) to provide alloy elements, and a cooling cavity is arranged between the consumption electrode (2) and the anode electrode (13) and separates the consumption electrode (2) from the anode electrode (13); In an annular distributor (20) tangentially connected to a lower annular chamber of the explosion gun, 10-15 holes are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the annular distributor (20), a corner reflector (12) arranged on each hole is communicated into an annular chamber (19), explosion combustion products are uniformly supplied to the annular chamber (19), and one or more elements of III, IV, V, VI groups of the periodic table of elements and/or compounds thereof are uniformly introduced into the reaction chamber.
  2. 2. The metal part plasma detonation treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the explosion gun (5) is provided with a combustible gas inlet (6), an oxygen inlet (7) and an electric spark plug (8), wherein the electric spark plug (8) is connected with an auxiliary pipe (10) through an angle concentrator (9), and the combustible gas mixture is periodically discharged and detonated.
  3. 3. The metal part plasma detonation treatment device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the angle concentrator (9) on the explosion gun (5) is connected with the explosion gun annular chamber (22) through an auxiliary pipe (10).
  4. 4. The metal part plasma detonation treatment device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The explosion gun annular chamber (22) is divided into an upper annular chamber and a lower annular chamber which are identical, the upper annular chamber and the lower annular chamber are connected through a smooth joint (21), and the tail end of the upper annular chamber and the front end of the lower annular chamber of the explosion gun are tangentially input into the auxiliary pipe (10).
  5. 5. The metal part plasma detonation treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the total cross-sectional area of the corner reflectors (12) is less than the total cross-sectional area of the detonation gun annular chamber.
  6. 6. The metal part plasma detonation treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The explosion gun annular chamber (22), the annular chamber (19), the anode electrode (13) and the central electrode (1) are coaxially arranged.
  7. 7. The metal part plasma detonation treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: a first annular insulator (23) and a second annular insulator (25) are further arranged between the cathode electrode (14) and the anode electrode (13), and an annular joint (24) is assembled between the first annular insulator (23) and the second annular insulator (25).
  8. 8. The metal part plasma detonation treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling cavity is composed of a cavity between the consumable electrode (2) and the inner wall (16) of the anode, and cooling air flow entering the cooling cavity from the cooling air inlet (3) is concentrated to the electrode tail end (17) along the inner wall (16) of the anode and is used for cooling the consumable electrode (2).
  9. 9. The metal part plasma detonation treatment device of claim 8, wherein: a cathode outlet end (18) is formed at the bottom of the cathode electrode (14), and a plasma jet (30) for impacting the surface of the workpiece (28) is formed between the cathode outlet end (18) and the electrode tip (17).
  10. 10. The metal part plasma detonation treatment device of claim 1 or 8, characterized in that: The electrode tip (17) of the consumable electrode (2) can be compensated for by an axial displacement when consumed, which is cooled by an air flow.
  11. 11. The metal part plasma detonation treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the alloying elements are placed on the inner surface of the reaction chamber in the form of a renewable coating and can be prepared again by a thermal spraying method after consumption.

Description

Metal surface plasma detonation treatment device Technical Field The invention belongs to the field of material processing, and particularly relates to a metal surface plasma detonation treatment device. Background A high-pressure plasma apparatus (RU PATENT 2 529 056 C2,IPC H05H 1/26 (2006.01)) is known, which has a publication time of 2014, 09, 27, and publication No. 27. The high voltage plasma device consists of a high voltage power supply, a plasma generator, a conical nozzle, a circular ignition and output electrode, a central insulating washer with a hole parallel to the axis and an insulating washer with a hole inclined to the axis of the device. In addition, a fan is provided for supplying air axially. The invention is a plasma technology, and various gases can be used for heating and treating the surface of a metal component. The technical result is that the efficiency of the device is improved and the service life of the working electrode is prolonged. The high-voltage power source forming the high-frequency alternating voltage in the continuous mode is connected to the conical nozzle and the circular electrode, two of which are used for ignition and output, respectively. The two circular electrodes are mounted coaxially in the circular insulator (i.e. in the body of the device) through a central insulating gasket, the hole of which is parallel to the main axis of the device for the passage of air. The high voltage plasma device operates by turning on a high voltage power supply, triggering a high voltage discharge from the end of the ignition electrode to the bottom of the conical nozzle, and generating an arc in the narrow gap between them. The fan is turned on and blown through the inclined holes of the insulating gasket and the air flow is rotated around the conical nozzle. The translational-rotational movement of the gas flow brings the arc to the edge of the conical nozzle, and the gas flow then blows the arc in the form of a plasma through the inner bore of the nozzle. The holes in the insulating gasket provide additional air flow for cooling the structural elements of the plasma device and assist in stabilizing the plasma jet shape. The main drawback of the known device is the low power of the plasma jet, which is limited by the structure of the plasma device, the electrode surface of which increases ablation with increasing current. The plasma device cannot be used for rapidly heating the surface layer of a workpiece in the serialization of metal parts and mass production. An apparatus for plasma hardening steel and cast iron parts in automatic and manual mode using double arc plasma is known, RU Patent 95,665U1,IPC C21D1/09 (2006.01). Publication date: 10 th 2010, 07 th month, publication No.19. The plasma hardening apparatus is composed of a working gas supply system, an insulator, and a cathode assembly. The plasma accelerator has a nozzle that uses a ferromagnetic jaw scanning device that is structurally integrated into the compact plasma accelerator. There are also means for securing, rotating and adjusting the plasma accelerator during operation, and cooling systems for the nozzle and ferromagnetic jaw nozzle. The plasma accelerator is internally provided with an arc scanning device which comprises a generator, an electromagnetic coil, a ferromagnetic sponge, a built-in oscillator and a control panel of a measuring instrument. The induction coil is provided with an indicator of alternating voltage potential and a regulator of direct voltage. The burning arc acts directly and indirectly on the surface of the workpiece to harden by moving a double arc plasma accelerator over the surface of the metal workpiece. In the plasma accelerator, each arc is powered by a separate rectifier, and the electrical power of each arc is individually adjustable. A disadvantage of the known device is that the plasma jet has a low power, a slow speed and a low kinetic energy. The technical parameters of the plasma jet formed are insufficient to form a sufficiently thick (up to 50 μm) nanocrystalline layer on the workpiece surface. A method and apparatus for plasma explosion processing of metal products are known. European patent application No. 91907287.6INT.cl.5:C23C 4/00, B05B7/20 publication No. 0531527A1. According to the invention, the pulsed plasma generator has 2 combustion chambers, a reaction chamber and a detonation chamber, filled with a combustible gas mixture and a powder material of a metal of group III, IV, V, VI of the periodic table of elements. A spark plug is secured in the explosive combustion chamber and periodically detonates the combustible mixture at the gas mixture. In the reaction chamber, the detonation combustion mode is performed in an electromagnetic field, which is generated by the conversion of the electric current by the combustion products. The invention processes metal surfaces by high energy jets of combustion products, powder materials. At the same time, powder mater