CN-117705573-B - Full life cycle evolution device and method for broken surrounding rock

CN117705573BCN 117705573 BCN117705573 BCN 117705573BCN-117705573-B

Abstract

The invention discloses a full life cycle evolution device and method for broken surrounding rocks, wherein the full life cycle evolution device for the broken surrounding rocks comprises a support, a test bed, first flexible ropes, similar models and a pressurizing assembly, the test bed is in a hollow sphere shape, the test bed comprises a top cover, a bottom cover and a plurality of rings of bearing plates, the top cover is connected above the support, the bottom cover is connected below the support, the rings of bearing plates are sequentially distributed along the warp direction of the test bed, the first flexible ropes are in a plurality of, the first flexible ropes are in one-to-one correspondence with the rings of bearing plates, the first flexible ropes are connected end to end and are propped against the corresponding plurality of bearing plates, the similar models are positioned in the test bed and are propped against the plurality of bearing plates, and the pressurizing assembly is rotatably connected to the support. According to the invention, the hollow spherical test bed is used, so that the pressurizing assembly can pressurize the test bed at multiple angles, and the pressure condition of the surrounding rock is more close to the stress characteristics, deformation trend and stability characteristics of the surrounding rock truly, comprehensively and intuitively.

Inventors

HOU BIAO
YANG HONGZHI
JU WENJUN
ZHANG ZHEN
JIAO JIANKANG
PAN KUN

Assignees

中煤科工开采研究院有限公司
煤炭科学研究总院

Dates

Publication Date: 20260505
Application Date: 20231201

Claims (7)

1. A broken country rock full life cycle evolution device, characterized by comprising: A bracket; The test bed is in a hollow sphere shape and comprises a top cover, a bottom cover and bearing plates, wherein the top cover is connected to the support and is positioned above the bearing plates, the bottom cover is connected to the support and is positioned below the support, the bearing plates are provided with a plurality of circles, the bearing plates are sequentially distributed along the warp direction of the test bed, each circle of bearing plates comprises a plurality of bearing plates sequentially distributed along the weft direction of the test bed, the top cover, the bottom cover and the plurality of bearing plates form the hollow sphere-shaped test bed, and at least part of the bearing plates are transparent plates; The flexible ropes are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of rings of bearing plates, are connected end to end, and are abutted against the corresponding plurality of bearing plates; the similar model is positioned in the test bed and is propped against the plurality of bearing plates; the pressurizing assembly is connected to the bracket and can rotate on the bracket by taking the diameter of the test bed as a rotation center; the test bed comprises a plurality of second flexible ropes, wherein the second flexible ropes are distributed at intervals along the weft direction of the test bed, the upper ends of the second flexible ropes are detachably connected with the top cover, the lower ends of the second flexible ropes are detachably connected with the bottom cover, and the second flexible ropes are propped against a plurality of bearing plates positioned on the same warp; The test bed further comprises a plurality of connecting pieces, the connecting pieces correspond to the bearing plates one by one, the connecting pieces are connected to the corresponding bearing plates, a first through groove and a second through groove are formed in the connecting pieces, the first through groove penetrates through the connecting pieces along the weft direction of the test bed, and the second through groove penetrates through the connecting pieces along the warp direction of the test bed; The first flexible rope penetrates through the corresponding first through groove, and the second flexible rope penetrates through the corresponding second through groove; The pressurizing assembly includes: The first cantilever beam is connected to the bracket and is positioned above the test bed, and the first cantilever beam can rotate on the bracket along the weft direction of the test bed; the second cantilever beam is connected to the bracket and positioned below the test bed, and the second cantilever beam can rotate on the bracket along the weft direction of the test bed; The upper end of the arc-shaped frame is detachably connected with the first cantilever beam, and the lower end of the arc-shaped frame is detachably connected with the second cantilever beam; The pressurizing oil cylinder is detachably connected to the arc-shaped frame and located between the arc-shaped frame and the test bed, and the pressurizing oil cylinder is movable along the length direction of the arc-shaped frame.
2. The broken-down surrounding-rock full life-cycle evolution device according to claim 1, wherein the connecting piece comprises a first piece and a second piece, the first piece is fixedly connected to the corresponding bearing plate, and the second piece is detachably connected to the first piece.
3. The broken surrounding rock full life cycle evolution device according to claim 1, further comprising a plurality of belt buckles, wherein a plurality of the belt buckles are in one-to-one correspondence with a plurality of the first flexible ropes, and the belt buckles are connected to one ends of the corresponding first flexible ropes.
4. The broken-up surrounding rock full life cycle evolution device according to claim 1, wherein the number of the pressurizing assemblies is plural, and the pressurizing assemblies are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the support frame.
5. A method for full life cycle evolution of broken surrounding rock, comprising the steps of: Providing a broken surrounding rock full life cycle evolution device according to any one of claims 1-4, determining a similarity ratio of the similar model according to the size of the test bed, calculating and determining a corresponding thickness and strength ratio of the surrounding rock layer, paving according to a calculation result, and burying an internal displacement monitoring optical fiber and a stress sensor at a set position to finish paving of the similar model; after the similar model is sufficiently dried, spraying white paint on the transparent bearing plate to serve as a reference; erecting a video monitoring device and enabling the video monitoring device to be aligned to the transparent bearing plate; Respectively calculating loading directions and stress loading levels according to the embedded depth of the similar model and the ground stress data actually measured on site, moving the pressurizing assembly to the corresponding position, and slowly and hierarchically loading the pressurizing assembly to a calculated value until the pressure is stabilized at the calculated value; the similar model is allowed to stand for at least 24 hours to observe the life cycle evolution of the similar model and to collect stress, strain, image data.
6. The method of full life cycle evolution of crushed surrounding rock of claim 5, wherein the step of laying the similar model comprises: connecting the bottom cover to a bracket, erecting a first ring of bearing plates above the bottom cover, enabling the lower end of the first ring of bearing plates to be in contact with the upper end of the bottom cover, paving model materials, the internal displacement monitoring optical fibers and the stress sensor in the first ring of bearing plates until the model materials are level with the upper end of the first ring of bearing plates; Erecting a second ring of bearing plates above the first ring of bearing plates, enabling the lower end of the second ring of bearing plates to be in contact with the upper end of the first ring of bearing plates, paving model materials, the internal displacement monitoring optical fibers and the stress sensors in the second ring of bearing plates until the model materials are level with the upper end of the second ring of bearing plates; repeatedly erecting the bearing plate and paving a model material, the internal displacement monitoring optical fiber and the stress sensor until the erection of the last circle of bearing plate and the paving of the model material are completed; inverting the top cover, and paving a model material, the internal displacement monitoring optical fiber and the stress sensor in the top cover until the model material is level with the upper end of the top cover; And connecting a baffle on the top cover, using a lifting tool to vertically position the top cover, using the lifting tool to move the top cover to be close to the last circle of bearing plates and to be positioned right above the last circle of bearing plates, removing the baffle and using the lifting tool to move the top cover until the lower end of the top cover is in contact with the upper end of the last circle of bearing plates, so as to finish the laying of the similar model.
7. The method of full life cycle evolution of broken surrounding rock according to claim 5 or 6, wherein when laying the similar model, hollow tubes are pre-buried in the similar model to simulate a roadway.

Description

Full life cycle evolution device and method for broken surrounding rock Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of rock mechanics test devices, and particularly relates to a full life cycle evolution device and method for broken surrounding rock. Background Because fault zone rock mass is broken, self-bearing capacity is low, disasters such as collapse, support member breakage and the like are easy to occur, and the influence on tunnel safety construction is extremely large, so that the method has very important significance in researching life cycle evolution of broken surrounding rock. The similar simulation device in the prior art is used for pressurizing the periphery of the model, and can not truly, comprehensively and intuitively reflect the stress characteristics, deformation trend and stability characteristics of surrounding rock. Disclosure of Invention The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent. Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides a full life cycle evolution device for broken surrounding rocks, which is convenient for a pressurizing assembly to pressurize the test bed at a plurality of angles by using a hollow spherical test bed, and reflects the stress characteristics, deformation trend and stability characteristics of the surrounding rocks more truly, comprehensively and intuitively. The embodiment of the second aspect of the invention also provides a full life cycle evolution method of the broken surrounding rock. The full life cycle evolution device of the broken surrounding rock comprises a support, a test bed, a first flexible rope, similar models and a pressurizing assembly, wherein the test bed is hollow and spherical, the test bed comprises a top cover, a bottom cover and a plurality of bearing plates, the top cover is connected to the support and is located above the bearing plates, the bottom cover is connected to the support and is located below the support, the bearing plates are provided with a plurality of rings, the bearing plates are sequentially distributed along the warp direction of the test bed, each ring of bearing plates comprises a plurality of bearing plates sequentially distributed along the weft direction of the test bed, at least part of the bearing plates are transparent plates, the first flexible ropes are in one-to-one correspondence with the bearing plates, the first flexible ropes are in head-to-tail connection with the corresponding bearing plates, the similar models are located in the test bed, the bearing plates are sequentially distributed along the warp direction of the test bed, the top cover, the bottom cover and the bearing plates are in a plurality of transparent plates, the bearing plates are in a rotary mode, and the diameter of the bearing plates can be in a rotary mode, and the rotary compression assembly can be similar to the center of the test bed. According to the full life cycle evolution device for the broken surrounding rock, disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, the hollow spherical test bed is used, so that the pressurizing assembly can conveniently pressurize the test bed at multiple angles, and at least part of the pressure bearing plates are arranged as transparent plates, so that the stress conditions of the surrounding rock are more close to the stress characteristics, the deformation trend and the stability characteristics of the surrounding rock in a real, comprehensive and visual manner. In some embodiments, the broken surrounding rock full life cycle evolution device further comprises a plurality of second flexible ropes, the second flexible ropes are distributed at intervals along the weft direction of the test bed, the upper ends of the second flexible ropes are detachably connected with the top cover, the lower ends of the second flexible ropes are detachably connected with the bottom cover, and the second flexible ropes are propped against the plurality of bearing plates located on the same warp. In some embodiments, the test stand further comprises a plurality of connecting pieces, the connecting pieces are in one-to-one correspondence with the bearing plates, the connecting pieces are connected to the corresponding bearing plates, a first through groove and a second through groove are formed in the connecting pieces, the first through groove penetrates through the connecting pieces along the weft direction of the test stand, the second through groove penetrates through the connecting pieces along the warp direction of the test stand, the first flexible rope penetrates through the corresponding first through grooves, and the second flexible rope penetrates through the corresponding second through grooves. In some embodiments, the connecting member comprises a first member fixedly connected to the corresponding bearing plate and a second member detachably connected to the first member. In some embodiments, the broken surro