CN-117717741-B - Diversified intelligent sensing high-rise building fire detection and fire extinguishing system based on machine vision

CN117717741BCN 117717741 BCN117717741 BCN 117717741BCN-117717741-B

Abstract

The invention relates to a machine vision-based multi-azimuth intelligent sensing fire detection and extinguishing system for a high-rise building, which comprises a monitoring system, a data storage system, a communication network, a data analysis and feedback system, a remote control system, a fire extinguishing system and an alarm system, wherein the data analysis and feedback system is respectively connected with the monitoring system, the data storage system, the remote control system and the alarm system through the communication network, and meanwhile, the remote control system is also respectively and electrically connected with the monitoring system, the data storage system, the communication network, the data analysis and feedback system, the fire extinguishing system and the alarm system. The fire extinguishing method comprises three steps of system configuration, fire monitoring and fire rescue. The invention can accurately monitor and identify the hidden danger of fire, the fire source and the distribution range of the fire scene on one hand, and can accurately obtain the material rescue scheme, the fire escape route and the fire extinguishing scheme of fire scene personnel by synchronously collecting the data of the fire scene on the other hand.

Inventors

Pan Ronggun
WANG CHENSHENG
YU JIAYI
Hu Daimin
CHAO JIANGKUN
WANG JIAN
JIA HAILIN

Assignees

河南理工大学

Dates

Publication Date: 20260508
Application Date: 20231031

Claims (6)

1. The machine vision-based multi-azimuth intelligent sensing high-rise building fire detection and fire extinguishing system is characterized by comprising a monitoring system, a data storage system, a communication network, a data analysis and feedback system, a remote control system, a fire extinguishing system and an alarm system, wherein the data analysis and feedback system is respectively connected with the monitoring system, the data storage system, the remote control system and the alarm system through the communication network, and is electrically connected with the monitoring system, the data storage system, the communication network, the data analysis and feedback system, the fire extinguishing system and the alarm system, and the monitoring system, the fire extinguishing system and the alarm system are respectively and uniformly distributed in a building to be monitored, at least one fire extinguishing system and at least one alarm system are respectively arranged at each monitoring system, the fire extinguishing system and the monitoring system are respectively positioned at a position of at least 1 meter above a ground plane, and the axes of the monitoring system and the monitoring system form an included angle of 45-90 degrees with the horizontal plane; The monitoring system comprises an optical image detection module, a sound detection module, a smoke detection module, a closed space pressure monitoring module, a temperature and humidity sensor, a protective cover, a bracket, a built-in standby power supply, a wiring terminal, a wireless communication circuit and a control circuit, wherein the protective cover is of a closed cavity structure and is connected with a building through the bracket, the closed space pressure monitoring module is positioned in the protective cover and is distributed in parallel with the axis of the protective cover, the optical image detection modules are embedded in the upper end face of the protective cover and are distributed coaxially with the protective cover, at least two of the sound detection modules are embedded in the protective cover and are positioned below the optical image detection modules, the sound detection modules are uniformly distributed around the axis of the protective cover, a plurality of holes are formed in the side wall of the protective cover corresponding to the sound detection modules, the smoke detection modules are positioned outside the protective cover, the temperature and humidity sensor is connected with the outer side face of the protective cover, at least two temperature and humidity sensors are arranged on the outer side face of the protective cover, at least one temperature and humidity sensor is arranged on the outer side face of the pressure monitoring module of the enclosed space, the built-in standby power supply, the wireless communication circuit and the control circuit are all arranged in the protective cover and connected with the bottom of the protective cover, at least one wiring terminal is embedded in the lower end face of the protective cover, the control circuit is respectively and electrically connected with the optical image detection module, the sound detection module, the smoke detection module, the pressure monitoring module of the enclosed space, the temperature and humidity sensor, the built-in standby power supply, the wiring terminal and the wireless communication circuit, and meanwhile, the wiring terminal is connected with the data analysis and feedback system and the remote control system through wires, and meanwhile, the wiring terminal is connected with the data analysis and feedback system through the wireless communication circuit, establishing data connection between remote control systems; The closed space pressure monitoring module comprises a heat exchange fin plate, a monitoring cavity, heat exchange tubes, a flow guide tube, a drainage fan, an air pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and a control valve, wherein the monitoring cavity is of a cavity structure, the monitoring cavity is coated outside at least one heat exchange tube, two ends of the heat exchange tube are respectively positioned outside the monitoring cavity, meanwhile, the axes of the heat exchange tubes are parallel to the axes of the monitoring cavity, the lower end face of the heat exchange tube is positioned outside the lower end face of a protective cover, the upper end face is positioned outside the upper end face of the protective cover, the lower end face of the heat exchange tube is provided with the drainage fan coaxially distributed with the lower end face of the heat exchange tube, the plurality of heat exchange fin plates are of grid plate structures with rectangular cross sections, the plurality of heat exchange fin plates are positioned in the monitoring cavity and are respectively connected with the inner side face of the monitoring cavity and the outer side face of the heat exchange tube, the other part of the heat exchange fin plates are positioned outside the monitoring cavity and are respectively connected with the outer side face of the monitoring cavity and the inner side face of the protective cover, the inner diameter of the monitoring cavity is at least 3 times of the outer diameter of the heat exchange tube, meanwhile, the air pressure sensor and the temperature sensor are arranged in the monitoring cavity, the top position of the monitoring cavity is arranged, the air pressure sensor is coaxially distributed at the lower end face of the heat exchange tube, the heat exchange tube is connected with the air guide fan, the air pressure sensor is communicated with the air pressure sensor and the air pressure sensor, the air pressure sensor is communicated with the control circuit and the air pressure sensor is communicated with the air pressure control valve.
2. The machine vision-based multi-azimuth intelligent sensing fire detection and fire extinguishing system for high-rise buildings is characterized in that the light image detection module comprises a holder, a semiconductor light detector and a high-speed camera, wherein the lower end face of the holder is embedded in the upper end face of a protective cover, the upper end face of the holder is positioned outside the protective cover, meanwhile, the upper end face of the holder is simultaneously connected with the semiconductor light detector and the high-speed camera, the semiconductor light detector and the high-speed camera are symmetrically distributed on two sides of an axis of the holder, the semiconductor light detector and the high-speed camera are hinged with the protective cover through the holder, the optical axes of the semiconductor light detector and the high-speed camera form an included angle of 0-180 degrees with the axis of the protective cover, and the holder, the semiconductor light detector and the high-speed camera are electrically connected with a control circuit.
3. The multi-azimuth intelligent sensing fire detection and extinguishing system for high-rise buildings based on machine vision according to claim 1, wherein the control circuit is a circuit system based on an FPGA chip, and is additionally provided with a data communication bus and a signal processing circuit, wherein the signal processing circuit is electrically connected with the control circuit through the data communication bus.
4. The machine vision-based multi-azimuth intelligent sensing high-rise building fire detection and extinguishing system according to claim 1, wherein: the fire extinguishing system comprises a reinforcing net, fire-fighting spiral spray heads, fire-fighting water pipes, a flow guiding branch pipe, an air duct, a carbon dioxide air storage tank, a fireproof rolling shutter door, a storage tank, a control valve and a multi-way valve, wherein at least one fire-fighting water pipe is connected with a building through a connecting mechanism, a layer of reinforcing net which is covered outside each fire-fighting water pipe is additionally arranged outside each fire-fighting water pipe, each fire-fighting water pipe is respectively communicated with a plurality of fire-fighting spiral spray heads through the flow guiding branch pipe, one end of the flow guiding branch pipe is respectively communicated with the fire-fighting water pipe through the control valve, the other end of the flow guiding branch pipe is respectively communicated with one fire-fighting spiral spray head and one air duct through a three-way valve, the air duct is additionally communicated with the carbon dioxide air storage tank through the control valve, and the carbon dioxide air storage tank is connected with the building through the connecting mechanism, the fireproof rolling door and the containing groove are respectively connected with the building, wherein the containing groove is simultaneously connected with the ground plane and the wall of the building, the containing groove comprises a bearing base, a bearing wall, connecting sliding rails, a bracket and a pressure sensor, wherein the bearing base is connected with the ground plane and is distributed in parallel with the ground plane, the upper end face of the bearing base is connected with the bearing wall and forms an L-shaped structure, the rear end face of the bearing wall is connected with the building wall and is distributed in parallel, the front end face of the bearing wall is provided with at least two connecting sliding rails which are vertically distributed with the upper end face of the bearing base, the connecting sliding rails are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the axis of the bearing wall, the bracket is of a groove-shaped structure with any one of U-shaped and L-shaped cross sections, the utility model discloses a fire prevention rolling shutter door, including support base, fire prevention rolling shutter door, control valve, multiway valve and pressure sensor, the support base up end parallel distribution, and the rear end face passes through sliding connection between connection slide rail and the load-bearing wall, and at least two of support simultaneously, each support is along the perpendicular distribution direction distribution of load-bearing base up end, establish at least one storing chamber in addition in the load-bearing base, at least one pressure sensor is all established to support base tank bottom and storing chamber's bottom position, fire prevention rolling shutter door, control valve, multiway valve and pressure sensor all are connected with remote control system electricity.
5. The machine vision-based multi-azimuth intelligent sensing fire detection and extinguishing system for high-rise buildings is characterized in that a data storage system adopts a network-based data storage mode, a Storage Area Network (SAN) is adopted, a high-end RAID array is adopted, the communication network comprises any one or two of a wireless communication network and a wired communication network, the remote control system is any one or more of a PC (personal computer), an industrial computer and a mobile communication terminal, the data analysis and feedback system is a network server based on any one or more of a big data platform, a cloud computing platform and an artificial neural network platform, the alarm system comprises a loudspeaker, a signal indicator lamp, a buzzer and a guideboard, and meanwhile the alarm system is additionally provided with a 1:1 signal isolator.
6. The method for detecting and extinguishing the fire disaster of the high-rise building based on the machine vision multi-azimuth intelligent sensing system according to claim 1, wherein the method for detecting and extinguishing the fire disaster of the high-rise building based on the machine vision multi-azimuth intelligent sensing system comprises the following steps: s1, system configuration, namely firstly acquiring a building structure drawing, and then setting each monitoring system, each fire extinguishing system and each alarm system in the building according to the building structure drawing, so that each key fire monitoring node of the building is effectively covered by the fire extinguishing systems and each fire extinguishing system is communicated with a fire extinguishing pipeline system of the building; S2, fire monitoring, namely continuously and stably driving a monitoring system, a data storage system and a data analysis and feedback system to operate by a remote control system in normal operation and use of a building, continuously monitoring the environment in the building by the monitoring system in the operation process, continuously transmitting monitoring data to the data analysis and feedback system through a communication network, carrying out data analysis by the data analysis and feedback system on one hand, judging the operation state of the building, carrying out whole-course monitoring on fire hazards and fire occurrence processes in the building on the other hand, and evaluating the optimal escape route and fire rescue scheme; S3, fire rescue is carried out, when the occurrence of a fire is monitored, a fire extinguishing system is firstly started directly to conduct fire extinguishing operation, then an analysis and feedback system is used for obtaining a fire rescue path and a rescue scheme on one hand and a fire scene control and fire extinguishing operation scheme on the other hand according to the fire scene environment data and the distribution positions in the building monitored by the monitoring systems, and finally overall rescue of the building is carried out according to the set scheme.

Description

Diversified intelligent sensing high-rise building fire detection and fire extinguishing system based on machine vision Technical Field The invention relates to a machine vision-based multidirectional intelligent induction fire detection and extinguishing system for a high-rise building and a use method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of fire protection. Background The fire detector is a device capable of monitoring data abnormality to judge whether fire occurs or not, and has the functions of detecting fire and alarming fire. The fire detectors in the market are of various types, but the traditional fire detectors can only give an alarm when a fire occurs, and the control center informs the staff after receiving the alarm, so that the staff reaches the scene again and takes too long, thereby realizing the best fire rescue and the best fire rescue time in the urban area; in addition, the traditional fire alarm device can only play a role in simple alarm operation when in operation, and lacks necessary cooperative operation capability with a fire protection system, so that when a fire disaster happens, a fire protection system equipped in a building cannot carry out accurate fire protection operation according to the fire condition, for example, the fire protection system of the building always adopts direct spraying fire protection water to extinguish the fire regardless of the fire source caused by the current factors, but the mode has great limitation, and even when the fire protection water is directly sprayed in medium fires such as fire disaster and fuel oil, the fire protection system not only plays a role in fire rescue, but also causes further increase of fire hazard. Therefore, in view of the current situation, there is an urgent need to develop a new fire-fighting and rescue system to meet the needs of practical use. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention provides a multi-azimuth intelligent sensing high-rise building fire detection and fire extinguishing system and method based on machine vision, so as to overcome the defects and meet the requirements of actual equipment operation. In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is realized by the following technical scheme: The utility model provides a fire detection of high-rise building and fire extinguishing system based on diversified intelligent response of machine vision, including monitoring system, data storage system, the communication network, data analysis and feedback system, remote control system, fire extinguishing system, alarm system, data analysis and feedback system establish data connection respectively with monitoring system through the communication network, data storage system, remote control system, alarm system, remote control system is in addition respectively with monitoring system at the same time, data storage system, the electric connection between communication network, data analysis and feedback system, fire extinguishing system, alarm system, monitoring system, fire extinguishing system, alarm system all are a plurality of, each monitoring system, fire extinguishing system, alarm system equipartition respectively in the building that waits to monitor, at least one fire extinguishing system and at least one alarm system all are established to every monitoring system department simultaneously, fire extinguishing system and monitoring system all are located at least 1 meter department above the ground level, and fire extinguishing system and monitoring system axis are 45 ~ 90 contained angle with the horizontal plane. Further, the monitoring system include light image detection module, sound detection module, flue gas detection module, enclosure space pressure monitoring module, temperature and humidity sensor, protection casing, support, built-in stand-by power supply, binding post, wireless communication circuit and control circuit, wherein the protection casing is closed cavity structure, is connected with the building through the support, enclosure space pressure monitoring module is located the protection casing to with protection casing axis parallel distribution, light image detection module inlay in the protection casing up end and with protection casing coaxial distribution, sound detection module is at least two, inlay in the protection casing and be located light image detection module below position, and each sound detection module surrounds protection casing axis equipartition, and the protection casing lateral wall that sound detection module corresponds sets up a plurality of sound transmission holes, the flue gas detection module is located the protection casing outside to be connected with the protection casing lateral surface, temperature and humidity sensor is at least two, wherein protection casing lateral surface sets up at least one temperature and humidity sensor, enclosure space pressure monitoring module lateral surface i