CN-117732519-B - Microfluidic chip and detection system

Abstract

The microfluidic chip comprises a sample storage cavity for storing a sample to be dispersed, a continuous phase storage cavity for storing a continuous phase, a droplet generation array for generating two-phase micro droplets from the sample to be dispersed and the continuous phase, and a droplet tiling cavity for tiling the generated two-phase micro droplets. Through the integrated integral structure that becomes the integral type with sample storage chamber, continuous phase storage chamber, liquid drop generation array and liquid drop tiling chamber, the confined space can effectively reduce the liquid drop and shift to liquid drop tiling chamber in-process and appear liquid drop breakage and reagent pollution's risk. The detection system comprises a centrifugal driving rotating shaft, a centrifugal carrying disc, a plurality of detection units fixed on the centrifugal carrying disc and a microfluidic chip fixed on each detection unit. The detection unit integrates the temperature control module, the excitation light module and the optical detection module, can complete the flow from the generation of liquid drops to the detection, reduces the construction cost of the whole detection system and realizes the miniaturization of equipment.

Inventors

• YANG HAIBO
• DAI CHONGCHONG
• TAN HAOTIAN
• ZHANG QINGYANG

Assignees

• 深圳栅极芯致生物科技有限公司

Dates

Publication Date

20260505

Application Date

20231219

Claims (9)

1. 1. A microfluidic chip, comprising: The sample storage cavity is used for storing samples to be dispersed; A continuous phase storage chamber connected to the sample storage chamber, the continuous phase storage chamber for storing a continuous phase; The liquid drop generating array is communicated with the sample storage cavity, is arranged in the continuous phase storage cavity and is used for generating two-phase micro liquid drops from the sample to be dispersed and the continuous phase; The liquid drop tiling cavity is communicated with the continuous phase storage cavity and is used for tiling the generated two-phase micro liquid drops; the communication angle alpha between the continuous phase storage cavity and the liquid drop tiling cavity is 30-60 degrees.
2. 2. The microfluidic chip of claim 1, wherein said sample storage chamber is removably connected to said continuous phase storage chamber.
3. 3. The microfluidic chip of claim 2, wherein the sample storage cavity comprises a first clamping part and the continuous phase storage cavity comprises a second clamping part matched with the first clamping part, and the first clamping part is connected with the second clamping part in a matching way.
4. 4. The microfluidic chip of claim 1, wherein the sample storage chamber further comprises a handle.
5. 5. The microfluidic chip of claim 1, wherein the drop generating array comprises a drop generating array top sheet having a through-hole therein, the through-hole having opposite first and second ends, the first end of the through-hole being in communication with the sample storage cavity, a drop generating array bottom sheet connected to the drop generating array top sheet, the drop generating array bottom sheet comprising a sample inlet, a plurality of array ports in communication with the sample inlet, and a drop outlet in communication with each of the array ports, the second end of the through-hole being in communication with the sample inlet.
6. 6. The microfluidic chip of claim 1, wherein the drop-laying chamber comprises a drop-laying chamber upper shell and a drop-laying chamber lower shell connected with the drop-laying chamber upper shell, wherein the drop-laying chamber upper shell and the drop-laying chamber lower shell form a drop-laying chamber after being connected.
7. 7. The microfluidic chip of claim 6, wherein the height of the droplet tiling chamber is 1.1-1.3 times the particle size of the two-phase micro-droplets.
8. 8. A detection system, comprising: centrifugally driving a rotating shaft; a centrifugal carrying disc fixedly connected with the centrifugal driving rotating shaft; a plurality of detection units fixed on the centrifugal carrying tray; The microfluidic chip according to any one of claims 1 to 7 fixed on each of the detection units; wherein the detection unit includes: the excitation light module is used for providing excitation light required by the luminescent substance; the optical detection module is used for converting an optical signal emitted after the luminescent substance is excited into an electric signal; and the temperature control module is used for controlling the temperature of the two-phase micro-droplets in the biochemical reaction process.
9. 9. The detection system of claim 8, wherein the detection unit further comprises a detection base, a detection upper cover connected with the detection base, a detection containing cavity is formed after the detection upper cover is connected with the detection base, the optical detection module and the temperature control module are arranged in the detection containing cavity, and the excitation light module is fixed on the detection upper cover.

Description

Microfluidic chip and detection system Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of microfluidics, in particular to a microfluidic chip and a detection system. Background In the field of droplet microfluidics, the step emulsion chip technology has incomparable superiority in terms of high-flux expansion and high-rate generation compared with chip technologies such as focusing, co-current and the like. The step emulsification technology can be differentiated into different technical genres, wherein the centrifugal step emulsification chip technology replaces the conventional injection pump and pressure pump drive by centrifugal force drive, so that the equipment cost of the technology is greatly reduced, the difficulty of polydispersion caused by blockage of a generation opening by liquid drops in the conventional step emulsification chip technology is solved, and the method has a very wide industrialized prospect. The existing centrifugal step emulsion chip comprises a disperse phase storage chamber, a liquid drop generation array and a continuous phase storage chamber, wherein the disperse phase storage chamber is used for storing samples to be dispersed, the liquid drop generation array is used for generating liquid drops, and the continuous phase storage chamber is used for storing continuous phases and liquid drops. Adding proper continuous phase reagent into the continuous phase storage chamber to make the continuous phase infiltrate the liquid drop generating array and the liquid level higher than the liquid drop generating array, adding the sample to be dispersed into the sample storage chamber, covering the centrifugal tube cover, placing the sample into a high-speed centrifuge, balancing and starting to generate monodisperse liquid drops, and collecting the liquid drops at the bottom of the centrifuge tube under the action of centrifugal force and gravity. Then, the centrifuge tube is placed in a commercial PCR instrument to carry out PCR reaction, and then the reacted micro-droplets are transferred to a micro-droplet tiling chamber to be tiled by using a liquid transfer device and the like, and are placed in an optical system to carry out imaging, counting and quantitative analysis. However, although the conventional centrifugal step emulsion chip technology can overcome the difficulty of polydisperse particle size caused by accumulation of liquid drops at a generation port, the function of the technology is limited to liquid drop generation, and the problems of micro drop breakage and reagent pollution caused by exposure of micro drops to air inevitably exist in the process of transferring generated micro drops to a flat-laying detection device later. And a set of molecular or protein detection flow is constructed by utilizing the existing centrifugal step emulsion chip technology, and a liquid drop generating chip, a high-speed centrifugal machine, a PCR instrument, a precise liquid transfer device, a tiled chip and a fluorescence microscope are required to be configured in a split mode, so that the cost for constructing the detection flow is high, the equipment size is large, and the commercialized development and the application and popularization are not facilitated. Disclosure of Invention The technical problem solved by the invention is to provide a microfluidic chip and a detection system, which can reduce the risks of droplet breakage and reagent pollution in the droplet transfer process, reduce the detection cost and realize the miniaturization of equipment. In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme of the invention provides a microfluidic chip, which comprises a sample storage cavity, a continuous phase storage cavity, a droplet generation array and a droplet tiling cavity, wherein the sample storage cavity is used for storing a sample to be dispersed, the continuous phase storage cavity is connected with the sample storage cavity and is used for storing a continuous phase, the droplet generation array is communicated with the sample storage cavity and is arranged in the continuous phase storage cavity and is used for generating two-phase micro droplets from the sample to be dispersed and the continuous phase, and the droplet tiling cavity is communicated with the continuous phase storage cavity and is used for tiling the generated two-phase micro droplets. Optionally, the sample storage chamber is detachably connected to the continuous phase storage chamber. Optionally, the sample storage cavity comprises a first buckling part and the continuous phase storage cavity comprises a second buckling part matched with the first buckling part, and the first buckling part is connected with the second buckling part in a matching way. Optionally, the sample storage chamber further comprises a handle. Optionally, the liquid drop generating array comprises a liquid drop generating array upper sheet, a liquid drop generating array lower sheet and a liquid drop generatin