CN-117758813-B - Anti-falling device for electromechanical quick-change system accessory

CN117758813BCN 117758813 BCN117758813 BCN 117758813BCN-117758813-B

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of engineering machinery, and particularly relates to an anti-loosening device for an electromechanical quick-change system, which comprises an upper coupling piece and a lower coupling piece, wherein one end of the upper coupling piece and one end of the lower coupling piece are provided with anti-loosening structures which are mutually matched and connected, the other end of the upper coupling piece and the other end of the lower coupling piece are provided with pin shafts and clamping grooves which are mutually matched and connected and provided with telescopic springs, a rotatable locking mechanism is arranged at the matched position of the pin shafts and the clamping grooves, the locking mechanism is provided with a first rotating direction and a second rotating direction, and the locking mechanism comprises a disassembling surface matched with the first rotating direction and a locking surface matched with the second rotating direction. The application can ensure that the locking and the falling prevention are not completed and released at the same time, greatly reduce the participation of personnel in the process of switching the accessory of the quick-change device, ensure that an operator can leave the field by only turning the pull rod to complete the steering, provide the worker with the leaving time of the operation field, improve the safety, reduce the switching time and improve the efficiency.

Inventors

LI WEI
LUO BIN
LIU YUCHEN
ZHU KEYI
JIANG CHAO
WANG JIANJUN
ZHOU YOUMING
WANG QING

Assignees

湖南大学
湖南远东机械制造股份有限公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20231217

Claims (9)

1. The accessory anti-falling device of the electro-mechanical hydraulic quick-change system is used for connecting and switching between a bucket rod and an accessory of the electro-mechanical hydraulic quick-change system and is characterized by comprising an upper coupling piece (1) and a lower coupling piece (2), wherein the upper coupling piece (1) is connected with the bucket rod, and the lower coupling piece (2) is connected with the accessory; The locking mechanism comprises an upper coupling piece (1) and a lower coupling piece (2), wherein one end of the upper coupling piece (1) and one end of the lower coupling piece (2) are provided with locking and loosening prevention structures which are mutually matched and connected, the other end of the upper coupling piece (1) and the other end of the lower coupling piece (2) are provided with pin shafts and clamping grooves which are mutually matched and connected and provided with telescopic springs, rotatable locking mechanisms are arranged at the matched positions of the pin shafts and the clamping grooves which are respectively a step shaft assembly (14) and a pin shaft clamping groove (210), the step shaft assembly (14) is arranged on the upper coupling piece (1), the pin shaft clamping groove (210) is arranged on the lower coupling piece (2), the pin shaft clamping groove (210) is a U-shaped opening, a locking mechanism mounting seat (212) is arranged at the opening of the pin shaft clamping groove (210), each locking mechanism mounting seat (212) is provided with pin holes which are vertically communicated, and each locking mechanism is arranged in one locking mechanism mounting seat (212) and rotatable in the locking mechanism mounting seat (212); The locking mechanism is provided with a first rotating direction and a second rotating direction, the first rotating direction of the locking mechanism is positioned at the position of a first clamping groove (213) of the pull rod, the second rotating direction of the locking mechanism is positioned at the position of a second clamping groove (215) of the pull rod, and the first clamping groove (213) of the pull rod and the second clamping groove (215) of the pull rod are mutually 90 degrees and are arranged at the top of a lower coupling piece box body (21) and are positioned above a locking mechanism mounting seat (212); The locking mechanism comprises a disassembly surface matched with the first rotation direction and a locking surface matched with the second rotation direction, the locking mechanism further comprises a pull rod (221) and a stop block (222), the pull rod (221) is an L-shaped rod, the L-shaped rod is provided with a long rod and a short rod, the long rod of the pull rod (221) penetrates through a pin hole which is formed in the locking mechanism mounting seat (212) and penetrates through the locking mechanism mounting seat up and down, the short rod of the pull rod (221) is positioned in a first clamping groove (213) or a second clamping groove (215) of the pull rod, and the stop block (222) is sleeved on the long rod of the pull rod (221) to be fixed; the locking mechanism is used for rotating to a first rotation direction when the upper coupling piece (1) and the lower coupling piece (2) are detached, so that the detaching surface is abutted with the pin shaft with the telescopic spring and pushes the pin shaft extrusion spring with the telescopic spring to exit the clamping groove to unlock, and rotating to a second rotation direction when the upper coupling piece (1) and the lower coupling piece (2) are locked, so that the locking surface faces the pin shaft with the telescopic spring and keeps a preset distance with the pin shaft with the telescopic spring.
2. The anti-loosening device for the accessory according to claim 1, wherein the upper coupling piece (1) and the lower coupling piece (2) are of symmetrical structures, the anti-loosening structure for mutually matched connection of the upper coupling piece (1) and the lower coupling piece (2) comprises a pin hook plate (110) and a coupling piece pin shaft (20), the pin hook plate (110) is arranged on the upper coupling piece (1), the coupling piece pin shaft (20) is arranged on the lower coupling piece (2), the pin hook plate (110) is provided with a U-shaped opening, one side of the U-shaped opening of the pin hook plate is retracted towards the opening, and the coupling piece pin shaft (20) is positioned in the U-shaped opening.
3. The accessory anti-falling device according to claim 2, wherein the step shaft assembly (14) comprises a step shaft (140) and step shaft springs (141), the step shaft (140) is provided with two symmetrically arranged step shafts, the connecting end of each step shaft (140) and each step shaft spring (141) is provided with an annular step, the upper coupling piece (1) is internally provided with annular clamping tables matched with the annular steps of the two step shafts (140), and the respective end parts of the step shafts (140) at the two sides of the step shaft springs (141) are positioned between the two annular clamping tables; The step shaft spring (141) is in a first compression amount or in a natural state, the connecting end of the step shaft (140) and the step shaft spring (141) does not extend into the pin shaft clamping groove (210), and when the step shaft (140) is extruded to a second compression amount by external force, the step shaft (140) is withdrawn from the pin shaft clamping groove (210).
4. The accessory anti-disengaging device according to claim 3, characterized in that the lower coupling (2) further comprises a lower coupling box (21), the lower coupling box (21) comprises an accessory connecting hole (211), a locking mechanism mounting seat (212) and a guide surface (214); One end of the lower coupling piece box body (21) is provided with a lower coupling piece pin shaft (20), the top of the other end of the lower coupling piece box body (21) is provided with pin shaft clamping grooves (210) which are symmetrically arranged, the bottom of the other end of the lower coupling piece box body is provided with accessory connecting holes (211), the upper part of the pin shaft clamping grooves (210) is provided with guide surfaces (214), and two locking mechanisms are arranged.
5. The anti-falling device for the accessory according to claim 1, wherein the locking mechanism further comprises a flat key (220), a pull rod spring (223) and a nut (224), the stop block (222) comprises a through hole (2220) and a key groove (2221), the stop block (222) is in a right-angle trapezoid shape, the stop block (222) is provided with the through hole (2220), the key groove (2221) is formed in one side of the through hole (2220), the stop block (222) is fixed with the pull rod (221) through the flat key (220), the lower end of the long rod of the pull rod (221) is provided with an external thread, the nut (224) is connected with the lower end of the long rod of the pull rod (221) in a screwing mode, one end of the pull rod spring (223) is sleeved on the long rod of the pull rod (221), the other end of the pull rod spring is in butt joint with the bottom of the lower coupling piece box (21), and the other end of the pull rod spring is in butt joint with the nut (224).
6. The attachment anti-disengagement device according to claim 1, wherein the locking surface is provided at one end opposite to the right angle of the stopper (222), and the detachment surface has two detachment surfaces, and the two detachment surfaces are symmetrically connected to each other and provided at both sides of the locking surface.
7. The accessory anti-falling device according to claim 3, wherein the upper coupling piece (1) further comprises an upper coupling piece box body (10), a pin hook plate (110) and a step shaft assembly mounting seat are respectively arranged at two ends of the bottom of the upper coupling piece box body (10), a step shaft assembly (14) is arranged in the step shaft assembly mounting seat, and the annular clamping table is arranged in the step shaft assembly mounting seat which is provided with an opening.
8. The accessory anti-falling device according to claim 7, wherein the upper coupling piece (1) further comprises a first pin shaft (11), a second pin shaft (12) and a cover plate (13), the first pin shaft (11) and the second pin shaft (12) are respectively arranged at two ends of the top of the upper coupling piece box body (10), and the cover plate (13) is buckled at an opening of the step shaft assembly installation seat.
9. The attachment anti-slip device according to claim 4, wherein the guide surface (214) is a downward sloping surface sloping from the top surface of the lower coupling housing (21) to the inner wall of the lower coupling housing (21).

Description

Anti-falling device for electromechanical quick-change system accessory Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of engineering machinery, and particularly relates to an accessory anti-falling device of an electromechanical liquid quick-change system. Background The engineering machinery comprises an electro-hydraulic quick-change system, wherein a quick-change device is involved in the electro-hydraulic quick-change system, and the quick-change device is a device which is positioned between a large arm bucket rod and an accessory and has the functions of connection and switching. The outstanding function is to switch the accessory, and is mainly used for switching different accessories in the working process so as to adapt to different working requirements. The quick-change device is a key device for realizing the multiple functions of the excavator, and has incomparable advantages in working scenes with limited space such as municipal rush repair, pipeline laying and the like. The common mechanical quick-change device is popular because of the advantages of simple and reliable structure, no need of additional power source, no need of transformation, adaptation to corresponding equipment and the like, but the mechanical quick-change device structure adopts traditional screw connection or bolt connection, and manual installation and manual disassembly are usually required, so that the labor intensity is high, the efficiency is low, and the safety is low. Typically, a quick-change device and an excavator disclosed in patent number CN112227438a and a mechanical quick-change device and an excavator disclosed in patent number CN112627255B are represented. The quick-change devices are locked and fall-off prevention by means of screws or bolts, the switching of the quick-change devices requires the operation of workers by using special tools, the time consumption is long, the physical power consumption is high, and the quick-change devices are operated by the presence of personnel until the quick-change devices are separated from the accessories, so that the risk coefficient is extremely high. Therefore, there is a need for a device that is resistant to removal, safe, and reduces tool handling for removing the accessory. Disclosure of Invention Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the anti-falling device for the electromechanical quick-change system, which greatly reduces the participation of personnel in the process of switching the accessories of the common mechanical quick-change device, improves the safety by only rotating a pull rod to finish steering, reduces the switching time, improves the efficiency, independently realizes the locking and anti-falling functions, and solves the dangerous problem that the locking and anti-falling structures of the common mechanical quick-change device are finished and removed simultaneously, and the installation and the disassembly of the common mechanical quick-change device all need the operation of the operators in the field when the accessories are switched. The operator is not needed to participate in the process of installing the accessory, and the labor intensity of the operator is greatly reduced in the process of disassembling. The accessory anti-falling device of the electro-mechanical hydraulic quick-change system is used for connecting and switching between a bucket rod and an accessory of the electro-mechanical hydraulic quick-change system and comprises an upper coupling piece and a lower coupling piece, wherein the upper coupling piece is connected with the bucket rod, and the lower coupling piece is connected with the accessory; one end of the upper coupling piece and one end of the lower coupling piece are provided with anti-loosening structures which are mutually matched and connected, and the other end of the upper coupling piece and the other end of the lower coupling piece are provided with pin shafts and clamping grooves which are mutually matched and connected and provided with telescopic springs; A rotatable locking mechanism is arranged at the matching position of the pin shaft with the telescopic spring and the clamping groove, the locking mechanism is provided with a first rotating direction and a second rotating direction, and the locking mechanism comprises a disassembling surface matched with the first rotating direction and a locking surface matched with the second rotating direction; The locking mechanism is used for rotating to a first rotating direction when the upper coupling piece and the lower coupling piece are detached, so that the detaching surface is abutted with the pin shaft with the telescopic spring and pushes the pin shaft extrusion spring with the telescopic spring to exit the clamping groove to unlock, and rotating to a second rotating direction when the upper coupling piece and the lower coupling piece are locked, so that the locking surface faces the pin shaft with the telescopi