CN-117773662-B - Flexible grinding and polishing cutter assembly for grinding and polishing structural parts and application method thereof

CN117773662BCN 117773662 BCN117773662 BCN 117773662BCN-117773662-B

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of material grinding and polishing, and discloses a flexible grinding and polishing cutter assembly for grinding and polishing structural parts and a use method thereof, wherein the cutter assembly consists of a cutter with pretightening force mark scales, a strip-shaped slotted hole and an internal cavity, a cutter bar with the strip-shaped slotted hole and a standard cutter handle; the cutter and the cutter bar are connected in a spline mode in a matched mode, the cutter and the cutter bar can axially and relatively slide, a pre-tightening spring is further arranged between the cutter and the cutter bar, scales can be marked according to the pre-tightening force on the cutter, the pre-tightening force after the cutter assembly is installed is set by adjusting the axial relative position between the cutter and the cutter bar, and the cutter assembly is fixed by adopting bolts and nuts, so that the axial contact force required in the grinding and polishing process is ensured. According to the invention, different pretightening forces can be set for different materials and different cutter types, so that the requirements of grinding and polishing working conditions are met, and redundant grinding and polishing axial force release can be realized through a flexible adjusting structure of the cutter, so that the grinding and polishing safety of a workpiece is ensured.

Inventors

SONG GE
GAO XIN
ZHAO GUOBO
LI RENZHENG
QIN XIAOPIN
SHEN XIN
WANG PENGCHENG
TANG LI
LIU SHAORUI

Assignees

成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司

Dates

Publication Date: 20260512
Application Date: 20240119

Claims (5)

1. The use method of the flexible grinding and polishing cutter assembly for grinding and polishing structural parts is characterized in that the use method is realized based on the flexible grinding and polishing cutter assembly for grinding and polishing structural parts, the flexible grinding and polishing cutter assembly comprises a cutter handle, a cutter bar and a cutter which are sequentially connected, the cutter comprises a cutter body, a grinding and polishing medium is arranged at the tail part of the cutter body, a cavity is arranged in the cutter body along the axial direction, an opening is arranged at the end part of the cutter body, the opening is communicated with the cavity, a spring is arranged in the cavity, the cutter bar comprises a clamping section and a sliding adjustment section, the clamping section is connected with the cutter handle in a matched manner, the sliding adjustment section is inserted into the cavity of the cutter body and is abutted against the spring, and the cutter bar can slide in the cavity; The using method comprises the following steps: S1, determining grinding and polishing pretightening force and spring parameters Based on the choice of the material and the cutter of the workpiece to be polished, determining the pretightening force required during polishing Selecting an initial length as And a spring with an elastic coefficient of K, and finishing the assembly of the grinding and polishing flexible grinding and polishing cutter assembly; S2, establishing a pretightening force-scale plate height corresponding relation table When the external force measuring device is used for measuring that the scale plates are at different scale heights h before first use, the pretightening force F of the spring is adopted, and a corresponding relation table of the pretightening force F and the scale plate heights h is established; S3, adjusting the position of the cutter based on the target pretightening force According to the required pretightening force In the following Finding the height of the corresponding scale plate in the relation table The sliding locking piece is adjusted to enable the scale plate to be positioned at the height Then fixing the sliding locking piece, so that the sliding locking piece cannot displace along the axial direction of the cutter when the cutter component is subjected to axial external force; S4, calculating the change of the tool length and correcting the numerical processing tool length value With the scale plate at the highest position The initial cutter length value is calibrated by the cutter end face After the position adjustment of the cutter is completed, calculating the length value of the cutter ; Compensating the cutter length value D into a polishing equipment control system to ensure that the cutter point moves according to a preset programming track; Step S5, executing a polishing program And fixing the flexible grinding and polishing cutter assembly on a main shaft of the equipment, and executing a workpiece grinding and polishing procedure.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the sliding locking member comprises a locking bolt, a first bar-shaped slot extending through the cutter body is formed in the side wall of the cutter body, a second bar-shaped slot extending through the sliding adjustment section is formed in the sliding adjustment section, the locking bolt is mounted in the first bar-shaped slot and the second bar-shaped slot and can slide in the first bar-shaped slot and the second bar-shaped slot, and a locking nut is arranged at the end of the locking bolt.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the locking bolt is provided with a scale plate, an inner arc surface of the scale plate is attached to an outer surface of the tool body, the locking nut is abutted to the scale plate, and the locking bolt can drive the scale plate to axially slide along the tool.
4. A method of using a flexible grinding and polishing tool assembly for grinding and polishing of structural members according to claim 1, wherein the inner wall of the cavity is provided with spline grooves, the outer wall of the sliding adjustment section is provided with splines which mate with the spline grooves, and the splines are slidably disposed in the spline grooves.
5. A method of using a flexible abrasive tool assembly for abrasive polishing of a structure according to claim 1, For the length of the spring When the scale plate is positioned at the highest position When the distance d from the bottom of the cavity of the cutter body to the end face of the sliding adjusting section is the maximum value Should satisfy ; For the selection of the elasticity coefficient K of the pre-tightening spring, when the scale plate is positioned at the lowest position When the distance d from the bottom of the cavity of the cutter body to the end face of the sliding adjusting section is the minimum value Should satisfy 。

Description

Flexible grinding and polishing cutter assembly for grinding and polishing structural parts and application method thereof Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of material grinding and polishing, in particular to a flexible grinding and polishing cutter assembly for grinding and polishing structural parts and a use method thereof. Background The polishing work after the mechanical processing of the structural part is an important link for guaranteeing the processing quality and the precision of the product, and can effectively solve the problems of processing residues, processing knife lines, processing steps and the like. With the high-speed development of aerospace equipment and the like, the polishing and grinding requirements of structural parts are increasingly vigorous. The traditional manual grinding and polishing mode by the bench staff has the defects of dust and noise in grinding and polishing to human bodies, and meanwhile, the ever-increasing grinding and polishing requirements of structural parts are difficult to meet, so that the grinding and polishing processing of digital equipment represented by a robot is the main research direction of the grinding and polishing processing of the current structural parts. The digital equipment polishing has the advantages of accurate motion trail, high polishing efficiency, small health hazard and the like. However, compared with the manual grinding and polishing of traditional bench workers, the grinding and polishing method lacks the perception and control of the grinding and polishing process, cannot adjust the grinding and polishing strategy in real time according to actual conditions, has processing risks such as excessive grinding and polishing, part ablation and the like, and cannot effectively guarantee the grinding and polishing quality of a structural member while finishing the surface grinding and polishing of the part. Aiming at the problems, the grinding and polishing force control unit is mainly added in the current industry to control the grinding and polishing process, the force applied to the cutter in the grinding and polishing process is detected through the force sensor, and then the position of the cutter is finely adjusted in real time based on a certain algorithm, so that the relative uniformity of the stress of the cutter in the grinding and polishing process is further ensured. However, the method needs to modify processing equipment, a force control adjusting unit is added, the application cost is high, and the obtained polishing effect is uneven due to the difference of a cutter position compensation algorithm. Disclosure of Invention In order to solve the problems and the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a flexible polishing cutter assembly for polishing structural members and a use method thereof, which can realize redundant polishing axial force release through a flexible adjusting structure of a cutter, ensure the polishing safety of workpieces, realize the safe polishing of structural webs and other characteristics, and can also set different pretightening forces for different materials and different cutter types so as to meet the polishing working condition requirements. In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: The flexible grinding and polishing cutter assembly for grinding and polishing the structural part comprises a cutter handle, a cutter bar and a cutter which are sequentially connected, wherein the cutter comprises a cutter body, a grinding and polishing medium is arranged at the tail part of the cutter body, a cavity is formed in the cutter body along the axis direction, an opening is formed in the end part of the cutter body, the opening is communicated with the cavity, a spring is arranged in the cavity, the cutter bar comprises a clamping section and a sliding adjusting section, the clamping section is connected with the cutter handle in a matched manner, the sliding adjusting section is inserted into the cavity of the cutter body and is abutted to the spring, and the cutter bar can slide in the cavity; the sliding locking piece is arranged between the cutter main body and the sliding adjusting section and can slide relative to the cutter main body and the sliding adjusting section, when the sliding adjusting section is abutted with the spring in the cavity and the spring is compressed, the sliding locking piece is used for limiting the sliding limiting position of the sliding adjusting section in the cutter main body and providing pretightening force required by polishing through the compressed spring, when the sliding adjusting section is separated from the spring in the cavity, the sliding locking piece is used for releasing pretightening force and locking the sliding adjusting section, and further limiting the relative positions of the sliding adjusting section and the cutter main body, so that the sliding adjust