Search

CN-117781331-B - Double-stage electrostatic oil fume treatment unit with fresh air heating and oil stain self-cleaning functions

CN117781331BCN 117781331 BCN117781331 BCN 117781331BCN-117781331-B

Abstract

A double-stage electrostatic oil smoke treatment unit with fresh air heating and oil stain self-cleaning functions belongs to the field of high-voltage electrostatic oil smoke purification and fresh air heating. The application aims to solve the problems that when the high-voltage electrostatic technology is used for purifying oil fume, the oil fume particulate matter removing efficiency is low due to the phenomenon of reverse electric field, the conventional cleaning measures are poor in oil stain cleaning effect, the polar voltage is high, air breakdown is easy to form sparks, the fire hazard is high, and the energy consumption for heating fresh air in winter is high. The application comprises a lampblack collecting device, a charged mixing section, a primary lampblack treatment section, a secondary lampblack treatment section, a lampblack pipeline component and a fresh air pipeline component, wherein the lampblack collecting device is arranged at the inlet end of the lampblack pipeline component, the charged mixing section, the primary lampblack treatment section and the secondary lampblack treatment section are sequentially connected in series in the lampblack pipeline component along the lampblack flowing direction, and the fresh air pipeline component is arranged on the primary lampblack treatment section and the secondary lampblack treatment section.

Inventors

  • ZHANG TIANTIAN
  • Bi xiuxin
  • HU HONGXI
  • TAN YUFEI
  • HAN DONGLIANG
  • Niu Dongyin

Assignees

  • 哈尔滨工业大学

Dates

Publication Date
20260508
Application Date
20231211

Claims (8)

  1. 1. The double-stage electrostatic oil smoke treatment unit with the fresh air heating and oil pollution self-cleaning functions is characterized by comprising an oil smoke collecting device (1), a charged mixing section (2), a first-stage oil smoke treatment section (3), a second-stage oil smoke treatment section (4), an oil smoke pipeline component (5) and a fresh air pipeline component (6), wherein the oil smoke collecting device (1) is arranged at the inlet end of the oil smoke pipeline component (5), the charged mixing section (2), the first-stage oil smoke treatment section (3) and the second-stage oil smoke treatment section (4) are sequentially connected in series in the oil smoke pipeline component (5) along the oil smoke flowing direction, the fresh air pipeline component (6) is arranged outside the oil smoke pipeline component (5), the fresh air pipeline component (6) is arranged on the first-stage oil smoke treatment section (3) and the second-stage oil smoke treatment section (4), the air inlet end of the fresh air pipeline component (6) is arranged outside the second-stage oil smoke treatment section (4), and the air outlet end of the fresh air pipeline component (6) sequentially passes through the second-stage oil smoke treatment section (4) and the first-stage oil smoke treatment section (3) and is arranged outside the first-stage oil smoke treatment section (3). The oil smoke collecting device (1) comprises an air collecting cover (11) and an air collecting fan (12), wherein the air collecting fan (12) is arranged in the inlet end of the oil smoke pipeline component (5), a shell of the air collecting fan (12) is connected with the inner wall of the inlet end of the oil smoke pipeline component (5) in a detachable mode, the air collecting cover (11) is arranged on the air inlet side of the air collecting fan (12), the air collecting cover (11) is fixedly connected with the end wall of the inlet end of the oil smoke pipeline component (5), the air inlet side of the air collecting fan (12) is communicated with the air collecting cover (11), and the air outlet side of the air collecting fan (12) is communicated with the oil smoke pipeline component (5); The oil smoke pipeline component (5) comprises a first oil smoke pipeline (51), a second oil smoke pipeline (52), a first oil smoke reducing pipeline (53), an oil smoke bend (54), a second oil smoke reducing pipeline (55) and a third oil smoke pipeline (56), wherein the first oil smoke pipeline (51), the second oil smoke pipeline (52), the first oil smoke reducing pipeline (53), the oil smoke bend (54), the second oil smoke reducing pipeline (55) and the third oil smoke pipeline (56) are sequentially arranged along the oil smoke flowing direction, a gas collecting fan (12) is arranged in the inlet end of the first oil smoke pipeline (51), a shell of the gas collecting fan (12) is connected with the inner wall of the inlet end of the first oil smoke pipeline (51) in a detachable manner, the inlet end of the second oil smoke pipeline (52) is fixedly connected with the end wall of the inlet end of the first oil smoke pipeline (51), the outlet end of the second oil smoke pipeline (52) is sequentially provided with a charge mixing section (2) and a first stage oil smoke treatment section (3) along the flowing direction, the inlet end of the charge mixing section (3) is sequentially arranged at the outlet end of the second oil smoke section (52) and the charge section (3) is communicated with the first stage (3) and the charge section (3) at the inlet end of the first stage (3), the inlet end of the first oil smoke reducing pipeline (53) is communicated with the outlet end of the first oil smoke treating section (3), the inlet end of the oil smoke bend (54) is communicated with the outlet end of the first oil smoke reducing pipeline (53), the inlet end of the second oil smoke reducing pipeline (55) is communicated with the outlet end of the oil smoke bend (54), the second oil smoke treating section (4) is arranged on the outlet end of the second oil smoke reducing pipeline (55), the inlet end of the second oil smoke treating section (4) is communicated with the outlet end of the second oil smoke reducing pipeline (55), the third oil smoke pipeline (56) is arranged on the outlet end of the second oil smoke treating section (4), and the inlet end of the third oil smoke pipeline (56) is communicated with the smoke outlet end of the second oil smoke treating section (4).
  2. 2. The double-stage electrostatic oil smoke treatment unit with fresh air heating and oil stain self-cleaning functions according to claim 1, wherein the charge mixing section (2) comprises a charge atomizer (21) and a mixing box (22), the mixing box (22) is arranged on the outlet end of the second oil smoke pipeline (52), the inlet end of the mixing box (22) is communicated with the outlet end of the second oil smoke pipeline (52), the outlet end of the mixing box (22) is communicated with the inlet end of the primary oil smoke treatment section (3), the charge atomizer (21) is arranged on the top wall of the mixing box (22), the nozzle end of the charge atomizer (21) is communicated with the mixing box (22), the charge atomizer (21) comprises a sealing box (2101), an atomizing device (2102) and an induction electrode (2103), the sealing box (2101) is arranged on the top wall of the mixing box (22), the sealing box (2101) is communicated with the outlet end of the second oil smoke pipeline (52), the atomizing device (2102) is inserted into the sealing box (2101), the atomizing device (2102) is arranged in the sealing box (2101) and the induction electrode (2101) is arranged on the outer end of the sealing box (2101), one end of the induction electrode (2103) arranged in the sealing box (2101) is of a circular ring structure, the circular ring end of the induction electrode (2103) is arranged right below the mist spraying end in the atomizing device (2102), one end of the induction electrode (2103) arranged outside the sealing box (2101) is connected with an external wire, and the joint of the atomizing device (2102) and the induction electrode (2103) and the sealing box (2101) is in sealing arrangement.
  3. 3. The two-stage electrostatic oil smoke treatment unit with fresh air heating and oil stain self-cleaning functions according to claim 2, wherein the one-stage oil smoke treatment section (3) comprises a smoke tube shell (31), a motor equipment box (32), a liquid storage tank (33), a square water baffle (36), a first cathode unit and a corrugated tube unit, the smoke tube shell (31) is arranged on the outlet end of a mixing box (22), the inlet end of the smoke tube shell (31) is communicated with the outlet end of the mixing box (22), the outlet end of the smoke tube shell (31) is communicated with the inlet end of a first oil smoke reducing pipeline (53), the motor equipment box (32) is arranged at the top of the smoke tube shell (31), the first cathode unit and the corrugated tube unit are arranged in the smoke tube shell (31), the corrugated tube unit comprises a plurality of corrugated tube sets which are sequentially and equidistantly arranged in the smoke tube shell (31) along the smoke flow direction, each corrugated tube set is provided with a plurality of corrugated tubes (34) along the vertical direction, two ends of each corrugated tube (34) are respectively communicated with the corresponding side wall of the shell (31), the first cathode unit is arranged in the first cathode unit (35) along the first cathode unit and the first cathode unit (35) is sequentially arranged in the first cathode unit (35) and the first cathode unit (35) which is sequentially arranged in the first cathode unit and the first cathode unit (35) and the second cathode unit is sequentially arranged in the first cathode unit, and the both ends of first negative pole subassembly (35) are dismantled with one side lateral wall that corresponds in tobacco pipe shell (31) respectively and are connected, voltage output end links to each other with the voltage input end of every first negative pole subassembly (35) in motor equipment case (32), hold the bottom of cistern (33) setting in tobacco pipe shell (31) exit end, and hold the top and the tobacco pipe shell (31) intercommunication setting of cistern (33), hold cistern (33) side opening and waste liquid collection device and link to each other, square breakwater (36) are embedded in the exit end of tobacco pipe shell (31), and square breakwater (36) are dismantled with tobacco pipe shell (31) and are connected.
  4. 4. The double-stage electrostatic oil fume treatment unit with fresh air heating and oil stain self-cleaning functions according to claim 3, wherein the double-stage electrostatic oil fume treatment unit is characterized in that: the smoke tube shell (31) comprises a front side plate (3101), a top plate (3102), a rear side plate (3103) and a bottom plate (3104), wherein the front side plate (3101) and the rear side plate (3103) are arranged in parallel front and back, the top plate (3102) is arranged at the tops of the front side plate (3101) and the rear side plate (3103), the bottom edge of the front side of the top plate (3102) is fixedly connected with the front side plate (3101), the bottom edge of the rear side of the top plate (3102) is fixedly connected with the rear side plate (3103), the bottom plate (3104) is arranged at the bottoms of the front side plate (3101) and the rear side plate (3103), the bottom plate (3104) and the top plate (3102) are arranged in parallel opposite, the top edge of the front side of the bottom plate (3104) is fixedly connected with the front side plate (3101), the top edge of the rear side of the bottom plate (3104) is fixedly connected with the rear side plate (3103), a plurality of first rectangular openings and a plurality of groups of first cathode connecting holes are uniformly distributed on the front side plate (3101), a plurality of second rectangular openings and a plurality of groups of second cathode connecting holes are uniformly distributed on the rear side plate (3103), each first rectangular opening is correspondingly arranged with one second rectangular opening, one group of first cathode connecting holes is correspondingly arranged with one group of second cathode connecting holes, one end of each corrugated pipe (34) is correspondingly arranged with one first rectangular opening, the other end of each corrugated pipe (34) is communicated with a second rectangular opening, one end of each first cathode assembly (35) is detachably connected with the front side plate (3101) through a first cathode part connecting hole, and the other end of each first cathode assembly (35) is detachably connected with the rear side plate (3103) through a second cathode part connecting hole.
  5. 5. The double-stage electrostatic oil smoke treatment unit with fresh air heating and oil stain self-cleaning functions according to claim 4, wherein the first cathode assembly (35) comprises a first cathode frame (35022), two first cathode frame connecting wiring parts and a plurality of wire pole parts, the wire pole parts are equidistantly arranged in the first cathode frame (35022) along the width extension direction of the wire pole parts, one end of each wire pole part is fixedly connected with the inner wall of one wide frame body in the first cathode frame (35022), the connecting wiring part of each first cathode frame is arranged on the outer side of one wide frame body in the first cathode frame (35022), two spiral fixing wire poles (35021) are symmetrically arranged on the outer side of each wide frame body along the central line in the length direction of the wide frame body, one end of each spiral fixing wire pole (35021) is fixedly connected with the first cathode frame (35022), the first cathode frame (35022) is detachably connected with one first cathode frame connecting wiring part through two spiral fixing wire poles (35021), and the first cathode frame (35022) is detachably connected with the front side plate (3103) through the two first cathode frame connecting wiring parts and the front side plate (3103); The polar line part comprises a fishbone line (35011) and a plurality of fishbone lines (35012), the fishbone line (35011) is horizontally arranged between two broadside frames in the first cathode frame (35022), each end of the fishbone line (35011) is fixedly connected with the adjacent broadside frame, the fishbone lines (35012) are staggered on two sides of the fishbone line (35011), and one end of each fishbone line (35012) is fixedly connected with the fishbone line (35011); The first cathode frame connecting wiring part comprises an insulating plate (35033), two second nuts (35031) and two connecting studs (35032), the insulating plate (35033) is arranged on the outer side of a wide frame body in the first cathode frame (35022), two connecting holes are processed in the middle of the insulating plate (35033), each connecting hole is coaxially and correspondingly arranged with one spiral fixing wire column (35021), the insulating plate (35033) is sleeved on the two spiral fixing wire columns (35021) through the two connecting holes, the insulating plate (35033) is detachably connected with the first cathode frame (35022) through the two first nuts (35023), the upper end and the lower end of the insulating plate (35033) are respectively provided with a mounting hole, one connecting stud (35032) is correspondingly arranged in each mounting hole, one end of each connecting stud (35032) is arranged on one side of the insulating plate (35033) close to the first cathode frame (35022), the other end of each connecting stud (35032) penetrates through the front side plate (1) or the rear side plate (3) and is inserted into the second nut (4632) to be detachably connected with the two first nuts (31032) through the two first nuts (31032) and the two connecting studs (31052) are respectively arranged on the upper end and lower ends of the insulating plate (35033) respectively, the voltage output end of the motor equipment box (32) is respectively connected with a plurality of spiral fixed wire posts (35021) through a plurality of first cathode wires (35024).
  6. 6. The double-stage electrostatic oil smoke treatment unit with fresh air heating and oil stain self-cleaning functions according to claim 5, wherein the secondary oil smoke treatment section (4) comprises a shell-and-tube type pipeline (41), an oil collecting hopper and a second cathode component, the shell-and-tube type pipeline (41) is arranged at the outlet end of a second oil smoke reducing pipeline (55), the inlet end of the shell-and-tube type pipeline (41) is communicated with the outlet end of the second oil smoke reducing pipeline (55), the second cathode component is arranged in the shell-and-tube type pipeline (41), the top of the second cathode component extends to the upper side of the shell-and-tube type pipeline (41), the top of the second cathode component is fixedly connected with the outer top of the shell-and-tube type pipeline (41), the bottom of the second cathode component extends to the lower side of the shell-and-tube type pipeline (41), the oil collecting hopper is sleeved on the outlet end of the shell-and-tube type pipeline (41), the top of the oil collecting hopper is detachably connected with the shell-and-tube type pipeline (41), and the third oil smoke inlet end (56) is arranged on the third oil smoke collecting hopper and communicated with the outlet end of the oil smoke hopper (56); The shell and tube type pipeline (41) comprises an upper top plate (4101), an outer cylinder (4102), a lower bottom plate (4104) and a plurality of collecting heat exchange tubes (4103), wherein the upper top plate (4101) is arranged at the top inlet end of the outer cylinder (4102), the upper top plate (4101) is of a circular plate structure, the upper top plate (4101) is fixedly connected with the outer cylinder (4102), the lower bottom plate (4104) is arranged at the bottom outlet end of the outer cylinder (4102), the lower bottom plate (4104) is of a V-shaped plate, the bottom outlet end of the outer cylinder (4102) is matched with the lower bottom plate (4104), the lower bottom plate (4104) is fixedly connected with the outer cylinder (4102), the plurality of collecting heat exchange tubes (4103) are arranged in the outer cylinder (4102) in an array, the top end of each collecting heat exchange tube (4103) penetrates through the upper top plate (4101) and is communicated with the second oil fume reducing pipeline (41055), and the bottom end of each collecting heat exchange tube (4103) penetrates through the lower bottom plate (4104) and is communicated with the oil collecting hopper; The oil collecting hopper comprises an oil collecting barrel (4201), a waste liquid pipe (4202) and an arc-shaped liquid baffle (4203), wherein the top of the oil collecting barrel (4201) is sleeved on the bottom outlet end of the outer barrel (4102), the oil collecting barrel (4201) is detachably connected with the outer barrel (4102), the bottom of the oil collecting barrel (4201) is in an inverted cone-shaped structure, the waste liquid pipe (4202) is arranged at the center of the bottom of the oil collecting barrel (4201), the top end of the waste liquid pipe (4202) is communicated with the bottom of the oil collecting barrel (4201), the bottom end of the waste liquid pipe (4202) is communicated with the waste liquid collecting device, a smoke outlet is formed in the side wall of the oil collecting barrel (4201), a third smoke pipeline (56) is arranged on the outer side wall of the oil collecting barrel (4201), the inlet end of the third smoke pipeline (56) is communicated with the smoke outlet on the oil collecting barrel (4201), the arc-shaped liquid baffle (4203) is arranged at the smoke outlet on the side wall of the oil collecting barrel (4201), and the arc-shaped liquid baffle (4203) is detachably connected with the oil collecting barrel (4201).
  7. 7. The two-stage electrostatic oil fume treatment unit with fresh air heating and oil stain self-cleaning functions according to claim 6, wherein the second cathode assembly comprises a fixing frame (4302), a V-shaped bottom frame (4303), a cross insulating sheet (4304) and a plurality of cylindrical electrode wires (4301), the cross insulating sheet (4304) is arranged above an upper top plate (4101), the cross insulating sheet (4304) is fixedly connected with the outer top of the upper top plate (4101), the V-shaped bottom frame (4303) is arranged below a lower bottom plate (4104), the V-shaped bottom frame (4303) is detachably connected with the lower bottom plate (4304) through the fixing frame (4302), a plurality of cylindrical electrode wires (4301) are arranged between the cross insulating sheet (4304) and the V-shaped bottom frame (4303), one end of each cylindrical electrode wire (4301) is fixedly connected with one electrode wire mounting hole on the cross insulating sheet (4304), the other end of each cylindrical electrode wire (4301) sequentially penetrates through the upper plate (4101), the one collecting bottom plate (4103), the lower heat pipe (4304) and is connected with a plurality of cylindrical electrode wire change frames (4303) through a plurality of cylindrical electrode wire change joints (4305, and a plurality of cylindrical electrode joints (4303) are respectively arranged at the ends of the cylindrical electrode change frames, and the cylindrical electrode structures are connected with the cylindrical electrode frames (4303.
  8. 8. The double-stage electrostatic oil fume treatment unit with fresh air heating and oil stain self-cleaning functions according to claim 7, wherein the fresh air pipeline component (6) comprises a first fresh air pipeline (61), a second fresh air pipeline (62), a first static pressure box (63), a second static pressure box (64) and a third fresh air pipeline (65), the first fresh air pipeline (61) is arranged at the lower part of the outer cylinder (4102), the air inlet end of the first fresh air pipeline (61) is communicated with the atmosphere, the air outlet end of the first fresh air pipeline (61) is communicated with the outer cylinder (4102), the second fresh air pipeline (62) is arranged at the upper part of the outer cylinder (4102), the air inlet end of the second fresh air pipeline (62) is communicated with the air inlet end of the second static pressure box (64), the second static pressure box (64) is fixedly connected with the rear side plate (3103) on the outer shell (31), the air outlet end of the second static pressure box (64) is communicated with the front side plate (3101) through a plurality of rectangular upper smoke pipes (63) and a plurality of corrugated upper side plates (34) are fixedly connected with the front side plate (3101) through a plurality of rectangular upper side plates (34), the third fresh air pipeline (65) is arranged on the first static pressure box (63), the air inlet end of the third fresh air pipeline (65) is communicated with the air outlet end of the first static pressure box (63), and the air outlet end of the third fresh air pipeline (65) is communicated with the indoor space.

Description

Double-stage electrostatic oil fume treatment unit with fresh air heating and oil stain self-cleaning functions Technical Field The application belongs to the field of high-voltage electrostatic oil fume purification and fresh air heating, and particularly relates to a double-stage electrostatic oil fume treatment unit with fresh air heating and oil stain self-cleaning functions. Background In recent years, with the rise of national requirements on the environment, the restriction of fume as an important source of particulate emission by related standards is becoming more and more strict. The high-voltage electrostatic purifying technology is that the gas carrying the particles is ionized under the action of the direct-current high voltage of the metal discharging device, so that the particles are charged, the charged particles are driven to a collecting area by an electric field, and then the oil liquid in the collecting area is removed by using a cleaning measure. The high-voltage electrostatic purification technology has the characteristics of high particulate matter removal efficiency (particularly high first-level and second-level particulate matter trapping efficiency), small resistance of treatment equipment, relatively low energy consumption, convenient equipment management, small occupied area, difficult corrosion and the like, so that the technology has wide application prospect. At present, two factors limiting the high-voltage electrostatic purification technology in the oil fume treatment field mainly exist, namely, for viscous pollutants such as oil fume, as the oil fume is accumulated on a collecting plate more and thicker, the charges of oil drops with high specific resistance which are not released are accumulated more and more, as the charges of oil liquid on the collecting plate are the same as the charges of oil fume particles, like poles repel each other, the coulomb force of polar lines to the particles is weakened or even counteracted, so that the subsequent charged oil fume particles are difficult to collect and remove, namely, a phenomenon commonly called as a counter-electric field phenomenon is formed, power is consumed, and the particulate matter removal efficiency is seriously influenced, meanwhile, the oil liquid in a collecting area can wrap corona poles and collecting electrodes, and oil stains are difficult to remove by using traditional vibration modes during purification. The effect of these problems can be a significant drop in the cleaning efficiency of the electrostatic precipitator, and even damage to the electrodes in severe cases. Secondly, for a high-voltage electrostatic treatment device, an electrode wire is often adopted to ionize air and oil drops through high-voltage corona discharge, so that the oil drops are charged, the electrode wire voltage is very high, air breakdown is easy to form sparks due to unstable physical parameters in oil smoke gas, the risk of fire is high after the oil smoke gas contacts the oil smoke, the electrostatic oil smoke technology is provided with a plurality of high-voltage electrode wires, the requirement on protection measures of high-voltage circuits of equipment is high, the harm after electric leakage is large, and the practical application is not facilitated. At present, the problems of oil smoke back corona and oil package are mainly solved by a mechanical cleaning or liquid spraying mode, for example, CN 112762498A discloses a technical means for cleaning by softening oil stains by using high-temperature steam, but the heating time and the steam softening time of an oil smoke pipe section are long, so that the cleaning and stopping time of pollutants are long, the practical application is not facilitated, for example, CN113551282A discloses a device for cleaning the oil stains by liquid spraying and mechanical scraping, the cleaning effect of the simple liquid spraying on the oil stains of a polar plate is limited, and the mechanical scraping and rubbing can abrade the polar plate, so that the long-term use and the operation and the maintenance of equipment are not facilitated. Meanwhile, in order to maintain the temperature and the air pressure stability of the inner space after the oil fume is discharged, fresh air with corresponding temperature and air quantity is required to be introduced. In winter in the north, the heating energy consumption of the part of fresh air is huge for places generating oil smoke such as catering kitchens, paint spraying workshops and the like. In conclusion, when the current high-voltage electrostatic purification technology is used in the oil fume purification field, the oil stains in the collection area are difficult to clean, the conventional cleaning measures have poor practical application effect, the polar voltage is high, the safety is low, the oil fume particulate matter treatment effect is limited, and the waste heat in the oil fume cannot be reused. The new wind has high energy cons