CN-117884334-B - Method for protecting and repairing rotten wood of ancient ship

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for protecting and repairing rotten wood of an ancient boat, which aims at the degradation and decay of wood caused by oxidation-reduction reaction of iron and oxidation of reduced sulfur of pine, fir and camphor wood of the ancient boat, uses micro-nano lime and ethylcellulose to deacidify and reinforce the rotten wood, aims at the defect of imitation wood grain paste made of tung oil and the like at the crack and incomplete part of the ancient boat, adheres rotten wood adhesive made of tung oil and the like on the broken wood blocks, and provides a good environment for relics by using fluororubber as a sealing agent after protecting and repairing the ancient boat, thereby achieving the effects of water resistance, mildew resistance, insect resistance and the like. The method replaces the traditional polyethylene glycol infiltration spraying method, rosin paraffin thermal infiltration method, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol infiltration reinforcement, spraying raw tung oil, raw lacquer, B72, epoxy resin and other protection methods of the ancient ship, and uses fluororubber as the ancient ship sealing agent, thereby achieving the purposes of repairing old, like old and minimally intervening in the traditional cultural relics combined with modern materials.

Inventors

• FEI LIHUA
• SHEN DAWA
• JIANG XIAOYU
• HE JIANGTAO
• WU GENGFENG
• ZHANG PINRONG
• WAN LI

Assignees

• 宜兴市金陵文物保护研究所

Dates

Publication Date

20260505

Application Date

20240117

Claims (1)

1. 1. The method for protecting and repairing the rotten wood of the ancient ship is characterized by comprising the following steps of: Firstly, forcefully downwards rotating infusion holes with the depth of 2-4 cm at a reinforced part of a wooden ship by adopting drills with different diameters, then inserting stainless steel needles with L-shaped bending into the infusion holes to inject rotten wood deacidification reinforcing agents, wherein the rotten wood deacidification reinforcing agents are formed by mixing micro-nano lime and ethyl cellulose ethanol solution with the mass concentration of 2% according to the volume ratio of 1:2; Step 2, coating and scraping imitated wood grain paste on the gap of the ancient boat by using a caulking tool, and then pulling and scraping wood grains back and forth by using the imitated wood grain tool, wherein the imitated wood grain paste is formed by mixing tung oil, lime, talcum powder and wood chips according to the mass ratio of 1:3:0.5:1; Coating rotten wood adhesive on two sides of the broken wood blocks, fixing the rotten wood blocks by ropes or adhesive tapes, and performing initial setting for 24 hours and final setting for 72 hours, wherein the rotten wood adhesive is formed by mixing tung oil, lime, wood dust and hemp threads according to the mass ratio of 1:2:1:1; and 4, completely dissolving fluororubber in an organic solvent, and then coating the fluororubber on the surface of the ancient boat by using a paint brush, wherein the mass concentration of the fluororubber in the organic solvent is 3% -6%, the fluororubber is fluororubber F2311, namely a copolymer of vinylidene fluoride and chlorotrifluoroethylene, and the organic solvent is any one of acetone, propanol, ethyl acetate and butyl acetate.

Description

Method for protecting and repairing rotten wood of ancient ship Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of protection and repair of wooden relics, and particularly relates to protection and repair of an unearthed ancient wooden ship. Background Before ancient wooden ship cultural relics are not archaized and unearthed, the underwater or underground buried environment where the cultural relics are located is stable, and the cultural relics are in relative and temporary dynamic balance. However, with the development of archaeology, the original inherent equilibrium state of the cultural relics is broken, especially the sudden changes of temperature, humidity and light, so that the cultural relics of the ancient wooden ships generate a mutation process. If rescue protection is not performed in time or the protection is improper, the ancient wooden ship may shrink, crack, warp, deform and the like. The wooden relics in ocean effluent often contain reduced sulfur, so that the wood fibers are acidified and degraded under the oxidation condition, and in addition, the oxidation-reduction reaction of iron in the wood can promote the degradation of the wood, so that the wood is decayed. This is a problem that is often encountered by current cultural relics protection workers. The method for internationally protecting the wood of the sunken ship from the old ship rotten wood comprises a polyethylene glycol infiltration spraying method, a rosin paraffin thermal infiltration method, a sucrose infiltration method and the like. The protection of ancient ships in China comprises the steps of spraying 5% -7% polyvinyl acetate acetone solution to protect and treat ship materials with heavy decay, brushing or spraying raw tung oil, adopting a rosin and paraffin thermal infiltration protection method, adopting technologies such as polyvinyl alcohol and polyethylene glycol infiltration reinforcement protection and the like, spraying sodium fluoride and pentachlorophenol alcohol solution as insect prevention and corrosion prevention treatment, recovering the decayed wood part of the colourful part of the ancient ship without wood grain, bonding fragments, using wood gum or epoxy resin or B72 resin or unsaturated polyester resin, reinforcing the decayed wood with lacquer and the like. The method and the technology have a certain protection effect on cultural relics, but have the following larger defects that (1) the polyvinyl acetate acetone solution and the raw tung oil are sprayed, although high-pressure gas sprayed by an air compressor is used, chemical protection materials are sprayed and infiltrated, and 5% polyvinyl acetate acetone solution is selected so as to facilitate the chemical protection materials to permeate into ship materials. However, from a post-construction sampling perspective, the chemically protective material does not penetrate completely into the interior of the boat. (2) The drying of the raw tung oil is slow, and if the raw tung oil meets rainy and humid weather, the drying of an oil film is more delayed, so that mould appears on the surface of the ship body after spraying the raw tung oil. (3) The archaeological timber dehydration stage is protected by polyethylene glycol, but the color of the treated ancient boat is dark, the color of the timber is lost, and the appearance is poor. (4) The oxidation-reduction effect of iron promotes the degradation of ship wood due to the corrosion of ancient ship iron nails (6300 iron nails are arranged on the ship of Quanzhou Song Daihai), and the acidification degradation of wood is caused by the acid generated by oxidation of reduced sulfur in ship wood, which is the main reason for the formation of decay diseases, so that the stability of ship wood is very unfavorable if the ancient ship rotten wood is not subjected to deep deacidification. (5) The lacquer is a main material of the lacquer making device, but is used as lacquer for reinforcing wood, the first curing is slow, the color of the wood is deepened after the second reinforcing curing, and the principle of repairing and restoring cultural relics is not met. (6) The ancient ship is repaired, and the wood which is not used for repairing is basically restored without wood grain, so that the requirements of cultural relics on protection, repair, old repair and old repair cannot be met. (7) The repairing ancient ship uses wood glue or epoxy resin or B72 resin or unsaturated polyester resin for bonding fragments, the bonding agent is not wood glue, the cured resin has large stress, the bonding interface is easy to break if the bonding agent is carelessly slightly, and resin flow can occur when the bonding agent is bonded like wood glue. (8) After the ancient boat is repaired, no sealing treatment with the protection of the ancient boat is seen to slow down the influence of fluctuation of environmental temperature, humidity and the like on the stability of the boat body. (9) For the archaeol