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CN-117976262-B - Heat extraction system of containment vessel

CN117976262BCN 117976262 BCN117976262 BCN 117976262BCN-117976262-B

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of nuclear power, in particular to a heat removal system of a containment, which comprises the containment, a pressure trigger assembly and an air bag assembly, wherein the containment is provided with a containment cavity, a through hole communicated with the containment cavity is formed in the containment, and a pressure wall for sealing the through hole is arranged on the containment. The pressure trigger assembly comprises a pressure cylinder, a movable rod and a broken wall piece, wherein the pressure cylinder is arranged on the peripheral surface of the containment, the pressure cylinder is provided with a pressure cavity, the movable rod is arranged on the pressure cylinder and is in a normal pressure state and a high pressure state, the movable rod is movable relative to the pressure cylinder under the pressure action of the safety cavity in the high pressure state, and the broken wall piece is arranged on the movable rod. The airbag module includes an airbag that is disposed on an outer peripheral surface of the safety case and communicates with the through hole. The heat removal system of the containment vessel can relieve the pressure in the containment vessel and reduce the temperature in the containment vessel, and prevent secondary accidents from occurring in the containment vessel and nuclear facilities in the containment vessel.

Inventors

  • LIAO XIAOTAO
  • QUAN GUOPING
  • MENG ZHAOCAN
  • WANG HAIDAN
  • WANG HUI
  • ZHANG YILIN
  • Sha Huie
  • Shen Aijing
  • YU HUI
  • TIAN FANG

Assignees

  • 国家电投集团科学技术研究院有限公司
  • 国电投核能有限公司

Dates

Publication Date
20260505
Application Date
20221026

Claims (14)

  1. 1. A heat removal system for a containment vessel, comprising: the safety shell is provided with a safety cavity, a through hole communicated with the safety cavity is formed in the safety shell, and a pressure wall for sealing the through hole is arranged on the safety shell; The pressure triggering assembly comprises a pressure cylinder, a movable rod, a broken piece, a pressure plate and a flexible sealing ring, wherein the pressure cylinder is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the containment vessel, the pressure cylinder is provided with a pressure cavity, the pressure in the pressure cavity is a first threshold value, the movable rod is arranged on the pressure cylinder, one part of the movable rod is positioned in the pressure cavity, the other part of the movable rod stretches into the containment vessel, the movable rod is in a normal pressure state and a high pressure state, in the high pressure state, the movable rod can move relative to the pressure cylinder under the pressure action of the containment vessel, and the broken piece is arranged on the movable rod so as to drive the broken piece to be close to the pressure wall and damage the pressure wall to open the through hole when the movable rod moves; the pressure plate is arranged on the movable rod and is positioned in the safety cavity, the thickness direction of the pressure plate is parallel to the moving direction of the movable rod, the pressure plate is provided with a pressure front surface and a pressure back surface which are opposite in the thickness direction of the pressure plate, the flexible sealing ring extends along the moving direction of the movable rod, the flexible sealing ring is sleeved on the movable rod, the inner peripheral surface of the flexible sealing ring is spaced from the outer peripheral surface of the movable rod, the flexible sealing ring is provided with a first connecting surface and a second connecting surface which are opposite in the extending direction of the flexible sealing ring, the first connecting surface is connected with the pressure back surface, the second connecting surface is connected with the inner peripheral surface of the safety shell, an annular cavity is formed among the pressure back surface, the second connecting surface and the inner peripheral surface of the safety shell, and the annular cavity is communicated with the pressure cavity; The airbag assembly comprises an airbag, the airbag is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the safety shell and is communicated with the through hole, and when the through hole is opened, gas in the safety cavity can be filled into the airbag.
  2. 2. The heat removal system of claim 1, wherein the pressure trigger assembly further comprises: an anti-reversion lock catch, which is arranged on one of the inner peripheral surface of the pressure cylinder and the movable rod; The anti-reverse tongue is arranged on the other of the inner peripheral surface of the pressure cylinder and the movable rod, and the anti-reverse tongue is mutually matched with the anti-reverse lock catch to prevent the movable rod from moving along the direction facing the safety cavity.
  3. 3. The heat removal system of claim 1, further comprising a buffer member coupled to the containment vessel, the buffer member disposed opposite the through-hole to slow the flow rate of the airflow.
  4. 4. The heat removal system of claim 1, further comprising a filter coupled to the containment vessel, the filter disposed opposite the through-hole to filter gas charged to the bladder.
  5. 5. The heat removal system of claim 1, further comprising a protection assembly, the protection assembly comprising: a protective cover provided on an outer peripheral surface of the safety case, the protective cover having a protective chamber accommodating the airbag that is not inflated; and the protective cover is arranged on the protective cover and is used for opening and closing the protective cavity.
  6. 6. The heat removal system of claim 5, wherein said protection assembly further comprises a protection lock disposed on said pressure tube, said protection lock being connected between said protection cap and said protection cap to unlock said protection lock when a pressure within said pressure tube is greater than or equal to a second threshold value, said second threshold value being greater than said first threshold value, and/or And in the high-pressure state, the movable rod is contacted with the protection lock so as to unlock the protection lock.
  7. 7. The heat removal system of claim 5, wherein the protective assembly further comprises a swivel member coupled between the protective cover and the protective cover such that the protective cover is rotatably coupled to the protective cover to be openable and closable.
  8. 8. The heat removal system of claim 1, wherein the airbag assembly includes a rigid-flexible connection that is connected between the safety shell and the airbag.
  9. 9. The heat removal system of claim 1, wherein the bladder is elongated.
  10. 10. The heat removal system of claim 9, wherein there are a plurality of said air bags, the trailing end of one of two adjacent air bags being in communication with the leading end of the other.
  11. 11. The heat removal system of any one of claims 1-10, wherein the bladder assembly and the pressure trigger assembly are provided in a plurality of respective ones, the bladder assembly and the pressure trigger assembly being in one-to-one correspondence.
  12. 12. The containment heat removal system of claim 11, wherein the first threshold value within at least two of the pressure chambers in the plurality of pressure trigger assemblies is different from one another.
  13. 13. The heat extraction system of a containment vessel according to any one of claims 1-10, wherein the bladder comprises a radiation protection layer and a fibrous layer, the fibrous layer being located outside the radiation protection layer.
  14. 14. The heat removal system of claim 13, wherein the bladder further comprises a wear layer, the wear layer being located outside of the fibrous layer.

Description

Heat extraction system of containment vessel Technical Field The invention relates to the technical field of nuclear power, in particular to a heat removal system of a containment vessel. Background The containment is the last barrier for containing radioactivity in a nuclear power plant, and under the working conditions of overpressure and high-temperature accidents of the containment in the nuclear power plant, a large amount of gas can be generated in the containment, so that the temperature and the pressure of the containment are increased, and great risks are brought to the integrity of the containment and the radioactive substance containing function. In the related art, how to efficiently relieve the pressure of the containment and reduce the temperature of the containment is a problem to be solved. Disclosure of Invention The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent. Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides a heat extraction system of a containment, which can relieve the pressure in the containment and reduce the temperature in the containment, and prevent secondary accidents of the containment and nuclear facilities in the containment. The heat removal system of the containment of the present invention includes a containment, a pressure trigger assembly, and an airbag assembly. The safety shell is provided with a safety cavity, a through hole communicated with the safety cavity is formed in the safety shell, and a pressure wall for sealing the through hole is arranged on the safety shell; The pressure triggering assembly comprises a pressure cylinder, a movable rod and a broken wall piece, wherein the pressure cylinder is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the containment vessel, the pressure cylinder is provided with a pressure cavity, the pressure in the pressure cavity is a first threshold value, the movable rod is arranged on the pressure cylinder, one part of the movable rod is positioned in the pressure cavity, the other part of the movable rod stretches into the containment vessel, the movable rod is in a normal pressure state and a high pressure state, in the high pressure state, the movable rod is movable relative to the pressure cylinder under the pressure action of the containment vessel, and the broken wall piece is arranged on the movable rod so as to drive the broken wall piece to be close to the pressure wall and break the pressure wall to open the through hole when the movable rod moves; the airbag assembly comprises an airbag, the airbag is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the safety shell and is communicated with the through hole, and when the through hole is opened, gas in the safety cavity can be filled into the airbag. According to the heat removal system of the containment vessel, when the nuclear facility in the containment vessel fails, namely the pressure in the containment vessel continuously increases and the temperature continuously rises, the pressure triggering component can destroy the pressure wall on the containment vessel, so that the gas in the containment vessel is filled into the air bag, namely the inner space of the air bag is equivalent to the space of the containment vessel, the pressure in the containment vessel can be relieved, the situation of overpressure in the containment vessel is avoided, and secondary accidents of the containment vessel and the nuclear facility in the containment vessel are prevented. Meanwhile, the air bag filled with high-temperature and high-pressure gas can exchange heat with the atmosphere, namely, the effective area of the heat exchange between the containment and the atmosphere is increased, the heat exchange efficiency between the containment and the atmosphere is quickened, the situation of overpressure in the containment cavity is avoided, and secondary accidents of the containment and nuclear facilities in the containment are prevented Optionally, the pressure trigger assembly further comprises: the pressure plate is arranged on the movable rod and is positioned in the safety cavity, the thickness direction of the pressure plate is parallel to the moving direction of the movable rod, and the pressure plate is provided with a pressure front surface and a pressure back surface which are opposite in the thickness direction; the flexible sealing ring extends along the moving direction of the movable rod, the flexible sealing ring is sleeved on the movable rod, the inner peripheral surface of the flexible sealing ring is spaced from the outer peripheral surface of the movable rod, a first connecting surface and a second connecting surface which are opposite to each other in the extending direction of the flexible sealing ring are arranged on the flexible sealing ring, the first connecting surface is connected with the pressure back surface, the second connecting surface is connected with the inner peripheral surface of the containmen