CN-117982828-B - Active detonation flame arrester

Abstract

The invention provides an active detonation flame arrester which comprises a flame arrester shell, a flame retardant unit arranged in the flame arrester shell and an active explosion suppression device, wherein the active explosion suppression device can monitor a front-end flame signal in real time and can generate an impact flame at one end close to the flame retardant unit when the front-end flame is detected, the impact flame forwards propagates to impact with the front-end flame to weaken the impact wave of the front-end flame, and combustible gas in the flame arrester shell is consumed to inhibit the front-end flame from propagating, so that the front-end flame is extinguished.

Inventors

• BAI YONGZHONG
• BAO LEI
• WANG PENG
• ZHOU JIAO
• YU ANFENG
• LING XIAODONG
• Kang Zetian

Assignees

• 中国石油化工股份有限公司
• 中石化安全工程研究院有限公司

Dates

Publication Date

20260512

Application Date

20221104

Claims (10)

1. 1. An active detonation flame arrester, comprising: A flame arrester housing (1); a flame-retardant unit (2) arranged inside the flame arrester housing, and An active explosion suppression device, which comprises a flame detection unit (3) and an ignition unit (4), The flame detection unit is arranged on a pipeline body (12) connected with the flame arrester shell and used for monitoring whether flame is generated in the pipeline body in real time, the ignition unit is arranged on the axial end face of the flame retardant unit, the active explosion suppression device further comprises a circuit amplification control unit (5) connected between the flame detection unit and the ignition unit, the flame detection unit can generate an electric signal when detecting front-end flame and transmit the electric signal to the circuit amplification control unit, and the electric signal is amplified by the circuit amplification control unit and then is transmitted to the ignition unit to control the ignition unit to ignite; The active explosion suppression device can monitor a front-end flame signal in real time, can generate an impact flame at one end close to the flame retardant unit when the front-end flame is detected, and the impact flame propagates forwards to collide with the front-end flame to weaken the impact wave of the front-end flame and consume combustible gas in the flame arrester shell so as to inhibit the front-end flame from propagating, so that the front-end flame is extinguished.
2. 2. An active detonation flame arrester as claimed in claim 1 wherein one end of the circuit amplification control unit is connected to the flame detection unit by a first signal line (51) and the other end is connected to the ignition unit by a second signal line (52).
3. 3. An active detonation flame arrestor as defined in claim 1, wherein the flame detection unit includes a cathode detection portion (31) and an anode detection portion (32) extending inwardly through a sidewall of the conduit body.
4. 4. An active detonation flame arrester as claimed in claim 3 wherein an insulator is provided between the cathode and anode detection portions.
5. 5. An active detonation flame arrester as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ignition unit comprises 1 ignition module (41) arranged within the flame arrester housing.
6. 6. The active detonation flame arrester of claim 1, wherein the ignition unit includes a plurality of ignition modules (41) disposed proximate to the flame retardant unit, and the circuit amplification control unit is capable of time-sharing control of the plurality of ignition modules.
7. 7. An active detonation flame arrester as claimed in claim 5 or 6, wherein the ignition module is provided with a flame guiding element (411) for controlling the direction of flame development after ignition of the ignition module.
8. 8. An active detonation flame arrestor as defined in claim 5 or 6, wherein the ignition module is provided with a flame acceleration element (412) for enhancing the speed and intensity of flame propagation after ignition of the ignition module.
9. 9. The active detonation flame arrester of claim 1 wherein the diameter of the flame arrester housing is configured to be greater than the diameter of the conduit body and the diameters of the ends of the flame arrester housing are configured to taper from the flame arrester housing to the conduit body.
10. 10. An active detonation flame arrester as claimed in claim 1, wherein a flame retardant unit support (6) is provided on the exterior of the flame arrester housing for preventing structural failure and displacement of the flame retardant unit under the impact of a flame explosion.

Description

Active detonation flame arrester Technical Field The invention belongs to the technical field of flame arresters, and particularly relates to an active detonation flame arrestor. Background With the limitation of greenhouse gas emission, tank farm communication and VOCs treatment become key measures for reducing the emission of VOCs. The fire arresters are the last key facilities for preventing group tank fire, and the performance of the fire arresters is very important. Flame arresters are key means of preventing flame propagation. After the flame is ignited in the pipe, the flame speed will also take on an accelerated state as the flame propagates. Flame propagation behavior can be generally classified as deflagration propagation or detonation propagation, where the flame speed can reach thousands of meters per second, and the peak explosion pressure can reach hundreds of times the initial pressure, which is very damaging. The detonation flame arrestor at present comprises a flame arrestor shell and a flame retardant unit, and the flame arrestor is cooled and quenched by free radicals by means of the heat transfer effect and the wall effect of the flame retardant unit (which is composed of a plurality of layers of stainless steel corrugated plates). This process mainly suppresses the propagation of flame. While the detonation wave propagation is accompanied by the propagation of a spiral detonation wave besides a high-speed flame array surface. Due to the large impact of the detonation wave, the flame retardant unit has to be designed with a sufficient thickness to withstand the large impact of the detonation wave. However, the high circulation resistance is brought, the daily high-efficiency operation of the flame arrester is limited, the flame arrester needs high maintenance and repair cost, and meanwhile, the flame arrester cannot normally operate. Chinese patent document CN111097118B discloses a low pressure drop heavy-calibre flame arrester of flow dispersion type, and it includes casing and lower casing, it is located the position directly over the lower casing to go up the casing, it is provided with a plurality of mounting holes to equidistant circumference on casing and the lower casing all, the upside of going up the casing is provided with the air inlet, the downside of lower casing is provided with the gas outlet, the inside of air inlet and gas outlet all is provided with the screw thread interface, two the inside of screw thread interface all is equipped with the reposition of redundant personnel mechanism that is used for differentiation flow, the downside fixed connection of going up the casing goes up the casing flange. However, the flow dispersion type low-pressure-drop large-caliber flame arrester cannot realize the energy of flame propagation in an active weak pipeline, and cannot consume combustible gas in a flame arrester shell at the same time, and the flame extinction cannot be effectively realized by a flow dividing mechanism although the flame impact can be reduced to a certain extent, so that the flame extinction performance is poor. The invention discloses a bidirectional detonation-resistant flame arrester, which comprises a shell, wherein two shells are arranged, a fire-resistant component is arranged between the shells, a shock wave absorbing device is arranged between the shells and the fire-resistant component, a buffer cavity is arranged in the shell, detonation shock waves are depressurized and slowed down in the buffer cavity, and the fire-resistant flame arrester is protected. The bidirectional detonation-resistant flame arrester cannot realize the energy of flame propagation in an active weak pipeline, and cannot consume combustible gas in a flame arrester shell at the same time, and although the shock wave absorbing device can reduce flame impact to a certain extent, the flame extinction cannot be effectively realized, and the flame-resistant performance is poor. The Chinese patent document CN104274929A discloses a detonation flame arrester, which belongs to the technical field of pipeline safety equipment and comprises a shell, a flame arrester and a pipe joint, wherein the shell and the shell are connected together through bolts, the flame arrester is arranged between the shell and the shell, a buffer device is arranged between the pipe joint and a flame arrester plate respectively, and a circle of through holes are formed in the edge of the buffer device. The detonation type flame arrester cannot realize the energy of flame propagation in an active weak pipeline, and cannot consume combustible gas in a flame arrester shell at the same time, and the buffer device can reduce flame impact to a certain extent, but cannot effectively realize flame extinction, so that the flame arrester has poor flame-retarding performance. Thus, there is a need for an active detonation flame arrestor that can achieve dual blocking of detonation waves and combustion to significantly enh